ANH = A New Hope
TPM = The Phantom Menace

ANH = Good guys rescue a young Princess from the bad guys.
TPM = Good guys rescue a young Queen's homeworld from the bad guys.

ANH = Bad guys plan to execute/kill the Princess.
TPM = Bad guys plan to execute/kill the Queen.

ANH = Obi-Wan Kenobi is a venerable Jedi Knight who takes Luke Skywalker on an adventure, introduces Luke to the Force and Obi-Wan dies during the film.
TPM = Qui-Gon Jinn is a venerable Jedi Knight who takes Anakin Skywalker on an adventure, introduces Anakin to the Force and Qui-Gon dies during the film.

ANH = Luke Skywalker is the young hero who lives on Tatooine, is powerful in the Force and seeks adventure.
TPM = Anakin Skywalker is the young hero who lives on Tatooine, is powerful in the Force and seeks adventure.

ANH = Han Solo is the young cocky, hot shot star pilot.
TPM = Obi-Wan Kenobi is the young cocky, hot shot Jedi.

ANH = Princess Leia is the tough, headstrong and royal beauty.
TPM = Queen Amidala is the tough, headstrong and royal beauty.

ANH = Jar Jar Binks is the lovable, hard-to-understand sidekick.
TPM = Chewbacca is the lovable, impossible-to-understand sidekick.

ANH = R2-D2 is the astromech droid that helps the heroes when needed.
TPM = R2-D2 is the astromech droid that helps the heroes when needed.

ANH = C-3PO provides comic relief.
TPM = C-3PO provides comic relief.