How to Cite Internet Sources and References:

COPYRIGHT

What is copyright

• A work that is protected.
• A work in public domain.
• Original works of authorship

• Use for purposes such as: criticism, comment, newsreporting, teaching, scholarship or research.
• Four areas of consideration in determining fair use of copyrighted works.

• Purpose and character of the use.
• Amount of substantiality of use.
• Name of the protected work.
• Impact of use on potential market.

• Use copyrighted material in an educational setting.
• Commercial use is presumed to be not a fair use.

• An unpublished work is less likely to be a fair use than use of a published work.
• Use of a scholarly work is more likely to be a fair use than use of entertainment works.

• Use of a work is deemed a fair use if it does not impair the original authors ability to market it.

Purpose of Trademark

• To identify the origin or ownership of the article.

• The public interest allows competitors to make free use of the English language in describing their goods.
• If the defendants use is descriptive, in good faith, and not as a trademark, it is fair use.

• Trademarks must function as indicators for particular goods or services.
• If the proposed Trademark can impair the ability of that mark to continue to function as an indicator of origin, it is not fair use.

• Three areas of consideration in determining fair use of a Trademark are:

1. Descriptive use.
2. Good faith.
3. Not as a Trademark.

To explore other Copyright and Trademark issues please visit the following sites.

• Fair Use Doctrine
• Mary Washington College
• Citing Resources
• Citing the World Wide Web in Style
• Electronic Sources: MLA Style of Citation