| Chapter 10, Section 5 | Chapter 10, Section 5 |
| 1. Why did rebellions break out in Canada in 1837? | In 1791 Britain divided Canada because French and English Canadians had differences that created distrust among them. Upper Canada (including area around Great Lakes) was English; Lower Canada (land along St. Lawrence River) was French. |
| 2. What recommendations did Lord Durham make? | To give Canadians control over local affairs and unite Upper and Lower Canada |
| The Monroe Doctrine | The Monroe Doctrine |
| 3. What Latin American countries won independence from Spain in the early 1800s? |
Great Colombia (made up of Venezuela, Colombia,Ecuador, Panama) and Peru, Bolivia,
Chile, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Mexico.
In 1821, Central American countries of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala. By 1825, Spain lost all but Cuba and Puerto Rico. In 1822, Brazil gained independence from Portugal. |
| 4.What was the Monroe Doctrine, and why did the U.S. issue it? | A Policy statement of President James Monroe in 1823. Stated the U.S. would not interfere in the affairs of European nations or European colonies in the Americas. European nations were warned not to interfere with the newly independent nations of Latin America. (Showed U.S. would not tolerate recolonization of the Americas.) |
| 5. Why was British support of the Monroe Doctrine important? | Its strong navy could stop European interference. |
| 6. How did Florida become part of the U.S.? | Adams-Onis Treaty (1821) Spain gave up Florida to U.S. for $5 million. |
| Chapter 11: The Jackson Era | Chapter 11: The Jackson Era |
| suffrage- | right to vote |
| caucus- | a private meeting of political leaders to choose candidates |
| nominating convention - | meeting in which a political party selects their candidate for president |
| spoils system - | practice of giving political jobs to loyal supporters |
| pet bank - | banks in which government officials owned shares (used by Jackson & Taney) |
| nullification - | a state declaring a federal law illegal |
| states' rights - | the right of states to limit the power of the federal government |
| secede - | withdraw |
| Section 1: Champion of the People | Section 1: Champion of the People |
| 1. List the names of the men who ran for President in 1824, and tell what section of the country supported each. |
John Quincy Adams - son of Jolm Adams, Secretary of State for Monroe, helped end War
of 1812.
support from East; he had been a Federalist until 1808. As a Democratic.- Republican Henry Clay -Speaker of the House; skillful negotiator; from Kentucky, former "War Hawk"; endorsed the so-called "American System" headed by a national bank, a protective tariff to aid the growth of industry, and a good transportation system to increase trade between sections of the country; support from the West. Andrew Jackson - self-made rmn; a frontier politician and national military hero, supported mainly the interests of the West. William Crawford - support from South; former U.S. senator, Secretary of War & Treasury. supporter of states' rights. |
| 2 Who won the popular vote in 1824 and why didn't he become President? |
Jackson.
No candidate won a majority of electoral votes. The House of Reps. had to choose the President. |
| 3. Who became President in 1824? |
John Q. Adams.
Clay threw his support to Adams and Adams made him Secretary of State - "corrupt bargain" They were accused of stealing the election from Jackson. |
| 4. What plans did Adams have to help the nation's economy? | Believed federal government should promote economic growth. Goveminent to pay for new roads and canals. Wanted fed. backing for national projects like a national university and observatory. Gov't to support projects to irnprove farming, manufacturing, trade, science, & the arts. |
| 5. What plans did Congress approve? |
to build roads and canals
Congress found his other projects too costly.-also feared fed. gov't would become too powerful. |
| 6. Who won the election of 1828? Why? |
Jackson.
The common people supported him. Adams was seen as an aristocrat. |
| 7.Who could vote in western states? Who can vote today? |
any white man over age 21. any citizen over 18. |
| 8. Were blacks allowed to vote? |
Some N.England states if free.
1820s , most Northern states took back the right. 1830s only a few N. England states allowed free African-Americans to vote. |
| 9. What political parties developed? |
National Republicans (called Whigs in 1834) supported Adams and Clay. business people in East , some southern planters , and former Federalists. Democratic Republicans or Democrats - frontier -Jackson's followers - frontier farmers and factory workers in the East | 10. Why were nominating conventions held (in the 1830s)? | They gave people a more direct voice in choosing candidates |
| Section 2: Jackson in the White House | Section 2: Jackson in the White House |
| 11. What was Jackson's motto? | "Let the people rule." |
| 12. How was he different from earlier Presidents? | Came from the West not wealthy Eastern families; was a self-made man |
| 13.What was the nickname given toJackson by his troops? Why? | The Creeks called him "Sharp Knife". His own men called him "Old Hickory" because he was hard and tough as a hickory tree. |
| 14. Who were the members of the kitchen cabinet? |
Democratic leaders and newspaper editors - men who had a good sense of the nation's
mood. Jackson met with them in the White House kitchen for advice instead of using his
official cabinet.
Only Secretary of State Martin Van Buren was qualified for his cabinet position. |
| 15. Why did President Jackson dislike the Bank of the United States? |
He felt the bank was too powerful: it controlled loans made by state banks; it was
seen as undemocratic although Congress created the bank;
and Jackson believed Nicolas Biddle (bank Pres.) used the bank to benefit only the rich. |
| 16. How did Henry Clay and Daniel Webster make an election issue of the Bank? | They convinced Biddle to apply for early renewal of the bank's charter. They felt most Americans supported the bank. If Jackson vetoed the bill to renew the charter, they felt voters would be angry and Jackson would lose the election |
| 17. What reasons did Jackson give for his veto of the bank? |
a) He declared the bank unconstitutional and believed only states, not the federal
govenment had the right to charter banks b) Jackson felt the Bank helped the rich at the expense of the common people. |
| 18 What were the pet banks? | State banks controlled by Secretary of the Treasury Roger Taney and his friends. These banks now received deposits of federal money. |