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PHILADELPHIA

The Disposal of Treated Sewage Sludge at Sea


Following are page-by-page scans of an article by Ben Oostdam
concerning the effects of ocean dumping of sewage sludge in the 1970's:


first page (p.313)
..........Title Page and Contents

second page (p.314)
..........Abstract, Introduction

third page (p.315)
..........Methods: Field

fourth page (p.316)
..........Methods: Laboratory
..........Results

fifth page (p.317)
..........Results (cont.)
..........Short-Term

sixth page (p.318)
..........Results (cont.)
..........Short-Term

seventh page (p.319
..........Results (cont.)
..........Short-Term

eighth page (p.320)
..........Results (cont.)
..........Short-Term

ninth page (p.321)
..........Results (cont.)
..........Intermediate-Term

tenth page (p.322)
..........Results (cont.)
..........Intermediate-Term

eleventh page (p.323)
..........Results (cont.)
..........Long-Term

twelfth page (p.324)
..........Photomicrographs of Philadelphia Sewage Sludge
..........and Diver-Collected "Floc", October 27, 1974

thirteenth page (p.325)
..........Floc, Shells, and Sand Dollar on Seafloor
..........Below Barge Track at the Interim Sewage Sludge
..........Dump Site, October 27, 1974

fourteenth page (p.326)
..........Results (cont.):
..........Elemental Concentrations in Sediments

fifteenth page (p.327)
..........(TABLE) Elemental Concentrations in the Surface Sediments

sixteenth page (p.328)
..........(TABLE) Elemental Concentrations in the
.......... Surf Clam Spisula solidissima

seventeenth page (p.329)
..........Results (cont.):
..........Elemental Concentrations in Sediments
..........(includes graph of concentrations of Cd and Hg in cores)

eighteenth page (p.330)
..........Elemental Concentrations in the Surf Clam
..........Spisula solidissima
..........Discussion of the Environmental Changes at the
.......... Sewage Sludge Dump Site

eighteenth page (p.331)
..........Discussion of the Environmental Changes at the
.......... Sewage Sludge Dump Site (cont.)

nineteenth page (p.332)
.......... Closing Remarks

twentieth page (p.333)
.......... Acknowledgements

twentyfirst page (p.334)
.......... References

twentysecond (final) page (p.335)
.......... References (cont.)

first version: November 1, 1997; reorganized January 7,14 1999..BLO
old file name=http://www.millersv.edu/~ehem/pa/Phila_Sludge.html;
new file name=http://members.tripod.com/~PA_Sludge/html/Phila_sludge.html

to go to:


PA Sludge Index Page
or
General Sludge Index Page
or
Ben Oostdam's Home Page and Index