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Freebies Index  |
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...and a few words from
Caroline...
and others MINIMAL PAIRS, LISTENING LISTS, AND MORE for articulation and phonological therapy |
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When you have looked
at the words below (and helped yourself, if you like!) here are links to a few
words from John in Shaftesbury,
Dorset,
Freida
in Albury, NSW, Australia, and
Peter
at Idaho State University
at Pocatello. For the budget conscious,
Alan, Gillian and Helen
at Black Sheep Press in the North of England have an extensive range of pictures of minimal word pairs in their photocopy
free materials and worksheets.
IN THE FOLLOWING LISTS: |
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MINIMAL PAIRS singletons |
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| Stops vs. Affricates SIWI tear - chair tease - cheese tin - chin top - chop talk - chalk ticks - chicks tiled - child tip - chip tips - chips tore - chore two - chew PICTURES: here |
Fricatives vs. Affricates SIWI sore - chore sum - chum sip - chip sick - chick sat - chat Sue - chew silly - chilly soak - choke suck - chuck sill - chill search - church |
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| Stops vs. Fricatives and Affricates
SFWF rat - rash out - ouch write - rice cat - catch late - lace hut - hush mat - match road - rose head - hedge hit - hiss coat - coach PICTURES: here |
Voiced vs. Voiceless Alveolar
Stops SIWI /d/vs. /t/ deer tear die tie din tin doll toll door tore doze toes dent tent dead Ted dim Tim PICTURES: here |
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| Voiced vs. Voiceless Affricates
SIWI jeer cheer joke choke jeep cheap Jane chain jaw chore jump chump jest chest gin chin Jess chess |
Voiceless Velars vs. Alveolars SIWI: /k/ vs /t/ car tar core tore cape tape cub tub cool tool cap tap key tea call tall corn torn PICTURES: here |
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| Voiceled Velars vs. Alveolars SIWI: /g/ vs /d/ gaze daze (days) gig dig go doe (dough) game dame gust dust gum dumb gash dash grip drip grab drab groan drone gate date got dot Guy die (dye) guide died PICTURES: here |
Fricative Contrasts
(triplets) sort fort short sore four shore sign fine shine sell fell shell seat feet sheet PICTURES: here |
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| Final Consonant Inclusion tea team tie tide hoe hope play plane car calf pea peep shoe shoot low load PICTURES: here |
Final Consonant Inclusion high hide see seat shoe shoot she sheep cow couch sore sort sea seed say save PICTURES: here |
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| Final Consonant Inclusion buy bike sew soap ow! out bee beach pie pile row road moo move car card PICTURES: here |
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| Initial Glottal Inclusion: /h/ "A" hay "E" he "I" high "O" hoe ("U" who - yoo-hoo) eye high air hair old hold eel heel art heart edge hedge PICTURES: here |
Initial Fricative Inclusion: /f/ arm farm eel feel in fin air fair oar four ace face eat feet ill fill oh foe ox fox ale fail PICTURES: here |
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| Initial Velar Inclusion: /k/ "R" car art cart ache cake oar core ape cape air care old cold aim came ill kill arm calm off cough PICTURES: here |
Init
Consonant Inclusion 'sh' shower hour share air shy eye shake ache shape ape shawl all shell "L shout out PICTURES: here |
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Initial Consonant Inclusion /s/ seal eel sell "L" seat eat sad add soak oak sold old saw oar soil oil sour hour PICTURES: here |
Initial Alveolar
Inclusion /t/ in tin eye tie ache take aim tame air tear ape tape old told art tart PICTURES: here |
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| Initial Consonant Inclusion us bus ape tape out shout eye pie eel peel air chair ache take old fold PICTURES: here |
Glottal
Fric vs. Alveolar Stop SIWI /h/ vs. /t/ hop top hall tall horn torn high tie hose toes hair tear hen ten hot tot PICTURES: here |
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| Glottal vs. Labio-dental Fricative SIWI: /h/
vs. /f/ hat fat hit fit hold fold hive five hall fall horse force hall fall heel feel hole foal hairy fairy PICTURES: here |
Glottal vs. Palato-alveolar Fricative SIWI hall shawl head shed horn Sean horn Shawn harp sharp hop shop hook shook high shy hut shut heap sheep hoe show hair share heat sheet hip ship PICTURES: here |
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| Glottal vs. alveolar Fricative SIWI: /h/ vs
/s/ sauce horse soup hoop sold hold side hide sit hit sand hand suit hoot sole hole soap hope seat heat sip hip seal heel PICTURES: here |
Liquid vs. Fricative
SIWI /l/ vs /s/ line sign low sew lock sock long song lick sick lip sip lend send lift sift lead seed look sook |
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| Liquids vs. Glides
SIWI /r/ vs. /w/ one run wig rig wing ring wok rock whale rail wake rake weed read witch rich wave rave west rest PICTURES: here |
Fricatives vs. Glides SIWI /f/ vs. /w/ feel wheel fig wig fight white fork walk fall wall fish wish feel wheel full wool fail whale fade wade |
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| Fricatives vs. Glides
SIWI /v/ vs. /w/ vest west veil whale vine wine vet wet volley Wally veal wheel Vic wick |
Palato-alveolar Fricative vs. Affricates SFWF mash match dish ditch wish witch wash watch cash catch hush hutch crush crutch marsh march PICTURES: here |
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| Palato-alveolar Fricative vs. Affricates SIWI shops chops shoes choose ships chips share chair Shane chain shin chin sheep cheep shock chock PICTURES: here |
Liquids vs. Alveolars SIWI: /l/ vs. /d/ lots dots log dog lazy daisy leap deep love dove |
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| Nasals vs. Liquids
SIWI /n/ vs. /l/ knead lead nip lip night light name lame knock lock neigh lay no low nine line knot lot nap lap PICTURES: here |
Labio-dental Fricatives vs. Stops SIWI: /f/
vs /d/ file dial fish dish fan Dan four door five dive foam dome fig dig |
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| Alveolar vs. Palato-alveolar Fricatives SIWI
suit shoot sock shock sore shore sip ship sack shack sour shower seat sheet Sue shoe PICTURES: here |
Alveolar vs. Labio-dental Fricatives SIWI:
/s/ vs. /f/
sold fold sauce force sort fort six fix sit fit sole foal cell fell sole foal sore four PICTURES: here |
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| Alveolar vs. Labio-dental Fricatives SIWI:
/s/ vs. /f/ sun fun seed feed sound found seat feet seal feel socks fox saw four sunny funny sat fat sign fine PICTURES: here |
/n/ vs.
'sh' SIWI gnaw shore knee she nip ship nine shine neat sheet nut shut no show knock shock |
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| /w/ vs. /l/ SIWI
wok lock wine line weed lead white light week leek weigh lay wet let wick lick PICTURES: here |
/w/ vs. /l/ SIWI why lie wake lake wait late weep leap wink link Wally lolly PICTURES: here |
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| Alveolar vs. Palato-alveolar Fricatives SIWI sign shine sew show sip ship saw shore sock shock PICTURES: here |
/n/ vs. /s/ SIWI gnaw saw nine sign nails sails kneel seal neat seat nip sip knock sock no sew |
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| /n/ vs.
'ng' SFWF Ron wrong pin Ping win wing thin thin |
'th' vs. /f/ SIWI thin fin thaw four thought fort thread Fred thorn fawn three free thirst first |
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| /v/ vs. /b/ SIWI vase bars vest best vat bat V B (Vee-Bee) vote boat van ban vow bow very berry |
/l/ vs. /j/ SIWI lawn yawn Lou you lap yap less yes lucky yucky luck yuck PICTURES: here |
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NEAR MINIMAL PAIRS singleton vs. cluster PICTURES: here |
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| /p/ vs. /sp/ pie spy peach speech pot spot pit spit pin spin pill spill |
/s/ vs.
/sl/ leap sleep lip slip low slow |
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| /s/ vs.
/sk/ sails scales sip skip see ski sore score |
/s/ vs.
/st/ sick stick sack stack seal steal soup stoop |
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| /t/ vs.
/st/ SIWI take stake talk stork tar star tack stack top stop tool stool tick stick |
/t/ vs.
/st/ SFWF beat Beast Bert burst wet west coat coast goat ghost wait waist net nest pet pest feet feast vet vest |
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| /w/ vs.
/sw/ wing swing weep sweep well swell wheat sweet witch switch |
/k/ vs.
/sk/ key ski cat scat car scar core score cool school |
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| /n/ vs.
/sn/ nail snail knees sneeze no snow nought Snort nap snap |
/m/ vs.
/sm/ Mog smog mash smash mall small mile smile Mac smack |
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| /l/
Clusters low glow lip flip lap clap loud cloud lock block leap sleep lean clean lime climb low blow love glove |
/r/ vs. /tr/ rash trash ray tray rim trim rain train rack track Rick trick |
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| /r/ Clusters root fruit rat brat red bread rip drip rain train row throw |
/sk/ vs.
/st/ scoop stoop school stool scout stout score store sky sty skate state skill still scamp stamp |
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| MINIMAL
PAIRS voicing contrasts PICTURES: here |
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| /k/ vs. /g/
SIWI cap gap gate Kate game came gum come coat goat coast ghost cot got |
/d/ vs. /t/
SFWF cord caught Bert bird wade wait wed wet bad bat bead beat write ride sat sad sort sword hid hit pot pod feet feed wrote road wheat weed |
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| /k/ vs. /g/
SFWF peck peg buck bug pick pig lock log back bag stack stag tack tag |
/p/ vs.
/b/ SFWF cup cub nip nib cap cab lap lab rope robe |
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| Voicing
SFWF peach beach town down fan van pole bowl peas bees buy pie bear pear sip zip pig big tore door |
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| CLUSTERS SIWI | ||||||
| /skr/ SIWI scream screen scratch scrub screw /str/ SIWI
/kr/ SIWI /gr/ SIWI /tr/ SIWI
/dr/ SIWI /br/ SIWI /sp/ SIWI /st/ SIWI /pr/ SIWI /kl/ SIWI /fl/ SIWI /sm/ SIWI /sn/
SIWI |
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| VOWELS
AND VOWEL CONTRASTS PICTURES: here |
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Vowel Contrasts 'er' vs. 'or' bored bird / cord curd / Paul pearl / bought Bert / short shirt / torn turn /call curl / lawn learn /walk work / warm worm / fawn fern / born burn / a bored bird / a warm worm / a short shirt / a coarse curse Regarding 'er'!
In Australian English /r/
is not pronounced in pearl, shirt, purse, etc. Vowel Contrasts Vowel Contrasts |
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| SINGLETONS SIWI | ||||||
| /p/ SIWI pea peach peel peep pig pick pill Po pink paint paste pay peck peg pen pest pet pan park poor pool post purr pie pile Piglet Pooh Percy
/b/ SIWI /t/ SIWI /d/ SIWI key king kiss cage Ken cake Kate case cab calf cow cash cap car card corn comb come cool cook coach coast coat /g/ SIWI PICTURES: here goose game gate girl gum goat gold gown go ghost Gordon /h/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here and PICTURES:
here /f/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here /v/ SIWI /s/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here /z/ SIWI 'sh' SIWI
'th' SIWI 'ch' SIWI
PICTURES:
here 'J' SIWI
PICTURES:
here /w/ SIWI /j/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here /l/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here /r/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here The Teddies in Bananas in Pyjamas are Amy, Morgan and Lulu. The Bananas are B1 and B2, and the other main character is The Rat in a Hat. /m/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here /n/ SIWI
PICTURES:
here /b/ vs. /t/ and /b/ vs. /d/ CVCs |
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| NO FINAL
CONSONANT in Australian English PICTURES: here |
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| pea pay Pooh paw purr pie pow poi Pa bee bay boo bore burr buy bow boy bar bow tea two tore tie toy ta toe "D" day do door die dough key Kay coo core cur cow coy car gay goo guy go four fur far foe "V" vie vow sea say Sue sore sir sigh sow soy sew zoo zee she shoe shore shy show he hay who her high how hoe chew chore "G" "J" jaw joy jar Joe me May moo more my Ma knee neigh gnaw now no lay Lou law lie low we way woo war why wow woe ray roo raw rye Roy row |
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| NO INITIAL CONSONANT | ||||||
| ape up ebb eat it eight out ought odd Orc add aid ache oak egg if off ace ass "S" us ice eyes ash each itch ouch age edge urge aim "M" in on urn own eel ill ale all owl oil ink end arm old PICTURES: here |
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| BACKWARD CHAINING | ||||||
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"KING-WORDS" (Verbs)
PICTURES:
here e.g., walking-king-talking-king-making-king- etc walking talking making looking working taking baking hiking soaking licking wrecking stacking breaking lurking
BACKWARD CHAINING: "KEY"
PICTURES:
here |
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| MISCELLANEOUS | ||||||
| /ks/ SFWF: Third Person Regular
Present Tense licks walks picks wakes looks breaks soaks talks shakes works makes checks peeks kicks bakes bucks locks |
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| FOOTNOTE SIWI, SFWF, SIWW, etc In the branch of Clinical Linguistics called clinical phonology, the abbreviations SIWI, SFWF, SIWW, SFWW, etc are used to describe where sounds occur in spoken words. SIWI is "syllable initial word initial position". In the word "ball", /b/ is SIWI. SFWF is "syllable final word final position". In the word "rub" /b/ is SFWF. SIWW is "syllable initial within word position". In the word "abound" /b/ is SIWW. The terms are used to denote how the words are pronounced by an individual, not the way you spell them, or the way they "should" be pronounced. So, for example, when you break a word like "innocent" into syllables with regard to how you might spell it you get inn-o-cent. But when most speakers of English SAY the word it becomes (roughly!) ih-nu-sent so that the /n/ is SIWW (not SFWW as it would be if you said in-uh-sent). Some speech-language pathologists use these abbreviations when they look at "phonotactics" (the patterns of vowels and consonants a child can produce such as CV, VC, CVC, CCV, CCVC, CCVCC, etc) in detail, as part of a phonological analysis. The information is useful in choosing therapy targets and devising word lists for production practice and auditory bombardment (focused auditory input) when appropriate. |
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| Page updated 12 May 2009
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COPYRIGHT
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Caroline Bowen ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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