September 16, 2002

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Mr. Sedivy's
History Classes:

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- Colorado History -

Colorado History Syllabus
Nine (9) week block schedule - Elective

Prerequisites:
One year American History course work or permission of instructor.

Brief Course Description:
The student will have a basic familiarity with the events and individuals significant in the occupation and development of Colorado, 1800 - 1900.

In addition to classroom work, quizzes, and exams, students will complete the two following requirements:

1. The student will select one book from a reading list and submit a critical review.
2. The student will master a portion of the course material in more depth through research and completion of an eight to ten page narrative term paper, thoroughly documented.

Additionally, this course will meet Social Studies Standards in the following:

Geography:
Place, location, human impact, culture, populations, trends, political, economic, natural resources and spatial behavior.

History:
Cause and effect, problem solving, cultural diversity, state and local government, politics, economic impact, United States military, immigration, technology, transportation, American Civil War, leadership, law, crime and courts, and agriculture.

The majority of material will come from lecture, journal articles, Colorado Magazine, The Westerners Brand, and Western Round Up and various other sources deemed valuable by instructor. Copies of the above will be supplied to students.

Optional textbook: Ubbelohde, A Colorado History, Sixth Edition; Pruett Publishing, Boulder, CO: 1988. 421 pages. $18.95.

Objectives By Topic

The Geographic Setting
Students will learn the three general regions of the state, the origin of the name "Rocky Mountains," the major rivers of the state and the areas and their sources, the early nineteenth century attitudes towards the state's topography and the relative length of the north and south boundary.

Students will be familiar with the geographic locations of the following sites:
Great Plains, Arkansas River, South Platte River, Smoky Hill River, Republican River, Fountain Creek, Cherry Creek, Sand Creek, and Purgatory River; Rocky Mountains, North Park, North Platte River, Middle Park, Colorado (Grand) River, South Park or Bayou Salado, South Platte and Arkansas Rivers, San Luis Valley, Rio Grande River and Clear Creek and Cache La Poudre River; Mesa-Plateau or Western Slope, San Juan Mountains and Brown's Hole.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Great American Desert, Mount Elbert, Montagnes Rocheuses, and Raton Pass.

The Americans Appear 1800-1820
Students will know how the United States first acquired part of Colorado and the boundry dispute and settlement which resulted. Students will be familiar with the objectives, routes and results of the Pike and Long expeditions.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Louisiana, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike, General James Wilkinson, Adams-Onis Treaty, Major Stephen H. Long, Dr. Edwin James, and 'Great American Desert'.

The Mountain Men
Students will have a general knowledge of the Colorado Fur industry and the men involved.

Terms to recognize and identify:
James Purcell, Glenn-Fowler Party, 'Free-Trappers,' Origin of the Cache-la Poudre, Kit Carson, John C. Fremont, 'Peg Leg' Smith, Bill Williams, James Baker, Jim Bridger, and James P. Beckwourth.

Force, Commerce, and Competition
Students will be able to discuss Bent's Fort, its location, ownership, construction, customers, trade products, employees and fate. Students will be able to discuss the trade on the South Platte.

Terms to recognize and identify:
William Becknell, Santa Fe Trail, Charles Bent, William Bent, Ceran St. Vrain, Gantt and Blackwell, Fort Cass, Fort Williams, Bents' Fort, Cimarron Cutoff, Murray, Old Juan, Dick and Andrew Green, Fort Vasquez, Fort Lupton, Fort Jackson, Fort St. Vrain, Fort Uncompahgre, Fort Davy Crockett, Fort Pueblo, and New Bents' Fort.

The Indians
The Arapahoe, Cheyenne, and Utes
Students will be aware of the territory, general cultural characteristics, and how and why these three tribes came to Colorado.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Shoshonean, Algonquin, Sioux-Lakaota, Arapahoe, Pawnee, 'Cut Arms,' Sun Dance, Dog Soldier Society, Sacred Arrows, 'Buffalo Hat," and 'Tatooed Breasts'.

Military Expeditions - Exploration and Conquest of the 1840's
Students will be familiar with the circumstances of Fremont's Expeditions and with American acquisition of the remainder of Colorado in the Mexican War.

Terms to recognize and identify:
John C. Freemont, Kit Carson, 'The Pathfinder of the West,' William Gilpin, American- Mexican War, Colonel Stephen W. Kearney, Taos Rebellion, Treaty of Guadalupe- Hidalfo, Bill Williams, and Captain John Gunnison.

Utes, Anglos and Hispanos, 1846-1857
Students will be familiar with the first permanent settlements and the resulting Ute War.

Terms to recognize and identify:
William Gilpin, Kit Carson, San Luis Valley, Las Animas Grant, San Luis, Conejos Land Grant, Fort Garland, Fort Pueblo Massacre, Colonel Thomas Fauntleroy, Battle of Poncha Pass, Captain Randolph Marcy.

Early Gold and the Year 1858
Students will be familiar with reports of gold in Colorado prior to 1858. Students will know and be able to describe the events and individuals concerned with the gold discoveries and towns founded in 1858.

Terms to recognize and identify:
John Beck, William Greenberry Russell, Auraria, Fall Leaf Lawrence Party, Julia Holmes, St. Charles, William Larimer, Leavenworth Party, Arapahoe County Kansas Territory, Denver City.

The Rush of '59
Students will know the causes, routes, means of travel and hardships of the 1859 Gold Rush.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Pikes Peak, California Gold rush, National Depression, Commersial Promotion by Missouri River Towns, Guide Books, William Byers, Greed and Gullibility, South Platte, Republican, Arkansas (Santa Fe) and Smoky Hill (Smoky Hell) Routes, Sam Peppard, the Blue Brothers and Soleg and Go-Backs.

Prospecting In Pikes Peak, 1859
Students will be familar with the first three significant gold discoveries of 1859.

Terms to recognize and identify:
George Jackson, Clear Creek South Branch, Jackson Diggings, Idaho Springs, Red Rock Camp, Deadwood Diggings, John H. Gregory, Clear Creek North Branch, Dave Wall, Gregory District, Black Hawk, Central City, Nevada City, and Horace Greeley.

The Boom Continues, 1859-61
Students will be familiar with the extents and limits of gold exploration during the Pikes Peak Rush and its effect on Indian relations.

Terms to recognize and identify:
James Reynolds, Abe Lee, California Gulch, Charles Baker, San Juans, Auraria - Denver City, Golden, Colorado City, Canon City and Trinidad, Left Hand, William Byers, William Bent, Albert Boone, Fort Wise Treaty, Little Raven, Black Kettle, White Antelope, and Lean Bear.

The Creation of Colorado Territory
Students will be familiar with the political entities of which Colorado was once a part and the development which led to the creation of Colorado as a federal territory.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Utah Territory, New Mexico Territory, Kansas Territory, Nebrask Territory, Colona Territory, Jefferson Territory, Beverly Williams, Idaho Territory, Tahosa Territory, President James Buchanan, William Gilpin, President Abe Lincoln, Hiram Bennet, Colorado City.

The Civil War in Colorado Territory
Students will know the role of Colorado in the Civil War with special attention to the history of the First Colorado Volunteer Regiment and the guerilla warfare.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Fort Garland, Fort Wise, Fort Lyon, Colonel John Heffinger, Mace's Hole, Colonel Edwin Canby, First Colorado Volunteer Regiment, Colonel John Slough, Lt. Col. Samuel Tappan, Capt. Jim Fords' Company, Capt. Dodds' Company, Fort Weld, 'Pet Lambs,' Maj. John Chivington, $375,000 Warrants, Governor Gilpin, Maj. Henry Sibley, Battle of Valverde, Fort Union, Apache Canyon, Battle of Pigeons Ranch, Battle of La Glorietta, 'Gettysburg of the West,' Governor John Evans, Second Colorado Volunteer Regiment, Madison or Mattison and James Reynolds.

War on the Plains, January - November, 1864
Students will be able to discuss fully the chain of events commencing in April, 1864 which led directly to the attack on Sand Creek.

Terms to recognize and identify:
General Samuel Curtis, Colonel William Collins, Colonel John Chivington, Lt. George Eayre, Lt. Clark Dunn, Freemont's Orchard Battle, Major Jacob Downing, Cedar Canyon, Lean Bear, Left Hand, Fort Larned, Major Ned Wynkoop, Captain Eugene Ware, George Bent, Charley Bent, Hungate Massacre, Evans' Proclamation, Fort Collins, 'Appeal To The People,' Jack Smith, 'On the Prairie,' Elbridge Gerry, One-Eye, Black Kettle, Fort Weld Conference, Bull Bear, Julesburg, Camp Rankin - Fort Sedgwick, Third Colorado Volunteers, and Colonel George Shoup.

Sand Creek
Students will be able to describe the general details of the campaign of the Third Colorado Volunteers.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Little Raven, Ned Wynkoop, Scott Anthony, Fort Lyon, Black Kettle, Left Hand, Third Colorado Volunteers, John Chivington, James Beckwourth, Robert Bent, and Captain Silas Soule.

The Investigations, 1865
Students will be able to discuss and evaluate the various issues, charges and findings of the the official investigations of Sand Creek. Students, in their discussions and evaluations, will indicate a familiarity with the terms and names already introduced such as: Black Kettle, Chivington, Soule, Anthony, John and Jack Smith, Wynkoop, and the Bent Brothers.

Mining and the Mining Camps
Students will be familiar with the process wherby an outcrop of ore generated a booming community and the phases which eventually reduce the community to an abandoned 'Ghost Town'.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Vein or Lode, Blossom Rock, Float, Placer Deposit, Prospectors, Placer Mining, Hard-Rock Mining, Cornwall, 'Cousin Jacks,' Welch from Wales, Muckers, Tommy-Knockers, and High-Grading.

Mining in the 1860's
Students will be familiar with the career of Pat Casey and the manner in which the Rebellious Ore Crisis was resolved.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Pat Casey, 'Night Hands,' Rebellious Ore Crisis, Nathanial Hill, Wales, Black Hawk, Clara Brown, Henry Teller, and Caribou District.

1860's Miscellanies
Students will be able to recognize and identify the following terms: Alexander Cassiday, Jon B. Stetson and J.W. Powell.

The Silver Seventies
Students will know the general developments of the Colorado mining industry from 1870 until 1880 with particular attention to the discovery of the new districts and the emergence of silver as 'King'. Students will be familiar with certain individuals of the period.

Terms to recognize and identify:
San Juans, 'American Alps,' Del Norte, Otto Mears, 'The Pathfinder of the San Juans,' Billy Stevens and Alvinius Wood, Horace Austin Warner Tabor, Leadville, Barney Ford, John Campion, Little Jonny Mine, 'Leadville Johnny,' James J. Brown and Molly.

The Silver King
Students will be familiar with the events and personalities of the Tabor saga.

Terms to recognze and identify:
H.A.W. Tabor, Augusta, Little Pittsburgh, Matchless Mine, Elizabeth McCourt, Baby Doe, Tabor Grand Opera House, Senator Teller, and the 'Crash of '93'.

The Struggle for Statehood, 1861-1876
Students will be familiar with the series of events which eventually resulted in statehood and will be aware of the forces, issues and individuals concerned in the delays.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Enabling Act, Constituent Convention, State Constitution, Attempt of 1864, Denver Crowd, John Evans, David Moffat, John Chivington, Jerome Chaffee, William Byers, Henry Teller, Golden Crowd, William Loveland, Attempt of 1865, President Andrew Johnson, Governor Alexander Cummings, Governor Edward McCook, Tom Patterson, Governor John Routt, President U.S. Grant, 1 August 1876, and Casimior Barela.

Colorado's Pioneer Transportation
Students will be familiar with the building of the railroad system throughout Colorado with special attention to particular lines and promoters.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Russell, Majors and Waddell, Ben Hollady, Wells Fargo and Company, Union Pacific R.R., William Loveland, Colorado Central R.R., General Grenville Dodge, South Pass Route, Denver - Pacific R.R., Cheyenne, Kansas-Pacific R.R., William Jackson Palmer, Denver and Rio Grande R.R., Colorado Springs, 'Little London,' Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe R.R., Denver South Park and Pacific, Raton Pass, 'Uncle Dick' Wooton, Royal Gorge War, Georgetown Loop, Race to Leadville, Otto Mears, and George Pullman.

Mining Camp Amusements
Students will have a general awareness of the types of recreation common to the mining camps.

Terms to identify and recognize:
Liquor, Taos Lightning, Gambling, Faro, Monte, Sundays, Christmas, Fourth of July, Hose Company Races, Hook and Ladder Races, Hard-Rock Drilling Contests, Hotel de Paris, Georgetown, Louis Dupuy, Oscar Wilde, Festival of Mountain and Plain, and Ice Palace.

Pioneer Prostitution
Students will a general knowledge of the prevelance of prostitution and will be acquainted with some of the more notorious participants.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Four Municipal Policies, the Row or the Line, 'Hog Ranches,' Cribs, Parlor Houses, Creepers, Hook-Artists, Panel-Workers, Silver Heels, and Laura Evans.

Frontier Humor and Entertainment
Students will be generally aware of the themes and means which afforded laughter in early Colorado.

Terms to recognize and identify: John Timothy O'Keefe, David Day, Solid Muldoon, Jacob Coors, and Jack Dempsey.

Conflicts, Chinese and Creede
Students will be aware of the frequency of disastrous fires in the early settlements, of the racist discrimination exercised against "Orientals," and of the founding and failure of Creede.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Central City, Nick Creed, David Moffat, Bob Ford, and 'Soapy' Smith.

Cripple Creek
Students wil be familiar with the events and individuals involved in the founding and development of the Cripple Creek District and with some of the significant or colorful experiences and adventures which characterized the District.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Weltys, Mount Pisgah, Bob Womack, Poverty Gulch, Count Pourtalis, Bennet and Meyers, Julian Street, Victor, Joe Wolf, and Gillet.

Winfield Scott Stratton
Students will be familiar with the career of Winfield Scott Stratton.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Winfield Scott Stratton, Battle Mountain, Independence Mine, Portland Mine, Myron Stratton Home, Thomas Walsh, Camp Bird Mine, and Hope Diamond.

Crime and Courts in Colorado
Students will know the general procedures of establishing law and order on the frontier. Students will be familiar with certain individuals, criminals - or law men, who have characterized Colorado History.

Terms to recognize and identify:
Horsewhipping, Banishment, Hanging, Vigilantes, 'Hundred and Five,' Billy Cozens, Jack Slade, Jules Beni, Espinosas, Tom Tobin, Alfred Packer, Polly Pry, Fred Bonfils, Harry Tammen, and the Sells-Floto Circus.

Colorado Agriculture
Students will be familiar with development of agriculture in Colorado.

Terms to recognize and identify:
San Luis Valley, David Wall, Rufus Clark, Horace Greeley, Union Colony, Nathan Meeker, George Swink, Richard Little, Rough and Ready Flour Mill, Dustbowl, and Big Thompson Project.

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- Colorado History In Depth -
Lecture Notes, Reading, and Information:

| The Cheyenne Migration to Colorado |
| The Gratlan Affair, Massacre, Fort Laramie Treaty |

The Cheyenne Social Club
| A Cheyenne War Story: Wolf Road, the Runner |
| Cheyenne Traditions and Beliefs, Sacred Stories |
| Horses, Warriors, War Pipe, Sweatlodge Ceremony |
| Cheyenne War Parties and Battle Tactics |
| The Scalp Dance and Other Cheyenne Dances |

Fort Union
| The Sante Fe Trail and Fort Union |
| Sumner - Ninth Military Department / The First Fort Union |
| Early Arrivals to Fort Union, Daily Life at Fort Union |
| Captain Grover - The New Fort Union, the Confederate Threat |
| Fort Union Arsenal, William Shoemaker, End of Fort Union |

Americans from the East
| Thomas Jefferson, the Louisiana Purchase |
| The Expedition of Zebulon Pike |
| Pikes Peak or Bust / Colorado Gold Rush |

Colorado's Role in the US Civil War
| The Civil War, Fort Wise / Fort Lyon |
| Mace's Hole, Colonel Canby, F.C.V.R. | Fort Weld |
| The Pet Lambs, John Chivington |
| General Henry Sibly, Battle of Valverde, Fort Union |

Cripple Creek District Labor Strikes
| The Western Federation of Miners / State Militia |
| The 1893 - 1894 Strike | The Strike of 1903 - 1904 |
| The Mine Owners Association |
| Crimes and Military Rule in the Cripple Creek District |
| Marshall Law in Cripple Creek District / End of the Strike |
Early Cripple Creek District
| Photos, Fire, and Life in Cripple Creek |
| Other Colorful Towns in the Cripple Creek District:
Gillett - Colorado's Only Bullfight, Victor, Independence |
| A Guide to the Miners' Gritty Lingo |

More Colorado History Information
| Bent's Fort Photos, Personalities, Plans, and More |
| What Was Easter Like at Bent's Fort? |
| Colorado Trivia, Miscellaneous Old Photos,
Western Personalities, Forts, and More |
| Lullabies for Jittery Cows - Cowboy Ballads |
| Heraldry of the Branding Iron |
| Project Aims to Clear Infamous Cannibal, Alferd Packer |
| Lead Gives Alferd Packer's Story More Weight |
| Legendary Colorado Love Stories: Baby Doe Tabor & More |
| Colorado Pioneer Women: Elizabeth Byers |
| Early Denver Jokes / The History of April Fools' Day |

Colorado History Book Review Info
| Colorado History Book Review List |
Sample Critical Book Reviews
| Bent | Summit |

Colorado History Research Activity
| Sand Creek |

Colorado Geography Activities / Worksheets
| Colorado Map Activity | Mountain Passes | Mining Camps |
| Mineral Names | Fun Names | Indian Names | Spanish Names |

Relevant Colorado History Movies - Viewer Worksheets
| Pueblo Cliff Dwellers | Little Big Man |
| A Man Called Horse | Jeremiah Johnson |

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Cool Clicks & Related Links
See Mr. Sedivy's History Links for tons of Colorado History Links