topic:                     HARBORS, PORTS & 
                                        INDUSTRIAL  AREAS
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3.1. Harbors, Ports and Industrial Areas

As a consequence of, or prelude to, economic growth and increase in population and tourism, many of the existing natural ports on Caribbean islands are expanded and deepened, leading to vast amounts of dredge spoil to be disposed as well as to potential coastal degradation.
Especially in the national planning of such major efforts, it is essential to thoroughly involve ICAM precepts from the very start in order to avoid the lure of vast and fast economic profits versus the lingering long term effects or even irreversible dam age caused by unmitigated environmental degradation. Examples and case histories are abundant in the literature dealing with UK, Dutch, Korean and Japanese coastal development projects.

MISCELLANEA-Ports and Harbors

3.2. Marine Protected Areas

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