Subject: Privacy Proposals, Internet Censorship!
FROM: ACLU News
Date: 06-24-98:
IN THE ACLU NEWSROOM
**The Latest News Can Always Be Found At:**
http://www.aclu.org/news/pressind.html
* House Judiciary Committee Approves
Misguided Anti-Family Legislation
* Puerto Rico's Criminal Ban on Same-Gender Sex,
"Crime Against Nature" Targeted by ACLU Lawsuit
* ACLU Warns Senate Committee that New Legislation
Could Turn Puerto Ricans Into Second-Class Citizens
* ACLU Tells Clinton Administration Summit
To Carefully Evaluate Privacy Proposals
* Supreme Court Rejects Alabama's Bizarre Appeal;
Limits Liability in Student Sex Harassment Suits
* Trial Begins Today in ACLU Challenge
To New Mexico Internet Censorship Law
House Judiciary Committee Approves
Misguided Anti-Family Legislation
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Tuesday, June 23, 1998
WASHINGTON -- After committee members rejected a series of amendments
designed to protect teen health, the House Judiciary Committee today
approved the "Teen Endangerment Act," a bill that would deny young women
the assistance of trusted adults when facing unintended pregnancies.
Debate on the measure, which is more formally known as the "Child
Custody Protection Act," was quite heated as Democratic members of the
Judiciary Committee offered a series of amendments to show the extreme
nature of the legislation. One amendment, offered by Rep. Sheila Jackson
Lee, D-TX, would have permitted grandmothers to take a minor across
state lines to receive an abortion. Another offered by Rep. Robert
Scott, D-VA, would have allowed a sibling to accompany a young woman.
The bill was approved on a party-line vote of 17 to 10; the Senate
Judiciary Committee is scheduled to consider the legislation on
Thursday.
As introduced by Rep. Charles T. Canady, the measure would make it a
federal crime for anyone - including a grandmother, aunt or minister -
to help a young woman travel across state lines to obtain an abortion
unless she has already fulfilled the requirements of her home state's
parental consent or notification laws.
Most young women who are pregnant confide in their parents regardless of
parental involvement legislation, noted Kathryn Engustian, a Legislative
Counsel for the ACLU. Of those teens who do not tell their parents about
a pregnancy, one third have already been the victims of physical,
emotional or sexual abuse at the hands of family members, the American
Academy of Pediatrics reports.
"No legislation can create healthy family communication where it does
not already exist," Engustian said. "As made clear by the rejection of
the proposed amendments, the proponents of this legislation are
interested in pursuing an ideological agenda rather than protecting
young women's health."
The ACLU noted that this legislation - intended to enforce family
communication - will likely backfire and instead discourage young women
from turning to a trusted family member.
"Clearly, it is in the best interests of young women for caring,
responsible adults to accompany them to an abortion provider and back
home after surgery," said Catherine Weiss, Director of the ACLU's
Reproductive Freedom Project. "Knowing that anyone who helps them travel
to another state for an abortion would risk arrest and imprisonment,
this legislation would further isolate many young women, discouraging
them from turning to someone they trust."
The ACLU said that parental involvement laws permit teenagers to seek
permission from a court for an abortion if they cannot or will not turn
to their parents. But local judges in dozens of counties across America
simply refuse either to hear or to grant young women's petitions. For
many teenagers the prospect of going to court and sharing intimate
details with strangers - and risking public exposure - is simply too
intimidating. Out-of-state travel for a legal abortion, in the company
of someone they trust, is often the only safe option for many young
women.
Puerto Rico's Criminal Ban on Same-Gender Sex,
"Crime Against Nature" Targeted by ACLU Lawsuit
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Tuesday, June 22, 1998
SAN JUAN -- The American Civil Liberties Union today filed a lawsuit
challenging as unconstitutional a Puerto Rico law that criminalizes gay
and lesbian intimate relationships and "the crime against nature," which
apparently targets heterosexual sodomy.
The suit -- filed this morning in San Juan Superior Court by the ACLU's
National Lesbian and Gay Rights Project on behalf of six residents --
targets Puerto Rico's "crime against nature" statute. Under the law,
anyone who "has sexual intercourse with people of the same sex or
commits the crime against nature with a human being" is guilty of a
felony and liable for penalties of up to $1,000 or 10 years in prison.
"The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has no business in my bedroom," said
Margarita Sanchez De Leon, one of the plaintiffs in the case. "Our
Constitution gives me the right to decide whether I love a woman or a
man, and how I will love my partner."
Sanchez De Leon added that she considered the ACLU's lawsuit a "big step
forward" for the lesbian and gay community in Puerto Rico.
The ACLU's complaint charges that the law violates the equal protection
and privacy rights of lesbians and gay men guaranteed by both the Puerto
Rico and United States Constitutions. The ACLU also said the law is
unconstitutionally vague because it does not make clear what acts the
statute prohibits and to whom the prohibitions apply.
Although sodomy laws are not always enforced, such laws are often used
to deny lesbians and gay men a range of other rights, said Michael
Adams, a staff attorney with the ACLU's National Lesbian and Gay Rights
Project.
"This case is about securing basic civil liberties," Adams said. "Laws
criminalizing sexual intimacy have been used in workplaces to deny
lesbians and gay men jobs. They have been used to take children away
from parents who are gay. In Puerto Rico, they have even been used by
politicians to threaten gay citizens who speak out for their rights."
Adams said Sanchez De Leon was asked whether she wa
was a lesbian when
attempting to testify before members of Puerto Rico's legislature. When
Sanchez De Leon, a Christian minister and activist, answered "yes," she
was told she could be arrested.
The lawsuit charges that Puerto Rico's sodomy law was used to deny
Sanchez De Leon her constitutionally protected free speech rights and
that she and her life partner, who is identified in court papers as Jane
Doe, now fear arrest and prosecution under Article 103 of the Penal Code
of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
While the other plaintiffs have never been accused of violating the law,
as gay men in intimate relationships they live under the dark cloud of a
legal threat. Plaintiff Jose Joaquin Mulinelli of Bayamon and his life
partner John Doe both said they had suffered psychological harm as a
result of being singled out under the law. Mulinelli is an HIV health
educator and John Doe is a nurse.
Similarly, Edgard Danielsen Morales and his life partner William Moran
Berberena, both of San Juan, cited fear of arrest and other severe
consequences under the Puerto Rico statute. Morales is a chemistry
professor and the associate dean for graduate studies and research at
the University of Puerto Rico; Moran Berberena is a federal employee.
The ACLU also brought the case on behalf of its members who live in and
travel to Puerto Rico and could be prosecuted under Article 103.
Concerned about social ostracism and retaliation if their identities are
revealed, two of the plaintiffs, "John Doe" and "Jane Doe," asked to
remain anonymous in the lawsuit. Taken together, these six people and
ACLU members represent a broad spectrum of individuals who are
negatively impacted by the Puerto Rico's law.
Laws criminalizing sexual intimacy, including sodomy, were once on the
books in all 50 states, but many have been repealed or struck down by
the courts as unconstitutional. Most recently, Rhode Island and Montana
voided their same-sex sodomy laws, concluding that the government has no
place in the private bedrooms of consenting adults.
Sodomy and oral sex laws remain today in twenty-one states, 15 of which
target intimate activities for both gay and heterosexual couples. The
remaining six states have laws that only target lesbians and gay men.
Same-sex laws in Kansas and Maryland are currently being challenged bythe ACLU.
The case is Sanchez et al. v. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Attorneys in
the case are Michael Adams; Matthew Coles, Director of the ACLU's
Lesbian and Gay Rights Project, and Charles Hey Maestre of San Juan.
Attorney Ana Irma Rivera Larsen is also assisting in the case.
For more information:
The ACLU's Complaint in the case is at:
http://www.aclu.org/court/com_prico.html
An ACLU fact sheet on sodomy laws in the United States is at:
http://www.aclu.org/issues/gay/sodomy.html
An overview of the ACLU's work on lesbian and gay rights is at:
http://www.aclu.org/issues/gay/hmgl.html