The National Security Council was established by the National Security Act of 1947. The National Security Council advises the president with respect to the integration of domestic, foreign, and military policies relating to national security. The National Security Council is the principal forum for the consideration of national security policy issues requiring a presidential decision.

The National Security Council is chaired by the President. Its statutory members, in addition to the President, are the Vice President and the Secretaries of State and Defense. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the statutory military advisor to the Council, and the Director of Central Intelligence is the intelligence advisor. The Secretary of the Treasury, the U.S. Representative to the United Nations, the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, the Assistant to the President for Economic policy, and the Chief of Staff to the President are invited to all meetings of the Council. The Attorney General and the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy attend meetings pertaining to their jurisdiction; other officials are invited, as appropriate.

Nearly all the members on the National Security Council are also Council on Foreign Relations members:

President:

Council on Foreign Relations member William Clinton

Vice President:

Al Gore

Secretaries of State

Council on Foreign Relations member Madeleine K. Albright

Council on Foreign Relations member Warren Christopher

Secretary of Defense

Council on Foreign Relations member William S. Cohen

Council on Foreign Relations member John Deutch

Council on Foreign Relations member Les Aspin

The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff :

General Henry H. Shelton

Council on Foreign Relations member Colin Luther Powell

Director of Central Intelligence :

George J. Tenet

Council on Foreign Relations member John Deutch

Council on Foreign Relations member R. James Woolsey

The Secretary of the Treasury

Council on Foreign Relations member Robert Edward Rubin

Lloyd Bentsen

U.S. Representative to the United Nations

Bill Richardson

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard (Dick) L. Thornburgh

Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs

Council on Foreign Relations member Samuel (Sandy) R. Berger

Council on Foreign Relations member W. Anthony Lake

Assistant to the President for Economic policy

Gene B. Sperling (Mr. Sperling has served as Deputy Director of the National Economic Council under Council on Foreign Relations member Robert Rubin (1993-1995) and Council on Foreign Relations member Dr. Laura D'Andrea Tyson(1995-1996).

Council on Foreign Relations member Robert Edward Rubin

Visit the National Security Council website.

Below is a list of Council on Foreign Relations resources and events that focus on National Security issues, modified to identify Council on Foreign Relations "Secret Team" members. The list can be found at the Council on Foreign Relations Website .

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard K. Betts Director, National Security Studies and Senior Fellow A former staff member of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence and the National Security Council - Richard Betts is Professor of Political Science, Director of the International Security Policy program in the School of International and Public Affairs, and member of the Institute of War and Peace Studies at Columbia University. He was a Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution until 1990 and adjunct lecturer at the Johns Hopkins University's Nitze School of Advanced International Studies. His books include: Military Readiness: Concepts, Choices, Consequences (1995); Soldiers, Statesmen, and Cold War Crises (1991); Nuclear Blackmail and Nuclear Balance (1987); and Surprise Attack: Lessons for Defense Planning (1982). He is also editor of Conflict After the Cold War: Arguments on Causes of War and Peace (1994), and co-author and editor of Cruise Missiles: Technology, Strategy, Politics (1981); Nonproliferation and U.S. Foreign Policy (1980), and The Irony of Vietnam: The System Worked (1979). He received a B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. in government from Harvard University.

Allison L. C. de Cerreno Associate Director of Studies - Allison C. de Cerreno completed her doctorate in political science at the Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York while working as a Program Associate in the Latin America Program at the Council on Foreign Relations. She has been an Adjunct Lecturer in Political Science at Hunter College and Adjunct Assistant Professor in Political Science at City College. Her research interests include democratization and educational reform in Latin America, as well as prospects of and issues related to nuclear proliferation and the nonproliferation regime. She received a B.A. from Hunter College, and an M.A., M.Phil., and Ph.D. from the CUNY Graduate Center.

Council on Foreign Relations member Alton Frye Senior Fellow - Alton Frye is also Senior Vice President and National Director of the Council. Formerly a staff member at RAND, he directed a U.S. Senate staff and taught at Harvard and UCLA, among other universities. He has published widely on national security and foreign policy, and is a frequent consultant to both the legislative and executive branches of the U.S. government. Among his works is A Responsible Congress: The Politics of National Security. He received a B.S. from St. Louis University, and a Ph.D. from Yale University.

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb President Prior to his tenure as President of the Council on Foreign Relations, Mr. Gelb served at The New York Times from 1981 to 1993 as Columnist, Deputy Editorial Page Editor, Editor of the Op-Ed Page, National Security Correspondent, and Diplomatic Correspondent. He was Senior Associate for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace from 1980 to 1981; Assistant Secretary of State from 1977 to 1979; a Senior Fellow at Brookings Institution and a Visiting Professor at Georgetown University from 1969 to 1973; Director of Policy Planning and Arms Control for International Security Affairs at the Department of Defense from 1967 to 1969; and Executive Assistance to U.S. Senator Jacob K. Javits from 1966 to 1967. Mr. Gelb received a B.A. from Tufts University in 1959 and his M.A. in 1961 and PH.D. in 1964 from Harvard University. He is the author of Anglo-American Relations, 1945-1950; Toward a Theory of Alliances (1988) and co-author of The Irony of Vietnam: The System Worked (1980); Our Own Worst Enemy: the Unmaking of American Foreign Policy (1984), and; Claiming the Heavens (Star Wars) (1988). Mr. Gelb's numerous awards include; the Pulitzer Prize in Explanatory Journalism; State Department's Distinguished Honor Award; and the APSA Woodrow Wilson Award for the best book in international relations, 1981.

John Hillen Fellow for National Security Policy - John Hillen, a decorated Gulf War veteran, came to the Council from the Heritage Foundation, where he was a Defense Policy Analyst. As a U.S. Army officer, Mr. Hillen served in Europe, the Pacific, and Southwest Asia, and was awarded the Bronze Star Medal for his actions in Combat during the Persian Gulf War. He graduated with a Fulbright Scholarship from Duke University, and earned his Master's degree in War Studies at King's College London. In the summer of 1997, he will be awarded his doctorate in international relations at Oxford University. He has published articles on international security issues in Foreign Affairs, Orbis, The International Herald Tribune, The Wall Street Journal and other journals. He is the author of Blue Helmets: The Strategy of UN Military Operations (Brassey's Inc., 1997).

Council on Foreign Relations member Charles A. Kupchan Senior Fellow, Europe - Charles Kupchan is also an associate professor of international relations at Georgetown University. He served as Director for European Affairs on the National Security Council staff from 1993 to 1994. Prior to joining the NSC, he taught politics at Princeton University. He is the author of Nationalism and Nationalities in the New Europe (1995), The Vulnerability of Empire (1994), The Persian Gulf and the West (1987), and numerous articles on international and strategic affairs. He received a B.A. from Harvard University, and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Oxford University.

Council on Foreign Relations member Michael E. Mandelbaum Director, Project on East-West Relations  - Michael Mandelbaum is also the [Council on Foreign Relations member ] Christian A. Herter Professor of American Foreign Policy at the [Council on Foreign Relations member ] Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of the Johns Hopkins University in Washington, D.C. He has taught at Harvard University, Columbia University, and the U.S. Naval Academy. He is the author of numerous articles and books and is the editor of several volumes published by the Council on Foreign Relations, including Postcommunism: Four Perspectives (1996), The Strategic Quadrangle: Russia, China, Japan, and the United States in East Asia (1995), and Central Asia and the World (1994). He received a B.A. from Yale University, M.A. from King's College, Cambridge University, and Ph.D. from Harvard University.

Ann Markusen Senior Fellow, Industrial Policy  - Ann Markusen is also State of New Jersey Professor at the Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy and Director of the Project on Regional and Industrial Economics at Rutgers University. She previously taught at Northwestern, Berkeley, and Colorado and served as Brookings Economic Policy Fellow and a Fulbright lecturer. She has written extensively on military conversion, trade, and technology policy. Her recent books include Trading Industries, Trading Regions (1993), Dismantling the Cold War Economy (1992), and The Rise of the Gunbelt (1991). She received a B.S. from Georgetown University, and an M.A. and Ph.D. in economics from Michigan State University.

Council on Foreign Relations member Michael Peters Senior Vice-President - Michael Peters joined the Council as Senior Vice President in December 1995 following a career in the Army. A graduate of West Point, Col. (ret) Peters earned an MA in Economics from the University of Washington. His military assignments included Vietnam, attache in Moscow, and assistant to the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff and battalion commander in Operations Just Cause, Panama and Desert Shield. His final post was Chief of Staff, United States Military Academy.

Gideon Rose Fellow, National Security Policy - Gideon Rose served as Associate Director for Near East and South Asian Affairs on the National Security Council staff from 1994 to 1995. From 1992-94 he was a National Security Fellow at the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University. From 1986 to 1987 he was Assistant Editor at The National Interest, and from 1985 to 1986 he held the same position at The Public Interest. He has written widely on U.S. foreign and security policy and is currently completing a manuscript on war termination in the twentieth century. He received a B.A. from Yale University, and a Ph.D. from Harvard University

Council on Foreign Relations member Ruth Wedgwood Senior Fellow, International Organizations and Law. Council on Foreign Relations member Ruth Wedgwood is also Professor of Law at Yale Law School and a faculty member of Yale's United Nations Studies Program. She is a former law clerk to Judge Henry Friendly of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and Justice Harry Blackmun of the U.S. Supreme Court. She serves on the Secretary of State's Advisory Committee on International Law. She holds an A.B., magna cum laude, from Harvard University, held a Harvard Prize Fellowship at the London School of Economics, and earned her J.D. at Yale Law School.

The Asia Policy Panel Conference 1995, an Asia

Studies program "U.S.-Japan Security Issues"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard H. Solomon

U.S. Institute of Peace

Council on Foreign Relations member James J. Shinn

Tadashi Yamamoto * October 31, 1995

Tokyo, Japan

Cosponsored with Japan Center for International Exchange,

Japan

"U.S.-Korea Security Issues"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard H. Solomon

U.S. Institute of Peace

Council on Foreign Relations member James J. Shinn

Kyung Won Kim * November 1, 1995

Seoul, Korea

Cosponsored with the Seoul Forum for International Affairs,

Republic of Korea

"U.S.-China Security Issues"

Council on Foreign Relations member Harold Brown

Center for Strategic and International Studies

Council on Foreign Relations member W. Michael Blumenthal

Zhang Yunling

Liu Shuqing * November 3, 1995

Beijing, People's Republic of China

Cosponsored with the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign

Affairs and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,

People's Republic of China

"U.S.-Taiwan Security Issues"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard H. Solomon

U.S. Institute of Peace

Council on Foreign Relations member W. Michael Blumenthal

Tien Hung-mao

Paul S. P. Hsu * November 6, 1995

Taipei, Taiwan

Cosponsored with the Institute for National Policy Research

and the Epoch Foundation, Taiwan

The Asia Policy Panel Conference 1996, an Asia

Studies program

"U.S.-Singapore Security Issues"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard H. Solomon

U.S. Institute of Peace

Council on Foreign Relations member W. Michael Blumenthal

Chan Heng Chee * January 15, 1996

Singapore

Cosponsored with the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,

Singapore

"U.S.-Vietnam Security Issues"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard H. Solomon

U.S. Institute of Peace

Council on Foreign Relations member W. Michael Blumenthal

Dao Huy Ngoc * January 17, 1996

Hanoi, Vietnam

Cosponsored with the Institute for International Relations,

Socialist Republic of Vietnam

"U.S.-Thailand Security Relations"

Council on Foreign Relations member David B. H. Denoon

New York University

W. Michael Blumenthal

Kusuma Snitwongse * January 19, 1996

Bangkok, Thailand

Cosponsored with the Institute of Security and International

Studies, Thailand

The [Council on Foreign Relations member ] Henry A. Kissinger Study Group on

"Exit Strategies and American Foreign Policy"

"Introduction: Exit Strategy Planning"

Gideon Rose

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard K. Betts * May 2, 1996

"Exit Strategies in Traditional Conflicts: Korea and

the Gulf War"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass

Council on Foreign Relations

Gideon Rose

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Bernard E. Trainor

Harvard University

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard K. Betts * May 16, 1996

"Exit Strategies in Regional Interventions:

Grenada, Panama, and Haiti"

Zachary Karabell

Harvard University

Gideon Rose

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard K. Betts * May 28, 1996

"Withdrawal Under Fire: Vietnam, Lebanon, and

Somalia"

Kenneth M. Pollack

National Security Council

Stephen J. Stedman

The [Council on Foreign Relations member] Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies,

The Johns Hopkins University

David Satterfield

National Security Council

Council on Foreign Relations member Michele A. Flournoy

U.S. Department of Defense

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard K. Betts * June 18, 1996

The John J. McCloy Roundtable Discussion Series

on the "Elimination of Nuclear Weapons" (A Washington

D.C. program)

Cosponsored with The [Council on Foreign Relations member ] Henry L. Stimson Center

"An Evolving U.S. Nuclear Posture"

Barry M. Blechman

DFI International

Charles A. Horner

U.S. Air Force (Ret.)

Council on Foreign Relations member Larry D. Welch * February 27, 1996

"Does the United States Need Nuclear Weapons to

Deter Biological and Chemical Attacks?"

Council on Foreign Relations member Victor A. Utgoff

Institute for Defense Analyses

Council on Foreign Relations member Larry D. Welch * March 25, 1996

"National and International Verification and

Safeguards"

Council on Foreign Relations member Steve Fetter

University of Maryland

Council on Foreign Relations member George H. Quester

University of Maryland

Council on Foreign Relations member Larry D. Welch * April 24, 1996

"Phased Nuclear Disarmament and U.S. Defense

Posture"

Michael E. Brown

Harvard University

Council on Foreign Relations member Larry D. Welch * May 20, 1996

Studies Meetings on National Security Issues

"An Outsider's Guide to the Defense Budget

Debate"

William D. Hartung

World Policy Institute

Council on Foreign Relations member Nicholas X. Rizopoulos * September 20, 1995

(A Foreign Policy Roundtable)

"The National Security Interests of the United States"*

Council on Foreign Relations member Bobby.R. Inman

Formerly National Security Agency

Council on Foreign Relations member Edward P. Djerejian (Intelligence Lebanon 1965-1969 Morocco 1969-

1972 USSR 1979-1981 Jordan 1986 Syria 1988-1991 Israel 1993-1994)

* September 27, 1995

Cosponsored with the [Council on Foreign Relations member ] James A. Baker III Institute for Public

Policy, Rice University

(The Southwest Group on U.S. National Interests

Directed by Council on Foreign Relations member Edward P. Djerejian, Houston-Dallas, TX)

"Why America Dropped the Bomb"

Donald Kagan

Yale University

Council on Foreign Relations member Nicholas X. Rizopoulos * October 16, 1995

(A Foreign Policy Roundtable)

"North Korea and Nonproliferation: The Nuclear

Accord and Beyond"

Kim Byong Hong

Institute of Disarmament and Peace, Democratic People's

Republic of Korea

Council on Foreign Relations member James J. Shinn * November 16, 1995

(Contemporary Asian Issues Series, an Asia Studies program)

"Challenges for Intelligence After the Cold War"

John C. Gannon, Deputy Director for Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency

Council on Foreign Relations member John B. Bellinger III, (Intelligence: Korea 1976) General Counsel,

Commission on the Roles and Capabilities of the U.S. Intelligence

Community, Presider

November 17, 1995

(Part of the International Affairs Fellowship program, Council Fellows Roundtable Series)

"The Origins of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime "

Allison L. C. de Cerreno

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Ted Greenwood

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

Howard H. Lentner

City University of New York Graduate Center

Council on Foreign Relations member Kenneth Maxwell * March 11, 1996

(A Latin America Studies special event)

"The State of the Field"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass * April 8, 1996

New York, NY

(Conference on "The State of the Security Studies Field",

a Washington D.C. program)

"Overview"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass * April 25, 1996

(A Washington D.C. Study Group on the "Use of Economic

Sanctions as an Instrument of American Foreign Policy")

"Security"

Council on Foreign Relations member Charles A. Kupchan

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Stephen M. Walt

University of Chicago

Ole Waever

University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Council on Foreign Relations member Roger C. Altman * May 2, 1996

(The [Council on Foreign Relations member ] W. Averell Harriman Study Group on Transatlantic

Relations, a Europe Studies program)

"Crime, Drugs, and Security"

Peter Andreas

The Brookings Institution

Council on Foreign Relations member Clifford Krauss

The New York Times

Robert S. Gelbard ( Intelligence: Chile 1986 Bolivia 1989-1991,

Council on Foreign Relations. Annual Report. 1988)

U.S. Department of State

Council on Foreign Relations member Kenneth Maxwell * May 14, 1996

(A Latin America Studies Study Group on "The City and the World")

"America's Pacific Test"

Council on Foreign Relations member Kurt M. Campbell

U.S. Department of Defense

Council on Foreign Relations member Charles A. Kupchan * June 19, 1996

(A Europe Studies Term Member Roundtable)

Studies Program Seminars

"U.S.-Russia Relations"

USIA delegation of staffers in the Administration of the

President of the Russian Federation

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb * September 22, 1995

Army War College Seminar

I. "Intervention"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass

Council on Foreign Relations

II. "Future Economic Prospects"

Council on Foreign Relations member Albert Fishlow

Council on Foreign Relations

III. "War Termination and American Foreign Policy"

Gideon Rose

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Ruth Wedgwood * October 10, 1995

Delegation of the Council of American Ambassadors

Council on Foreign Relations member Ogden Reid (Intelligence: Israel 1959-1961)

The Council of American Ambassadors

Council on Foreign Relations member Kenneth H. Keller * December 7, 1995

"U.S.-Russia Relations and Security Issues "

USIA delegation of Russian Security Specialists

Council on Foreign Relations member Ethan B. Kapstein

Keith W. Dayton * February 23, 1996

"East-West Security Issues"

USIA delegation of German Security Specialists

Michael P. Peters

Keith W. Dayton * March 8, 1996

"U.S.-Russia Relations"

USIA delegation of staffers in the Administration of the

President of the Russian Federation

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb

Michael P. Peters

Council on Foreign Relations member Ethan B. Kapstein

Keith W. Dayton * April 2, 1996

"East-West Security Issues"

USIA delegation of Hungarian Members of Parliament

Michael P. Peters

Keith W. Dayton * May 29, 1996

Study Group on "Gulf Security and Its Implications for American Foreign Policy",

a Middle East Studies program

"The Military Dimension: Military Issues Affecting

Gulf Stability and Security"

Council on Foreign Relations member Anthony H. Cordesman

Center for Strategic and International Studies

Council on Foreign Relations member Joseph P. Hoar * January 25, 1996

Washington, DC

"Economic Trends Affecting Local Stability in the Region"

Alan Richards

University of California, Santa Cruz

Vahan Zanoyan

The Petroleum Finance Company Ltd.

Council on Foreign Relations member Joseph P. Hoar * February 12, 1996

Washington, DC

"The Powerful Neighbors Dimension:

Developments in Iraq and Iran and GCC Security"

Council on Foreign Relations member Phebe A. Marr

National Defense University

Council on Foreign Relations member David C. Welch

U.S. Department of State

Adeed Dawisha (Council on Foreign Relations. Annual Report. 1988 )

George Mason University

Shaul Bakash

George Mason University

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard W. Murphy (Intelligence: Mauritania 1971-1973

Philippines 1978-1981 Syria 1978 Saudi Arabia 1982 Afghanistan 1984)

* March 26, 1996

Washington, DC

"The Economic and Security Dimensions: Energy

and Other Trends Affecting Local Stability"

Perry Baltimore

U.S. Central Command

James A. Placke

Cambridge Energy Research Associates

Joshua S. Goldstein

The American University

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard W. Murphy * April 24, 1996

Washington, DC

"The Broader Regional Dimensions: Domestic

Politics and Relations Between the GCC States and

Other Players in the Region"

Michael Eisenstadt

The Washington Institute for Near East Policy

Richard Herrman

Ohio State University

Joseph Kechichian

RAND

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard W. Murphy * May 7, 1996

Washington, DC

"Implications for U.S. Policy"

Council on Foreign Relations member Shibley Telhami

The Woodrow Wilson Center

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard W. Murphy * June 19, 1996

Washington, DC

Study Group on "Rethinking the Cold War"

"Ideology, Economics, and Alliance Solidarity

(1954-62)"

Council on Foreign Relations member John Lewis Gaddis

Ohio University

Council on Foreign Relations member Nicholas X. Rizopoulos * October 18, 1995

"Nuclear Weapons and the Escalation of the Cold

War"

Council on Foreign Relations member John Lewis Gaddis

Ohio University

Council on Foreign Relations member Nicholas X. Rizopoulos * February 12, 1996

I. "The Cuban Missile Crisis"

II. "The New Cold War History: First Impressions"

Council on Foreign Relations member John Lewis Gaddis

Ohio University

Council on Foreign Relations member Nicholas X. Rizopoulos * May 8, 1996

Task Force on "Russia"

Codirected with Council on Foreign Relations member Peter W. Rodman

(A Washington D.C. program)

Cosponsored with the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom

"U.S.-Russian Relations and the Russian

Elections"

Yuri V. Skokov(Intelligence: USSR 1992)

Congress of Russian Communities, Russia

Council on Foreign Relations member Dimitri K. Simes

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb * September 21, 1995

"The Upcoming Parliamentary Elections"

Council on Foreign Relations member George Kolt

National Intelligence Council

Council on Foreign Relations member Coit Dennis Blacker

National Security Council

Council on Foreign Relations member Dimitri K. Simes

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb * November 13, 1995

"The Results and Consequences of the

Parliamentary Elections"

Aleksandr Tsipko

Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars

Council on Foreign Relations member Dimitri K. Simes

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb * January 4, 1996

Task Force on "South Asia"

(A Washington D.C. program)

Codirected by Gideon Rose and Michael M. Dunn

"The Current Situation and U.S. Policy Toward the

Region"

Council on Foreign Relations member Robin L. Raphel

U.S. Department of State

Joseph DeThomas

U.S. Department of State

Walter Andersen

U.S. Department of State

Stephen R. Grummon

National Security Council

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass * March 18, 1996

"Discussion of Draft Task Force Report"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass * April 15, 1996

"Discussion of Draft Task Force Report"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass * May 20, 1996

Task Force on "The Future of U.S. Intelligence"

(A Washington D.C. program)

"Economic Intelligence"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass

Council on Foreign Relations

Council on Foreign Relations member Maurice R. Greenberg * July 10, 1995

New York, NY

"Reform of the U.S. Intelligence Community: An

Overview"

Council on Foreign Relations member John M. Deutch

Central Intelligence Agency

Council on Foreign Relations member Maurice R. Greenberg * September 13, 1995

New York, NY

"Issues Regarding the Military, Law Enforcement, and Covert Operations"

James Clapper

Formerly Defense Intelligence Agency

R. Rand Beers

National Security Council

Edwin Pechous (Intelligence: India 1963-1967 Pakistan 1970-1972

Austria 1976-1977 Germany 1989 Philippines 1990)

Formerly Central Intelligence Agency

Council on Foreign Relations member Maurice R. Greenberg * October 11, 1995

New York, NY

"Discussion of the Draft Task Force Report"

Council on Foreign Relations member Maurice R. Greenberg * November 14, 1995

New York, NY

Task Force on "The Future of U.S.-Russian Arms

Control"

Directed by Keith W. Dayton

(A Washington D.C. program)

Cosponsored with the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom

"U.S.-Russian Arms Control: An Overview"

Malcolm Fages

Joint Chiefs of Staff

Susan Koch

U.S. Department of Defense

Donald Mahley

Arms Control and Disarmament Agency

Robert G. Bell

National Security Council

Council on Foreign Relations member Dimitri K. Simes

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard N. Haass * February 22, 1996

"The U.S.-Russian Arms Control Agenda:

Prescriptions for Action in the Next Year to 18

Months"

Sidney Graybeal (Former Intelligence Officer)

Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC spells CIAs

backwards!)

Steven Miller

Harvard University

Michael Moodie (Center for Strategic and International Studies 1988)

Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute

Council on Foreign Relations member Stanley R. Resor

Debevoise and Plimpton

Richard a. Falkenrath

Harvard University

Council on Foreign Relations member Robert D. Blackwill * March 6, 1996

"Discussion of Draft Task Force Report"

Council on Foreign Relations member Robert D. Blackwill * May 2, 1996

"Discussion of Draft Task Force Report with Europeans"

Council on Foreign Relations member Robert D. Blackwill * May 18-19, 1996

Garmisch, Germany

"Discussion of Draft Task Force Report"

Council on Foreign Relations member Leslie H. Gelb * June 4, 1996

DEFENSE CONVERSION

Study Group on "Consolidation, Downsizing, and

Conversion in the U.S. Military Industrial Base"

"Defense Industry Consolidation: An Overview of

Recent Activity"

Wolfgang Demisch

BT Securities

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * January 19, 1996

"Defense Contractor Conversion and

Diversification: The Post-Cold War Record"

Michael Oden

Rutgers University

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * February 9, 1996

"America's Technical Fix: The Dual-Use Strategy

and the Political Economy of U.S. Technology

Policy"

Jay Stowsky

University of California

Ann Markusen * February 23, 1996

"The Implications of a Dual-Use Strategy for

International Arms Proliferation"

Council on Foreign Relations member Judith V. Reppy

Cornell University

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * March 1, 1996

"Private Production Lines and Public Arsenals: The

Post-Cold War Mix"

Council on Foreign Relations member Harvey M. Sapolsky

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Eugene Gholz

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * March 22, 1996

"Contending Security Doctrines and the Military

Industrial Base"

Gregory Bischak

National Commission for Economic Conversion and

Disarmament

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * April 12, 1996

"Post-Cold War Options for the National Weapons

Laboratories"

Council on Foreign Relations member Sidney D. Drell

Stanford Linear Accelerator

Ann Markusen * April 19, 1996

"The Base Closure Commission Process-- How

Well Has It Worked?"

Nicholas Karvonides

Center for Technology Transfer

Robert Meyer

U.S. Department of Defense

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * May 10, 1996

"Redesigning the Defense Industrial Base"

Kenneth Flamm

The Brookings Institution

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * May 31, 1996

"The Future of the Nuclear Weapons Lab"

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard L. Garwin

IBM

Greg Mello

Los Alamos Study Group

William J. Spencer

Sematech

Council on Foreign Relations member Richard Ravitch * June 14, 1996 1