1951
NOTABLE DEATHS
J. S. Coxey, U.S. businessman who led "Coxey's Army" to Washinton, D.C., to protest against unemployment, (b. 1854)
William Randolph Hearst, American newspaper proprietor, (b. 1854)
Crown Prince William of Prussia, eldest son of Willian 11,, (b. 1882)
Arnold Schonberg, (b. 1874)
Constant Lambert, English composer and conductor, (b. 1905)
Huddie Ledbetter ("Leadbelly"), folk singer and composer, (b. 1888)
John Erskine, American author, (b. 1879)
Fanny Brice, famous as "Baby Snooks", (b. 1891)
Sinclair Lewis, (b. 1885)
Harold Ross, "New Yorker" editor, (b. 1892)
Maxim Litvinov, former U.S.S.R. Foreign Minister, (b. 1876)
Henri Pertain,
(b. 1856)
SPORTS/IT HAPPENED
Hank Marino elected Amer. Bowler of the Half Century
Color television is first introduced (in U.S.)
New York defeats Brooklyn in playoff of tied American League pennant race, then goes on to lose World Series, 4-2, to New York (NL)
"Citation" wins Hollywood Gold Cup horserace bringing his total winnings to more than $1 million.
"Jersey" Joe Walcott knocks out Ezzard Charles in seventh round to win world heavyweight boxing title.
Michigan defeats California to win Rose Bowl football game 14-6.
SCIENCE/MEDICINE
Electric power produced from atomic energy at Arcon, Idaho.
J. Andre-Thomas devises a heart-lung machine for heart operations.
Approx. 400,000 pounds of penicillin and 350,000 pounds of streptomycin produced in the U.S. during the year.
Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology: Max Theiler (U.S.) for his work on yellow fever vacine.
Nobel Prize for Chemistry: Edwin M. McMillan (U.S.) and Glenn T. Seaborg (U.S.) for their discovey of plutonium.
MUSIC FIELD
Popular Songs
"Hello Young Lovers"
"Getting To Know You"
Shrimp Boats"
"Come On-a My House"
"Cry"
"In The Cool, Cool, Cool Of The Evening"
"Kisses Sweeter Than Wine"
Gian Carlo Menotti: "Amahl and the Night Vistitors," opera written on commission for NBC-TV
VISUAL ARTS/FILMS
Salvador Dali: "Christ of St. John on the Cross"
Films:
"The African Queen" (John Houston)
"Miracle In Milan" (de Sica)
"An American In Paris", Acadamy Award, IGene Kelly, Minnelli)
"Viva Zapata" (Elia Kazan)
"Strangers on a Train" (Hitchcock)
"A Streetcar Named Desire" (Brando)
Brit. Film Censors introduce "X certificate" classification
Fred Waller (U.S.) invents cinerama
THEATER/LITERATURE
Robert Frost: "Complete Poems"
Carl Sandburg: "Complete Poems"
J.D. Salinger: "The Catcher in the Rye"
Herman Wouk: "The Caine Mutiny," Pulitzer Prize novel (1952)James Jones: "From Here To Eternity"
Tennessee Williams: "The Rose Tatoo"
Catherine Marshall: "A Man Called Peter"
Rachel Carson: "The Sea Around Us"
MILITARY/POLITICS
N. Korean forces break through at 38th parallel, take Seoul and reject Amer. truce offers; Seoul retaken; General MacArthur relieved of Far East command; new N. Korean offensive; further attempts to negotiate and armistice fail; UN forces capture "Heartbreak Ridge" north of Yanguu; armistice negotiations at Panmunjom begin, but fail.
Mossadegh becomes Prime Minister of Iran.
King Abdullah of Jordan assassinated in Jerusalem.
Peace treaty with Japan signed in San Francisco.
Peron reelected President of Argentina.
22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed by Congress: provides for maximum of two terms (eight years) service as president and one term for vice presidents succeeding to the presidency who have already served more than two years.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are sentenced to death for espionage against the U.S.; their confederate, Morton Sobell, to 30 years imprisonment.
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