CHRONOLOGY

of the

MARTIAL ARTS

By

Donald M. Husband Jr.

Copyright 1996

All rights resevered.

Do not reproduce publically without authors consent.

Year Place Historical Note
552-710 Japan The Asuka Period: Buddhism introduced during this time period.
552 Korea Buddhism was introduce to the kingdom of Paekche.
594 Korea Prince Shotoku of Paekche proclaimed Buddhism the religion of the state.
604 Japan The Chinese calendar was adopted.
663 Korea Paekche was destroyed by the Chinese loosening the grip of Japan from the mainland, who was Korea's Ally.
710-794 Japan The Nara Period: During this period the Japanese people take up a primitive use of the sword.
794-1185 Japan The Heian Period: This time period the emperor ruled like a god. Political classes were being implemented. Sumo wrestling and Daito-ryu jujitsu (which heavily influenced Aikido) were developed.
1185-1333 Japan The Kamakura Period: The Chinese invade and introduce Zen Buddhism to Japan.
1279-1368 China Yuan Dynasty
1300-1333 Japan Modern Iado, kenjutsu, were being developed by Shigenobu Hayashizaki in a school format.
1300 China Empty hand styles were being codified into five animal classifications. Some of these would later be introduced t Japan as Karate.
1300 Japan The Samurai caste came into existence on the northside of Mt. Fuji.
1333-1568 Japan The Muromachi Period
1336 Japan The Emperor Go-Daigo was forced to flee the throne and a rival emperor sat in Kyoto. Feudalism arrived.
1350 Okinawa Okinawa in trading with China, Korea and Japan introduces foreign fighting systems to the Ryu-Kyus (Okinawa Isles).
1368-1644 China Ming Dynasty
1372 Japan Takenouchi took sumai and kumiuchi tactics combining them to make a new fighting system of jujutsu.
1372 Okinawa King Satto allies himself to the Chinese Ming Emperor. Securing the tie which would eventually bring Chinese Boxing to the Island.
1470 Okinawa King Hashi unites all of Okinawa and bans all weapons.
1543 Japan Portuguese traders land in Japan spreading Christianity, and the use of their guns.
1568-1600 Japan The Momoyama Period: Though guns have come to Japan, swordsmanship reigns supreme. Famous Duelists came to light such as Musashi Miyamoto, Gonosuke Muso, and Tsunenaga Gasekura.
1582 Japan Hideyoshi Toyotomi succeeded Nobunaga Oda bringing relative peace and unifying Japan.
1600-1853 Japan The Edo (Tokugawa) Period: shogunate Era which divided once again the classes in japan.
1600 Japan Ieyasu Tokugawa seizes control of Japan as Shogun.
1600 Japan Will Adams and English seaman arrive in the "Japans" on board a Dutch trading ship. Ieyasu makes Adams a samurai and improves his navy.
1609 Japan The Satsuma clan fails to unseat the Shogun. The clan is given Okinawa to oversee to relieve the Satsuma warriors of their frustration.
1609 Okinawa With the invasion of the Satsuma clan of Japan, weapons are outlawed throughout the islands. To-de (Chinese Hands) was taken underground and split into three distinct groups, Naha, Shuri, and Tomari, although not true styles (or ryu) each had its own system of self defense.
1624 Japan Spaniards were expelled from Japan for fear of military uprising.
1636 Japan The people of Japan were forbidden to travel abroad.
1644-1912 China Ching Dynasty
1648 China Practitioners of Chuan fa retreat to the temples in south China to avoid the Manchu.
1648 Japan Chen Yuan-ping (Chin Gempin in Japanese) fled his homeland of China to avoid the Manchus and became a naturalized Japanese.
1750 Japan Chut Nakanishi invents the fencing glove and redesigns the shinai (bamboo sword) developed by his teacher Jirouemon Ono. Nakanishi also invents the body armor (dohontai) paving the way for Kendo.
1804 Japan Russian envoy, Rezanove, arrives in Japan, initiating modern contact with west.
1853-1868 Japan The Transition Period: During this period the Shogun is forced to resign his office and the emperor is the established leader. Major earthquakes rock Japan further enhancing trade among the Westerners.
1853 Japan Commodore Matthew C. Perry arrives opening up more trade with Japan.
1868-1912 Japan The Meiji Period: The end of Feudalism and the origin of modern Budo.
1868 Okinawa Gichin Funakoshi is born to Gisu Funakoshi.
1877 Okinawa The Satsuma clan rebels against the Meiji Government that it had helped found.
1882 Japan Jiro Kano at age 22 founds his own system of jujitsu called Kodendan Ju(do). He emphasized his art as a do or a way of life, with many ideas, philosophies, and ethics, as well as a pseudo-sport and physical activity in peace time.
1883 Japan Morihie Uyeshiba was born in Tanabe.
1888 Okinawa Gichin Funakoshi becomes a school teacher in the province of Shuri.
1894 Japan

&

Korea

Sino-Japanese war over Korea begins.
1895 Japan Dai Nippon Butokukai founded in Kyoto, Japan.
1902 Okinawa Karate becomes accessible to populous upon a recommendation from Doctors. Gichin Funakoshi begins giving demonstrations.
1903 Okinawa Gichin Funakoshi introduces Karate to Shuri School Districts.
1904 Japan Japan goes to war with Russia. Russians were defeated, but Japan was economically drained.
1906 Okinawa Gichin Funakoshi and students begin giving first public demonstrations of Karate throughout Okinawa.
1906 Korea Duk Ki Song at the age of thirteen begins to learn Tae Kyon from Hue Lim.
1909 Korea Japan annexes Korea. Korean's are banned from being able to practice fighting arts.
1911 Japan All middle school children are required to take either Kendo or Judo.
1912 Okinawa Funakoshi introduces karate to Japanese Imperial Navy, First Fleet.
1914 Okinawa G. Funakoshi organizes hundreds of karate demonstrations all over Okinawa supported by all the Okinawa karate masters.
1917 Okinawa Funakoshi gives Karate demonstration in Kyoto, Japan.
1922 Japan G. Funakoshi arrives from Okinawa to demonstrate Karate-do before the Emperor in Tokyo. He showed that this was a shugyo"an austere discipline" for life, as his instructors had intended and not just a fighting art. Jiro Kano ask Funakoshi to teach him some Karate and Kata.
1923 Japan Gichin Funakoshi's first Dojo is destroyed by an earthquake, in which many of his students die.
1924 Japan First collegiate karate club developed by Funakoshi at Keio University.
1926 Japan G. Funakoshi publishes Rentan Goshin Karate-jutsu, his first book about karate.
1928 Japan Karate Clubs organized at all major college campuses.
1930's Korea Hong Hi Choi "father of Tae Kwondo" begins his martial art training under Han Il Dong, who was trained under Duk Ki Song.
1933 Hawaii First Caucasian taught Karate openly, it was mostly a group of Methodist church men impressed with the aspects of Karate.
1936 Korea Hwang Kee masters Tae Kyon and Soo Bak Do at the age of twenty-two, travels to north China to study the "T'ang Method" of Kung Fu.
1937 Japan Hong Hi Choi begins training in Kyoto under Shotokan instructor Mr. Kim.
1939 Japan Funakoshi changes the Chinese character used in karate (kara) to the Japanese character of kara.
1939 Japan Hong Hi Choi recieves his 1st Dan in Shotokan after two years of intensive training.
1940 USA Lee Jun Fan also named Bruce Lee was born in San Fransisco and family returns to Hong Kong shortly afterwards.
1943 Korea Karate and Kung-fu were officially introduced.
1944 Korea After learning Tae Kyon and Sabak from his neighbors and Shotokan karate from G. Funakoshi in his college years, Byung Jick Ro, opens first dojang in Kae-Sung and Kwan Duk Gung (archery school), which lasted three months due to limited enrollment. He called his style Soong Moo Kwan.
1945 Korea After Korea's liberation Tae Kyon an Sabak resurfaced. Hwang Kee combines his martial knowlege into Tang Soo Do. Many other martial arts begins to come to light. Yun Moo Kwan founded by Sup Chun Sang.
1945 Korea The Chung Do Kwan school the first to have a school and openly teach a empty hand martial. It was founded by Won Kook Lee.
1946 Korea Byung Ro opens second dojang in Kae Sung. this attempt was unsuccessfull due to the onset of the Korean War.
1946 Korea Yun Pyung (aka In Yoon Byung) establishes Chang Moo Kwan at a YMCA. chi Do Kwan is founded by Yon Kue Pyang.
1949 Korea Hong Hi Choi visits Ft Riley Ground General Scholl in Kansas and gave a public demonstration on Korean Karate.
1949-1951 Japan Karate is introduced on American Air Bases. Japan Karate Assosication (JKA) organized, G. Funakoshi, Chief Instructor, N. Nakayama, Asst. Instructor.
1952 Korea President Syngman Rhee orders all soldiers to receive training in the art of Korean Karate.
1953 Korea Byung Ro opens third dojang in Seoul Korea following the Korean War. This time it is successful.
1953 Korea On May 25, nine Grandmasters of the Kwan styles come togther to form the Kung Soo Do Association. Was the first organization developed by the Korean Martial Arts Community.
1953 Korea Oh Do Kwan is founded by Hong Hi Choi .
1955 Korea Conference of masters on April 11, merges the Korean Arts and kwans, they decide to call the unified arts Tae Soo Do.
1956 Japan First official sports karate rules introduced by the Japan Karate Association (JKA).
1956 USA Jhoon Rhee arrives in Texas and teaches the first American Class in Tae Kwon Do.
1956 USA Shotokan is introduced in Los Angeles, California by Tsutomu Ohshima.
1957 Korea Korean master Change unified art of Tae Soo Do to "Tae Kwando"
1957 Japan Gichin Funakoshi dies on April 26 in Tokyo.
1958 USA Jhoon Rhee open begins teaching Taekwando in the US
1958 Korea Hwan Kee Huang, founder of Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan withdraws his membership fomr the Kung Soo do association and establishes the Korean tang Soo Do Association.
1959 Korea Hong HI Choi becomes the president of the Oh Do Kwan.
1959 USA Tsutomo, Ohshima first official karate instructor in the U.S. in (Shotokai).
1959 USA BruceLee begins teaching Gung Fu in Seattle, Washington.
1960's USA Il Joo Kim, Moo Myung Yun, Byung Yul Lee, Joon Pyu Choi, Yang Kyu Yu, Chang Jin Kang, Hin Il Chang, Tae Ryang Chang, begin Soo Muk Kwan dojangs throughout the USA.
1961 USA Sihak Henry Cho opens first "commercial Taekwando school.
1962 North

America

Richard Chun begins teaching in North America.
1964 USA Ark Wong, Master of Wah Que Kung Fu (Praying Mantis Style) opens first official Chinese Kung Fu School on the West Coast.
1964 Canada Chong Lee introduces Taekwondo to Canada.
1965 Japan

&

USA

Japan and USA have first official Karate Championship.
1966 Korea Hong Hi Choi resigns as the President of the Korean Taekwando Association. He founds the ITF and moves the headquarters to Canada.
1969 USA Chojiro Hito organized International Shotokan Karate Association after arrival in the US.
1970 Japan WUKO World Championship held in Tokyo
1973 Hong

Kong

Bruce Lee dies because of a brain hemorage a few weeks before the release of "Enter the Dragon", which would give him world recognition among Martial Artist.
1974 Korea Chung Bong poomse developed by Jay Hyon are first performedd, adding it to Song Moo Kwan's many other poomse, which included Pinan, Chang Hon, and Tae Guek.
1976 USA Hee Sang Ro moves from Korea to North America.
1980 USA Jay Hyon retires from teaching and passes it over to Hee Sang Ro, the sone of Byung Jick Ro.
1982 Japan JKA International Karate Championships replace all Japan Championship in Tokyo.
1988 Korea Taekwondo is introduced as a demonstration sport in the Olympics.
1995 USA Karate is accepted as a offical Pan American games and future Olympic event.

Bibliography


Author Title Magazine Date
Charles James A Martial History of Japan Kick Illistrated April 1993
Dickson, Walter Japan Nations of the World 1948
Edsel A Griffin History of Okinawa/

Japanese Martial Arts

The Black Book/ Ed.

Kelly J Nolt

1995
Frankovich, Rober The Song Moo Kwan/ Its History and Evolution Inside Tae Kwon Do Dec

1994

Funakoshi, Gichin Karate-Do My way of Life
Funakoshi, Gichin Karate-Do Koyan-

Intorductory to the Master Text

Lou Mikeilsen Karate-Do: The Holistic Approach Agean Press 1983
Burdick, Dakin A History of Tae Kwon Do 1990

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