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School
interests such students more because they see how acquiring practical skills and
learning to solve problems contribute to future success. Discover how two
eighth-grade teachers in Connecticut integrated school-to-career connections in
their curriculum -- and learn how you can Mind Your Own Business too! Included:
Ten activities for incorporating entrepreneurship education into the curriculum.
Your local supermarket doesn't stock foods made by Man O' Man O' Cotti, The Grateful Breads, or Dough-si-Dough. Nowhere in the mall will you find children's shorts made by Little Chief's Briefs or placemats from Dining Delights. Nevertheless, those companies and many others have prospered in the Mind Your Own Business (MYOB) program at Dodd Middle School in Cheshire, Connecticut.
Each semester, eighth-grade MYOB students plan and manage businesses that sell their products to the school's faculty, staff, and students. Both food and sewing components are self-supporting, generating enough profit for the managers to reward employees with a thank you party and donate money to a local charity.
It's easy to understand how teenagers feel about such an accomplishment. "The kids are the companies," explained teacher Linda Biedrycki. "They take pride in their work."
Since 1997, Biedrycki and fellow teacher Kathy Muzyczka have focused their family and consumer sciences curriculum on entrepreneurship. In addition to life skills, MYOB fosters workplace readiness skills in reading, writing, communication, technology, and math. Ongoing cooperative learning and problem solving activities within each business strengthen the framework for company success.
In MYOB, students choose products, company names, and logos. They write individual portfolios of industry vocabulary, business and marketing plans, and codes of ethics. Interviews with owners of small businesses and reports on entrepreneurs help focus the subject. Higher-order thinking skills develop as students compare the pros and cons of entrepreneurship and determine the education and skills needed to develop and maintain successful business ventures.
The young entrepreneurs research existing laws and industry guidelines to plan product labeling. They evaluate the effectiveness of familiar advertisements and present their own print, audio, and video ads to the class. Print ads are later posted at school and in the community. Students become "instant" celebrities when audio and video commercials air during morning announcements and on the public access cable channel.
Every MYOB company depends on its employees' math skills for productivity and product quality. Time management sheets help students keep track of work completion schedules and stay on task. The ability to measure and follow sequenced directions is a must when hungry friends and teachers are the food customers!
Students quickly figure out that profits won't materialize without accurate math skills. The students must consider materials and labor costs in order to sell their products at a profit. Students use computers to create spreadsheets for record keeping, to calculate net profit or losses from gross sales, and to produce order forms.
MYOB also identifies and develops workplace readiness skills. As part of the program, students complete job applications, practice interviewing, and critique workplace attire in order to ensure that they "dress for success." They gain new perspectives by role-playing situations involving employees, employers, and customers. School-to-career connections are further forged when the class surveys local businesses and compares guidelines for customer relations and employee responsibilities.
Remember the childhood thrill of managing your very own lemonade stand? Without entrepreneurial education, the enterprising spirit of kindergartners dramatically declines by the time they graduate from high school. Few teachers have the time or resources to implement an extensive entrepreneurship program, though. Fortunately, Web-based lessons and activities can integrate virtual business experiences into academic subjects across grade levels. Check out the following activities designed to give your students the "business" in their own classroom.
Science. (Grades 3-5) An Entreduction to inventions and innovations can capture the interest of young scientists. Rube Goldberg cartoons contribute to the fun of problem solving as students investigate the risks and returns of entrepreneurship. Have students brainstorm ideas for new products after they investigate some patented but totally absurd inventions.
Social Studies. (Grades 3-5) Your students can sink their teeth into the entrepreneurial history of Papa John's Pizza and discover how businesses and people depend upon one another for goods and services. Fill them up with the Pizza Competition, Favorite Pizza Survey, and Interdependence Game activities. Don't let them leave the table without feeding on the economic principles of competition, specialization, interdependence, and supply and demand.
Language Arts. (Grades 3-8) Why Do I Want All This Stuff? explores advertising as students learn to distinguish between fact and opinion. You'll need the Adobe Acrobat Reader to access this file. The extensive, well-organized lesson includes numerous activities for evaluating and comparing familiar business ads. Students investigate concepts of demand, determinants of demand, taste and preference, and substitutes and complements so they can learn to make informed spending decisions.
Language Arts. (Grades 4-6) Dollars and doughnuts are a delectable duo for teaching economics and literary concepts. In An Economics and Literature Lesson, students read "The Doughnuts," from Homer Price, by Robert McClosky. In the story, Homer devises a way to sell the hundreds of doughnuts produced by his uncle's malfunctioning doughnut machine. Readers learn about such economic concepts as capital resources, productivity, and supply and demand through the series of comical events. Students can use the Capital Invention work sheet to research inventions and organize oral reports.
Math. (Grades 5-8+) Students work to squeeze every dollar out of their Lemonade Stand in this realistic online game. Students choose a city, then receive weather forecasts and financial reports to help them predict how many cups of lemonade they can sell. Rent and advertising costs are also added to the mix. This is a one-player game where the object is to exceed the posted high scores for profits. The company "runs dry" after 25 working days. Bankruptcy ends the game sooner. A successful player who fears financial loss can also "retire" early to end the game.
Social Studies. (Grades 6-8) In Kentucky's Earliest Entrepreneur -- the Farmer, students help a family decide what to pack before moving West to become early entrepreneurs. This lesson provides historical perspective on the economics of farm life. Students match traits and behaviors of successful entrepreneurs to the characteristics of farmers. Discussion questions cultivate understanding of opportunity cost, scarcity, capital goods and resources, productive and natural resources, division of labor, and goods and services.
Language Arts. Math. Computer Science. (Grades 6-8) Students can apply academics to career skills by designing virtual business Web sites. These Eighth Grade Assignments include instructions for creating company flyers, checks, gift certificates, business cards, letterheads, memos, and fax coversheets. The imaginary companies also generate graphs from spreadsheet reports. Many well-done examples of student Web pages are included, and a work sheet examines the role of business in the world.
Language Arts. Math. Social Studies. (Grades 6-12) At Business Plan Basics, students learn how to write a business plan. The activity can heighten their awareness of career opportunities and help them develop critical-thinking skills. Start-up company ideas at this site provide inspiration for a business description, marketing strategy, management system, and financial needs assessment. Developing a business in another country or historical time will enrich this project.
Language Arts. Math. (Grades 6-12) Prepare for risky business as young entrepreneurs set up and operate a virtual greeting card company at Bizworld. This competitive online game requires decision making for all aspects of product design and financial management. Completed cards can be e-mailed to friends as simulated direct sales. Students can skip the personal information section and log in by first name only.
Language Arts. (Grades 6-12) Inspire a new generation of young entrepreneurs. Read Cases for the Entrepreneurship Classroom about people who used creative thinking to achieve goals. Discussion questions accompany each example. Follow the Famous Entrepreneur Project, using the Internet to research the road to success. Students can practice persuasive writing when they justify their choices in Selecting a Franchise.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Entrepreneurship Education The
Consortium for Entrepreneurship Education provides teachers with information to
help students of all ages find entrepreneurial opportunities. The site includes
teaching materials, classroom activities, and transparency masters.
The National Council on Economic Education A nationwide program for economic education in America's schools, the council maintains a database of excellent economic and entrepreneurial lessons, accessible by title, grade level, concept, or standard.
Economic Education Web The Economic Education Web at the University of Nebraska at Omaha provides lots of excellent economics education resources for K-12 teachers.
Business Education Resources The Business Education Department at Union High School in La Porte City, Iowa, provides a number of business and economics resources, activities, lessons, and WebQuests.
The Mint: Start Your Own Business This site, sponsored by Northwestern Mutual Life, provides middle school and high school students with advice, quizzes, pro and con discussions of business ownership, and other business education resources.
Aboriginal Youth Business Council A group of young First Nation, Métis, and Inuit entrepreneurs created this site to teach entrepreneurial skills to Canada's aboriginal youth. The site includes entrepreneurship quizzes as well as personal suitability and business knowledge tests.
Economics America in Kentucky This non-profit organization, dedicated to promoting economics education, provides a database of economics lessons for K-12 students.
Kids and Careers Web Site This comprehensive site on teaching K-4 students about the world of work includes a teaching manual for parents and teachers, a coloring book and an assortment of games for kids, and links to related sites and resources.
Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership Clearinghouse on Entrepreneurial Education This ERIC-adjunct clearinghouse identifies sources of information on entrepreneurial education at every level. It provides a searchable database of abstracts and organizations dealing with entrepreneurship.
Toys Were Us At this site from Discovery.com, students learn how Barbie, skateboards, video games, and other favorite toys were invented and marketed.
Joan Luddy
Education World®
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