Who Are The Ulema?

The title Ulema is given to some people in lslamic societies. But who exactly are these people and when mentioned in the Ouran, does God refer to these people?

The term 'Ulema' in the Our'an refers to SCIENTISTS as we shall see from the following verses which we quote in full:
Do you not see that Allah sends down water from the clouds, then we bring forth therewith fruits of various hues? And in the mountains are streaks white and red, of various hues and (others) intensely black. And of men and beasts and cattle there are various colours likewise.

Those of His servants ONLY WHO ARE POSSESSED OF KNOWLEDGE fear Allah. Surely Allah is mighty, forgiving (35:2728)

Here Allah says that the Ulema are those who are versed in BOTANY
(fruits of various hues); GEOLOGY Istreaks white and red); BIOLOGY and ZOOLOGY (and of men and beasts and cattle).

Behold! In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of night and day THERE ARE SIGNS layat) FOR MEN OF UNDERSTANDING. Such as remember Allah, standing, sitting, and reclining, AND REFLECT ON THE CREATION OF THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH, (and say): Our Rabb! You have not created this for nothing (3:190-191)

The above ayat is a clear reference to those who study the SCIENCE OF THE UNIVERSE, namely, the COSMOLOGISTS. It is He who made the sun to be a shining brightness and the moon to be a light AND ORDAINED FOR IT STAGES THAT YOU MIGHT KNOW THE COMPUTATION OF YEARS AND RECKONING:
Allah did not create (all) that except with truth Ibil haqq). He explains His signs layat) in detail FOR PEOPLE WHO HAVE KNOWLEDGE 110:5)

These words of the Our'an point to the study of ASTRONOMY and ASTRONOMICAL CALCULATIONS.
Say: 'TRAVEL THROUGH THE EARTH and SEE how Allah did originate creation; so will Allah produce a later creation: for Allah has power over all things'. (29:20)
This ayat is a reference to the SCIENCES of ARCHEOLOGY and PALAENTOLOGY.

And the changing of the winds and the clouds which they trail like their slaves between the sky and the earth: IHere) indeed are signs layat) FOR A PEOPLE WHO HAVE SENSE. (2:1 64)
This ayat is a reference to the SCIENCES of METEOROLOGY and NEPHOLOGY.

And among His signs (ayat) is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity in your languages and your colours: verily in that are signs layat) FOR PEOPLE WHO HAVE KNOWLEDGE. 130:22)
This ayat is a reference to the SCIENCES of PHILOLOGY and ETHNOLOGY.

Have they not TRAVELLED IN THE LAND and SEEN what was the end of those before them? They were stronger than these in prowess and dug up the earth, and built on it more than these have built (30:9)
These words of the Qur'an refer to the SCIENCES of ANTHROPOLOGY and SOCIOLOGY.