383 ¸Þµð½¼ ¿¡¹ö´º, ´º¿å½Ã

383 Madison Avenue, New York City

 

           

 

[±×¸²¼³¸í] ¼³°è¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¥¸¸Å­À̳ª ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ±â¼úÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦½ÃµÈ µÎ °¡Áö ÁÖµÈ Á¦¾à»çÇ×Àº (1) Äڵ忡 ±ÔÁ¤µÈ °Ç¹°ÀÇ ÈÄÅð¿Í (2) Çϴܺο¡¼­ clear-span trading floors¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çʿ伺À̾ú´Ù. ±âÃÊ¿¡¼­ ÆîÃÄÁú ÁöÇÏö·ÎÀÇ Çʿ伺ÀÌ ¼¼ ¹ø° Á¦¾àÀ¸·Î ´ëµÎµÇ¾ú´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î µµÃâµÈ ¼³°è´Â Áö»óÀÇ °Ç¹°À» ¼¼ °³ÀÇ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ ±¸¿ªÀ¸·Î ºÐÇÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù : ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® ¹Ù´ÚÆÇ ; "¾î±ú" Æ®·¯½º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »óºÎ¿¡ ÇÔ²² ¹­ÀÎ Áß°£ ·¹º§ÀÇ »ç¹«¼Ò ¹Ù´ÚÆÇ ; ±×¸®°í ±× ¾î²²¿¡ ¿Ã¶ó¼± ºÎ°¡ÀûÀÎ 20 ÃþÀÇ °ø°£. À§ÀÇ ¿ÞÂÊ ±×¸²Àº Ÿ¿öÀÇ 1/4ÀÇ ±¸Á¶ ¿¢¼Ò³ë¸ÞÆ®¸¯ÀÌ´Ù. °Ç¹°ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÃÇùȸ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Àç°ËÅ䳪 ½ÂÀÎÀ» À§ÇØ ¾ÆÁ÷ Á¦½ÃµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡, Æò¸éÀ̳ª °ÇÃàÀû ÀÔ¸éÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷ ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ±â¼úÀº ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¹ß°£µÉ RECORD¿¡¼­ ¼±º¸¿©Áú °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

The two major constraining factors cited by the engineer as influential to the design were the building setbacks designated by code, and the need for clear-span trading floors at the base. The necessity of straddling subway tracks at the foundation posed a third constraint. The design that resulted divides the building above grade into three distinct zones : the concrete trading floors ; mid-level office floors tied together at the top by a "shoulder" truss ; and 20 stories of additional space resting on the shoulder. The drawing at left is a structural axonometric of one quarter of the tower. Because the building has not been presented for review and approval by the civic institutions responsible, no plans or architectural elevations are shown. Complete coverage of the project will appear in an upcoming issue of RECORD.

 

¸£¸Þ½´¸®¾îÀÇ °¡Àå ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ÃÊ°íÃþ °Ç¹° ¼³°è´Â ¸ÇÇÏź¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÇÑ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¦¾ÈÀÌ´Ù. ±× ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ °ÇÃà°¡ÀÎ KPF´Â ±×µéÀÇ °ÇÃàÁÖ¿¡°Ô´Â ÃÖ´ëÇÑ "ÇöÀçÀÇ ±Ç¸®"°¡ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â µÑ·¹(ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀÌ ºÒ¿ÏÀüÇÔ¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇϽʽÿÀ[¹ø¿ªÀÚ])¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é¿¡, »ó´çÈ÷ ÁÖÀÇÇؼ­ ½ÃÀÇ ±ÔÁØÀ» ÁؼöÇϱâ À§ÇØ °Ç¹° µÑ·¹¿¡ ¸ðµç ÇʼöÀûÀÎ ÈÄÅ𸦠°í¼öÇß´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î »ý±ä À§·Î °¥¼ö·Ï ÁÙ¾îµé°í ÈÄÅðÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº µÎ °¡Áö °¡´ÉÇÑ ±¸Á¶Àû ÇعýÀ» °¡´ÉÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù. ù°´Â, °Ç¹°ÀÌ Á߽ɰ£ 10ÇÇÆ® Á¤µµ ¶³¾î¶ß·Á Æò¸éÀÇ ¿Ü°û¿¡ Âß ¹èÄ¡µÈ ±âµÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ÁöÁöµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¾ÈÀº µÎ °¡Áö ÁÖµÈ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÀÎÇØ °ÅÀýµÇ¾ú´Ù : ±âÇÏÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î º¹ÀâÇØ ¸¶Ä¡ ¾Ç¸ùÀ» ²Ù´Â °Íó·³ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é °Ç¹°ÀÌ ¿Ã¶ó°¥¼ö·Ï ¾ÈÂÊÀ¸·Î ±â¿ï°Ô µÇ¾î °¢ÃþÀÇ »ç¹«½Ç ¹Ù´ÚÀ» µ¶Æ¯ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.(»ç¹«½Ç ¹Ù´ÚÀº Á¤¹æÇü ¼­ºñ½º Äھ ÀÇÇØ ±³Â÷µÇ´Â ±×¸®½º ½ÊÀÚ°¡ÀÇ ¸ð¾çÀ¸·Î °èȹµÈ´Ù.) ±×¸®°í, °Ç¹°ÀÇ °¡ÀåÀÚ¸®¿¡ ±âµÕÀ» ¹èÄ¡ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á âÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ÁøÀÔÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. µÎ ¹ø°ÀÇ ´õ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ Á¢±Ù¹ýÀº »ç¹«¼Ò ¸ðµâ·Î¼­ À¯¿ëÇÑ °Å¸®°¡ µÇµµ·Ï °Ç¹° ³»ºÎ·Î ±¸Á¶¹°À» ²ø¾î´ç±â´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.ÀÌ·± Á¢±Ù¹ýÀ» °¡Áö°í¼­, ±â¼úÀÚ´Â Àü´ÜÀ» ¹Þ°í Áß·ÂÇÏÁßÀ» ¸Å 8Ãþ ¸¶´ÙÀÇ ¹Ù´ÚÀÇ ÇÑÁ¡¿¡ Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â °¡»õºÎÀ縦 »ç¿ëÇÑ ±¸Á¶¹°À» ¼³°èÇß´Ù. »ç¿ì¾²¿þ½ºÆ® ÀºÇà¿¡¼­ ¾²ÀÎ °¡»õ¿Í °°ÀÌ 383 ¸Þµð½¼ ¿¡ºñ´º Ÿ¿öÀÇ Àü´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¸Á¶¹°µµ ¼­ºñ½º Äھ ±ÔÁ¤Çϱâ À§ÇØ °¡»õ¸¦ ±³Â÷½ÃŲ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ °ÇÃàÀû ÇüÅÂ¿Í °øÇÐÀû ÇüÅÂÀÇ Á¶È­¸¦ ÃÖÀûÈ­ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.(±¸Á¶¹°À» ³»ºÎ¿¡ Á¦ÇÑÇÔ¿¡ À־, °ÇÃà°¡´Â ÆÄ»çµå¸¦ Á¶Á÷Çϴµ¥ ´õ Å« À¯¿¬¼ºÀ» ¾ò°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.)

LeMessurier's most recent super-tall building design is a proposal for a site in Manhattan. The architects for the project, Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, took great care to maintain all necessary setbakcs in the building envelope to conform to municipal codes while providing their client with a maximum "as of right" envelope. The resulting taperings and setbacks suggested two possible structural solutions. First, the building could be supported by columns placed around the periphery at about 10 ft on center. This was rejected for two major reasons : It would lead to a nightmare of geometric complexity since the building slopes inward as it rised, making each office floor unique.(Office floors are planned in the shape of a Greek cross intersected by a square service core.) And, placing columns at the building's edge would restrict window access. A second and more favorable approach was to pull the structure within the building interior at a dimension useful as an office module. With this approach, the engineer designed the structure with diagonal members that will take shear and transfer gravity loads to points at every eighth floor. Like the bracing in the Bank of the Southwest, the shear structure for the 383 Madison Avenue tower will cross to define the service core, thus optimizing the congruence of an architectural and engineering form.(In confining the strucuture to the interior, the architects were afforded greater liberty in organizing the facade.)

 

±¸Á¶Ã¼´Â °í°­µµ ö±ÙÄÜÅ©¸®Æ®¿Í °­À縦 ¸ðµÎ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Áö»ó À§ÀÇ Ã³À½ 10ÃþÀº clear spanÀ» °¡Áø trading floor·Î¼­ »ç¿ëµÇµµ·Ï µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹Ù´ÚµéÀº dz·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ º¯Çüµµ°¡ ÃÖ´ë°¡ µÇ´Â Ÿ¿öÀÇ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÑ´Ù. ¿©±â¼­, ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ®°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Âµ¥, ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ®´Â °­À纸´Ù ´ÜÀ§ ´Þ·¯´ç °­¼ºÀÌ ÈξÀ Å©±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. °­Àç´Â Áö¹Ý¸é ¾Æ·¡¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Âµ¥, ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ®´Â °Ç¹°ÀÌ ±âÃÊ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ÇÕÀǸ¦ º¸¾Æ¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ´Â »çÇ×, Áï ÁöÇÏö ÅͳÎÀ» °üÅëÇϱ⿡´Â ³Ê¹« µÎ²¨¿î ´Ü¸éÀ» ¿ä±¸Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. trading floor À§ÀÇ °­Àç´Â °Ç¹°ÀÇ 2/3 Á¤µµ µÇ´Â ÁöÁ¡ÀÎ "¾î±ú" Æ®·¯½º¿¡ ÇÔ²² ¹­À̴µ¥, "¾î±ú" Æ®·¯½º´Â ±× ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ±¸Á¶Ã¼¸¦ ÇÔ²² ¿¬°á½ÃÅ°°í Ç÷§ÆûÀ¸·Î¼­ ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Ç÷§Æû À§¿¡´Â ºÎ°¡ÀûÀ¸·Î 20 ÃþÀÇ °­Àç °Ç¹°ÀÌ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ½×¿©ÀÖ´Ù.

The structure will use both high-strength reinforced concrete and steel. The first 10 stories above grade are to be used as trading floors with clear spans. These floors correspond to the zone in the tower where the strain from wind forces are at their greatest. Here, concrete will be used, since concrete is considerably more rigid per dollar than steel. Steel will be used below grade because concrete would require sections too thick to thread through the subway tunnels the building must negotiate to reach its foundation. The steel above the trading floors is tied together approximately two-thirds up the building at a "shoulder" truss that binds the lower structure together and serves as a platform upon which, in effect, an additional 20-story steel building is stacked.

 

 

Structural engineer : LeMessurier Associates / SCI, Cambridge, in association with Weiskopf & Pickworth, New York

Architects : Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates PC, New York

Owner : 383 Madison Associates

Stories : 70

Height : 1,040 ft above grade