1. Ambiguity - When two or more independent sources of information do not agree.

2. Fixation or Preoccupation - The attention of the crew is focused on one item, event, or condition to the exlusion of all other activity in the cockpit.

3. Empty Feeling or Confusion - When a pilot or other crew member is unsure of the state of the aircraft or its condition.

4. Violating Minimums - When minimums are intentionally violated or consideration is given to doing so.

5. Undocumented Precedure - When consideration is given to the use of an undocumented procedure or when an undocumented procedure is in fact used.

6. Nobody Flying the Aircraft - This may be a result of the second step, fixation or preoccupation, but may also occur in routine flight conditions. Because aicraft accident files are filled with cases where no one was delegated to fly the aircraft, the captain must specifically delegate this responsibility by stating, "I'll fly the airplane and you take care of the problem" (or vice versa).

7. Nobody Looking Out the Window - With the use of new sophisticated flight management computers, the possibility of both pilots being "heads down" at the same time is certainly real.

8. Failure to Meet Targets - When parameters or expectations of events are not met, such as expected fuel burn or anticipated takeoff thrust settings.

9. Unresolved Discrepancies - When confusion, questions, or statements of concern are not resolved.

10. Departure from Standard Operating Procedure - When the standard operating procedure is not used at the appropriate time.