NOD II FIELD LIST AND GLOSSARY

To Submit Field List Changes:

Send message through the member's secured URL. If possible include a small sample *.nod file showing an implementation of the field changes.

Recent Changes:

™   - Internet notation for trademark may be included in headings
®     - Internet notation for registered trademark may be included.
so        - source field now accepts HREF web links. See format below.
req       - MAILTO Data Request. Similar to the 'em' (email field) but
		  specific data types are sought. 
**        - plant selection subcode. See examples below.
li        - reserved colors for literature citations are stated below.
		- now accepts links to CD-ROM and books sources online after
		  the full citation.
llobe     - leaf lobe. New field.
subg      - subgenus. New field.
sect      - section. New field.
pw        - password posting. See below.
ex(Name)  - used to express different opinions experts have of a taxon
		  as is done in taxonomic literature. This can be used to
		  express differences in clones or help sort out confused
		  cultivars as described in the literature. See example below.
roy       - royalty. New field is used to note any reassignments, charitable
		  uses, or organizational holdings not listed in the 'pat' (patent)
		  field. 
aff       - affinity to taxon such as hybrid that resembles a given
		  species or another cultivar. New field. 
mpi       - MPI (Microcomputer Plant Identification) system link now
		  can support web-based keys such as fagus.piw, cornus.piw,
		  etc. when full URL is given. You must be a user of both
		  NOD II and MPI to make full use of these links.
grex      - new field to be used as alternative to 'cvg'
ltex      - leaf texture. To be used with 'lt' (leaf thickness) and
			 lv (leaf vestiture) if needed. New field. 
em        - email address or MAILTO anchor. New field. 
reg       - registration. All cultivar registration data is included in
		  this field and 'rd' (registration date) is mostly eliminated.
		  Users should indicate whether it is IRA, COPF, or another
		  body that handles these matters. 
rd        - registration date. Field no longer used. 
web       - Internet URL. Notes differences below for NOD vs. HTML format
		  of the file containing the reference. 
poll      - pollination recommendation. Include named pollinators or 
		  list of which female clones can be pollinated. New field. 
lfr       - leaf fragrance. New field. 
frf       - fruit fragrance. New field.
om        - origination method - put under 'or' (origin) when possible.
ch        - cold hardiness - must specify USDA, Canada, or other system when coding. 
au        - author of plant name. If cultivar put data under 'or' (origin)
		  instead. Reserve this field for botanical names please. 

Primary Field Glossary

**  = plant selection subcode. This is added to the end of any name (*)
	 heading and denotes the beginning of searchable codes or abbreviations
	 used in the database. You can concatenate a string from user input 
	 to make selection of cultivars easier. A simple example:
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Snow Magic' **fullwhitelate
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Ice King' **fullwhiteearly
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Sunshine' **fullgoldlate
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Snow Baby' **dwarfwhitelate
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Pristine' **medwhitemid
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Angelic' **medwhitelate
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Bany Gold' **dwarfgoldmid
		    *Plantus vulgaris 'Smith White' **medwhitelate
	 You can be less obvious with codes like **FWL, **DWE, **MWM if you
	 wish. A software program or script can also parsh the document
	 for added database functionality. Software is available to members
	 to process these kinds of files. 
< > = brackets reserved for Internet links and tags. Please do not use
	 these in future NOD II documents except when adding HTML content.
&   = symbol and icon notation for Internet versions of NOD II. Please
	 avoid this notation in future documents. For example ™ can
	 be used for an unregisted trademark on a cultivar name. Example:
			 *Plantus minus 'Baby Blue' ®
@   = author citation line (must be first line in file). To be certain
	 the line is viewed in all web-based versions you may include
	 some 'li' (literature) lines at the beginning of the document.
*   = plant name, society name, or major instruction. This is a
	 heading marker and separates a plant or topic for others.
	 If using NOD2HTML.EXE (NOD to HTML Conversion Utility) any
	 fields codes with * will be made bold-faced headings.
    - reserved color: medium or grass green is used for new or recent
	 addition to NEW PLANT PAGE and linked NOD II documents. These
	 alert frequent users to material that has been added or changed
	 in interval that may be stated at the top of each document.
#   = run related file (v2.6+ only) such as #pinus.nod, #cercis.mpi
    - command will load a function key during display
ad  = postal address such as society, registrar - NOT nursery source. Use
	 'em' (email),  or 'web' (web link) for electronic addresses.
afc = autumn foliage color. Use 'lc' for spring and summer colors.
aff = affinity to taxon. (ie. Plantus 'Gold Pillar' aff:  P. erecta but
	 with hirsute buds and red petiole. Possible hybrid to P. rubra.)
au  = author of plant name (not the datafile)
aw  = awards such as RHS A.M. 1994 or AARS 1989.
bk  = bark (include color, pattern, exfoliation type)
br  = bracts (include color, dimensions, shape). If these are flower-like
	 bracts use the flowering (fc, fd, fq) fields instead. 
bt  = bloom time (ie. May 15-23 in Metropolis in 1991)
bud = buds (include color, unusual form, shape, etc.)
ch  = cold hardiness (ie. USDA 7b, floral buds to -12 F.). Please note
	 if you are using Canadian, European, Arnold Arboretum, or other
	 hardiness maps.
cn  = common names (include only unusual or notable ones)
cvg = cultivar group (ie. Plumose, Rosybloom, Glauca). 'grex' may also
	 be used if more appropriate to the taxa. You may wish to include
	 this as part of name heading (*) such as: 
		*Plantus vulgaris (Albus Group) 'White Star'
dr  = disease resistance (ie. blackspot, fireblight). If possible name
	 Latin name of pest and strains thereof.
em  = e-mail address for source, contact, study group, registrar,
	 society etc. If the file is in HTML format please use a complete
	 MAILTO anchor so users can click and send. However, email anchors
	 are allowed in other fields such as 'so' (source) and may be
	 more helpful to readers. A general example:
    em: plantnut@anysite.net 
	    + requests plants for breeding program

ev(Name) = Evaluation by (name) such as evHatch: 'Sun Bright'
    burns in sun less in NC than 'Aurea' but roots only 30-45%
    - users may submit written comments to be added this way.
ex(Name) = of or according to (Name). Use two or more fields to 
    distinguish opinions of experts as to the characteristics of the
    taxon. (exJones: leaf margins mottled creamy white; plants dwarf.)
		 (exSmith: leaves mottled pink and white throughout; plants 
			  full-sized.)
fc  = flower color
fd  = flower diameter or length. Use whichever measure is common and
	 note for clarity. (ie. 4.5-5.2cm long)
ff  = flower fragrance (ie. spicy scent, little or none)
fot = foliage type (ie. juvenile, adult in Cupressaceae)
frc = fruit color
frd = fruit diameter or length (use common measure)
frf = fruit fragrance.
frq = fruit quantity (ie. abundant, 30-40/infruct.)
frs = fruit shape (ie. globose, ovoid)
frt = fruit time such as late September in Anytown OH.
fq  = flower quantity (abundance)
ft  = flower type (ie. campanulate, whorled, funnelform). Use 'it' 
	 for inflorescence type (ie. panicle, cyme, corymb, spike)
gr  = growth rate or vigor (ie. 20-30cm a year when young)
    - many are included under ht: as well.
grex = grex group. Also consider 'cvg' (cultivar group)
ha  = habit or form such as globose, pyramidal, decumbent
hp  = hybrid parentage (notes or formula)
    - include on * line to maximize searches for parents.
hsp = herbarium specimens such as J. Doe 3453 (AA)
ht  = height of plant in feet or meters (give years)
id  = identification notes, chart, etc. Include references to
	 MPI under new 'mpi' field. Photos should be under 'li' or
	 'web' in some cases. 
ih  = inflorescence height (use also iw)
in  = introduction to trade or to entire country.
    - separate from or: (origin) which does not imply sales.
iq  = inflorescence quantity - relative abundance. Use fq for
	 number of flowers per inflorescence
it  = inflorescence type
iw  = inflorescence width or diameter
la  = leaf apex (ie. acuminate, obtuse). Note if leaf, leaflet, lobe, etc.
lb  = leaf base (ie. cuneate, cordate). Note if leaf, leaflet, lobe, etc.
lc  = leaf color
ld  = leaf duration (ie. evergreen, deciduous in NY, semi-evergreen in 
	   USDA zone 7)
lfr = leaf fragrance: scent of crushed foliage or other vegetative
	 parts like stems and bracts. Used to date chiefly to 
	 describe herbs like Thymus where scent varies cultivar
	 to cultivar. 
li  = literature - use format desired or Author. Year.
	 Title. Journal or Publisher. City. 
    - software titles should be cited as any other reference.
    - nursery catalogs such as:  Smith Nur. 1993: 2-3, 7 (photo).
    - cite other *.nod files as included by author on @ line.
    - reserved colors:  dark red or maroon (online article)
				    gold (NOD format checklist or monograph)
    - WARNING! Links to NOS member's website pages or other author's
	   private pages may be a federal copyright violation. Please
	   be careful to obtain permissions before linking documents
	   that are not your own.
    - links to other NOD II documents should be given a full citation
	 such as:     li: New Ornamentals Society. 2001. Plantus.nod. NOS. Raleigh
				   NC. view document

    - to provide an online source for a book or software program
	 after the full citation add a simple tag such as:
		 Smith, J. 1998. Guide to Modern Plantus. Hortimania Press.
		    Plantsburg, Iowa. book source (Hortimania)

		 Smith, J. 1999. The Plantus Database v1.4 Windows 95. Smithsoft. 
		    Jonesville, MI. 
		    software source (SmithSoft)

	 DO NOT MAKE LINKS OF THE AUTHOR OR PUBLISHER NAMES IF PART
	 OF THE MAIN CITATION. Place contacts to authors, institutions,
	 and publishers in 'ad' (address) or 'em' (email) fields.
ll  = leaf length in inches or centimeters. If measuring leaflets
	 as would be done in compound-leaved plants please note which
	 is measured. 
llobe  = leaf lobes. Describe number, shape, orientation, etc. This field
	    has been split off from 'ls' (leaf shape) as it may become very
	    large in some descriptions.
lm  = leaf margin or 3 dimensionality
ls  = leaf shape (ie. lanceolate, ovate, cordiform)
lsp = living specimens such as Metro. Bot. Gard. #89012
lt  = leaf thickness (except margins which are under lm:)
ltex = leaf texture
lu  = landscape uses
lv  = leaf vestiture or coating . Include hairs or surface features
	 including glaucescence (blue waxiness).
lw  = leaf width in inches or centimeters
mpi = MPI (Microcomputer Plant Identification) link to key. Should
	 use official filename from system or if user-created should be
	 in the form of [genus or group].mpi if using disk-based system.
	 If key is web-based use [genus or group].piw that reference
	 is to URL for key. Refer to the MPI Developer's Kit for
	 further details.
ns  = nomenclature status (notes on naming history)
om  = original method (ie. bud sport, seedling)
or  = origin (garden only)(include person, place, date).
pat = patent (ie. US #1234 or PPAF 1989). Include European or
	 Canadian Plant Breeder's Rights here.
pet = petioles and petiolules (leaf stalks)
ph  = photograph link. You may also use the ℑ icon or any other
	 as desired. Example:
		   *Plantus major 'Ruby Tower'
		   ph: 

		   ph:  habit photo (Big Grower Inc.)
 
pl  = ploidy level (ie. tetraploid or triploid)
poll = pollination recommendations. If clone is female or male be certain to
	  include the 'sex' field under the taxon. 
pr  = pest resistance (ie. aphids, mites, borers)
prop = propagation notes and observations. Examples:
		    prop: roots up to 85% from cuttings unlike most cvs.
		    prop: best when grafted onto Plantus minor
pw   = password posting. This field is being used by some authors
	  to provide a password for anyone reading a particular section.
	  This can be useful if wish to provide the password in only
	  some versions of your NOD II file.
rai = replacement, alternative, improvement (ie. replaces
	 species, redder bark than 'White Queen')
rd  = registration date (IRA or COPF published years). Most
	 editors use 'reg' now for all data. Use is discouraged.
reg = registration information. Can replace 'rd' as a single
	 field for all data. IRA (International Registration Authority)
	 is assumed unless you specify other authorities or agencies. 
	 When possible include name of registrant, date of registration,
	 and cite published registration using an 'li' field.
req = MAILTO Data Request. Similar to the 'em' (email field) but
		  specific data types are sought. Orange is the reserved
		  color for MAILTO requests on the NEW PLANT PAGE but
		  this is optional for other users. 
roy = royalties. Usually noted under 'pat' (patent) but this field
	 is useful to note any assignments of royalities to other parties,
	 organizations, and charitable purposes. 
sect = section. Use the taxonomic Section name only.
sex = sex of clone (Ilex, Juniperus, Fraxinus, etc.). Note the new
	 field 'poll' (pollinator) which be grouped nearby.
so  = source (retail mailorder ones given preference). Data can be a
	 mailing address, phone number, fax, web site URL. Web listings
	 should be in this format:
   so: source (Mega Nursery>
      
sp = specimens such as 'lsp' (living) and 'hsp' (herbarium)
stc = strobilis (cone) color 
std = strobilis (cone) dimensions or diamter
stq = strobilis (cone) quantity
stv = strobilis (cone) vestiture or glaucescence
stp = soil type preference. Field is largely unused to date. 
syn = synonyms such as Plantus communis 'Smithii Nanus'
	- include major synonyms on * (plant name) line
	- in web versions you may wish to anchor and link to synonyms
	  in another document for quicker reference. Example:
		 *Plantus 'Goldie' = 
				  Pseudoplantus 'Goldie'

subg = subgenus. Use official taxonomic names.
tc  = tepal count (Magnolia)
tm  = trademark (ie. Snow Mountain - not nodsnow)
tsp = thorns, spines, prickles. If possible include density per
	 unit of stem, color, size, etc. if atypical.
tw  = twigs and stems (note color, shape, position)
web = full Internet or World Wide Web URL. If the file is
	 in HTML format please use a full A HREF clickable
	 citation. If using an MPI-related link use the 'mpi' field
	 instead. Email MAILTO anchors should be put under 'em'. If
	 the reference is literature (book, article, CD-ROM, software)
	 it should be included in the 'li' (literature) field. 
wd  = width of plant in feet or meter (include years). Many users
	 now simply use 'ht' (height) so measurements can be paired
	 more meaningfully such as 'ht: 35-40 ft. tall x 12-16 ft. wide in
	 12 years'.

STANDARDIZED FIELD ORDER

We have always maintained that the NOD fields should be kept as flexible and free-form as possible to accomodate the needs of authors and users. However in preparing the society-developed files we generally use a comfortable seq- ence of information. This roughly follows many botanical studies but is not manditory.

* [plant name][synonyms]**[selection codes]
[address or contact fields such as ad, em, web]
hp: (hybrid parentage)
ha: (habit)
ht: (height x width in x years)
gr: (growth rate)
[stem fields such as tw, tsp, bk]
[flowers and inflor. fields such as fc, fq, fd, it, bt]
[fruit fields such as frc, frq, frd]
[vegetative fields such as lc, ll, lw, lm, afc]
[history fields such as or, in, tm, pat, reg]
[taxonomic fields such as ns, id, lsp, hsp]
so: (sources)
li: (literature)

GUIDELINES AND CONCEPTS FOR ASSIGNING DESCRIPTIONS TO FIELDS

Conifers: Use 'std', 'stc', 'stq', and 'stv' to describe the size, color,
		quantity, and surface of strobili or cones. The 'fot' field is
		used to note the relative adult vs. juvenile foliage type or
		percentage mixes. Users also can include notes about the
		size, density, and form of the smaller branching sprays under
		'fot' though 'ha' (habit) is often used to describe this on
		smaller conifers. By tradition we have often used 'afc' (autumn
		foliage color) to describe winter bronzing or the lack thereof
		in coniferous genera. Also use 'cvg' (cultivar group) since
		these are especially useful to know in many genera like
		Chamaecyparis, Juniperus, Picea, and Tsuga. 

Diseases:           Use 'pr' (pest resistance) for all pests whether
				insect, fungus, bacteria, or other organism.
				You may wish to include an 'rai' note to compare
				and contrast with other taxa's resistance.

Flower Size:        Use 'iw' for inflorescence (head) width or di-
				ameter and use 'ih' for inflorescence (head)
				height. Individual small flowers are described
				with 'fd' (flower diameter or length). You can
				also add additional named fields in full text
				such as 'tepal length', 'tepal width', 'bract
				length', etc. Do not abbreviate those if the
				file is distributed to society members. The 
				NOS will certified new abbreviations and add
				them here as authors request new terms.

Foliage Color: use 'lc' (leaf color) for all seasons except fall or cool
		  seasons when you use 'afc' (autumn foliage color). Winter
		  bronzing in conifers and broadleaf evergreens can be
		  entered under 'afc' if desired.

History of Cultivars: Use 'or' (origin) for the basic who, what, when,
			 where, and how the plant was developed or found.
			 Include 'in' (introduction) if the introducer
			 is not the originator.

Internet links: When creating or modifying a NOD II file for HTML use
		'li' (literature), 'em' (email), 'mpi' (MPI) and 'web' 
		(URL links) fields. You may of course include URL links in 
		'so' (source) and 'or' (origin) for contacting those individuals.
		The * prefix will be converted to bold headings when
		using NOD2HTML.EXE, the conversion program. Refer to various
		checklist documents on the NEW PLANT PAGE as examples.

Photographs: Include in 'li' (literature) with a full citation if possible. 
		   If a Internet-based use a URL in the 'web', 'so' (source), or 
		   other fields. If the image is mainly linked from your document
		   you may use the 'ph' (photograph) field such as way to pull
		   up a GIF or JPEG file. For software CD-ROMs treat as with any 
		   other literature reference, using if necessary the publisher 
		   as the author. When possible make an URL links very direct 
		   to the image rather than referring users to a home page with 
		   photos twelve levels down!
				
Scent of parts:     'ff' (flowers), 'lfr' (leaves, vegetative parts), and
				'frf' (fruit)