Charts
One of Excels most powerful (fun, interesting, useful, you get the idea) is its ability to make charts.
Charts help you to present your information in a visually interesting way. Helping you to better make your point.
Chart Wizard
Excel helps you to make charts by providing the Chart Wizard.
This Wizard will guide you through creating many standard formats of charts.
The Wizard works by asking you a number of questions and using your answers to draw a chart.
Embedded Charts and Chart Sheets
Excel provides two ways of entering charts, the Embedded chart and the Chart sheet.
Embedded charts are inserted into an existing worksheet page.
Chart sheets are charts that are placed on separate sheets of a workbook, apart from any worksheet data.
Embedded Charts and Chart Sheets
Embedded charts work best when you need to display or print the chart along with worksheet data.
Chart sheets work best when all you want to show is the chart.
Which ever you use, they both will be linked to the data in the Worksheet.
When that data is updated, so is your chart.
Creating an Embedded Chart
First, Select the data that you want to chart.
Second, click on the Chart Wizard button on the Standard toolbar.
Choose a desired chart type, and follow the instructions to create your chart.
Creating a Chart Sheet
First, select the data that you want to chart, be sure to include any labels.
Second, choose Insert>>Chart, then click on the Next button and follow the directions.
In the last Chart Wizard dialog box, choose As New Sheet to place the chart on a separate worksheet.
Understanding the Parts of a Chart
Understanding Charts
Before you explore all the different ways of displaying your data, it is helpful to understand the basic terminology of charts.
Parts of a Chart
Parts of a 3D Chart
Working With Charts
Excel uses the object-oriented nature of Windows.
What this means is that each element of a chart is its own object.
To edit an element, normally all you will need to do is to right click on it and choose the option you wish.
In the 95 version, you normally must first double click the chart.
The Chart Toolbar
The chart toolbar pops up when you are working with charts. If it does not, go to view and toolbars and turn it on.
This provides an easy shortcut to changing many of the elements of your chart.
The parts of the Excel 97 Toolbar include the following:
Part of the Toolbar
Chart ObjectsLets you select any part of the chart by choosing it from the list box.
Format Chart AreaDisplays the Format Chart Area dialog box.
Chart TypeSelects a chart type.
LegendAdds or removes the legend from the chart.
Data TableAdds a data table to the chart.
By RowArranges the series data by row.
By ColumnArranges the series data by column.
Adding Titles
Titles are typically used with charts to help describe the purpose of the chart or to clarify the purpose of the various chart axes.
To add a title select the chart and choose Insert>>Chart>>Options and click the titles tab.
Adding Unattached Text
You can add text to the chart that is not attached to a specific axis by displaying the drawing toolbar and using the text Box button.
Formatting Chart Axes
Excel allows you to change the appearance of the chart axes in a variety of ways.
To alter the appearance of an axes right-click on the axis and choose Format Axis from the shortcut menu.
The box that pops-up has five tabs which allow you to change various part of the chart.
Adding Legends
If a chart doesnt have a legend you can add one by choosing Chart>>Chart Options and clicking on the Legend tab.
After you add a legend you can alter its appearance by double-clicking on the legend.
Adding Gridlines
To add gridlines to your chart, select the chart to make it active and choose Chart>>Chart Options and click on the Gridlines tab.
From the Gridlines dialog box you can choose between minor and major gridlines.
Customizing the Chart Area
You can add a lot to the appearance of a chart by customizing the default settings.
You can change the background colors, the borders, the fontsalmost anything!
Just select the chart and choose Format Chart Area.
A dialog box will appear that allows you to change all sorts of things.
Chart Types
Area charts show the significance of change during a given time period. The top line ol the chart totals the individual series, so area charts make it visually apparent how each individual series contributes to the overall picture. Area charts emphasize the magnitude of change as opposed to the rate of change. (If you want to emphasize the rate at change, use line charts instead.)
Bar charts use horizontal bars to show distinct figures at a specified time. Each horizontal bar In the chart shows a specific amount of change from the base value used In the chart. Bar charts visually emphasize different values, arranged vertically.
Chart Types
Column charts are very much like bar charts, using columns to show I column charts are oriented along a horizontal plane, with the columns distinct figures over a time period. The difference is that the markers in column charts are orientated along a horizontal plane, with columns running vertically up or down from a base value used in the chart.
Line charts are perfect for showing trends in data over a period of time. Like area charts, line charts show the significance of change, but line charts emphasize the rate instead of the magnitude of change.
Chart Types
Doughnut charts show relationships between pieces of a picture, as do pie charts. The difference is that the doughnut chart has a hollow center.
Radar charts show the changes or frequencies of a data series in relation to a central point and to each other. (Every category has an axis value that radiates from a center point. Lines connect all data in the same series.) Radar charts can be difficult to interpret, unless youre accustomed to working with them.
Scatter charts show relationships between different points of data, to compare trends across uneven time periods, or to show patterns as a set of x and y coordinates. These charts are commonly used to plot scientific. data.
Chart Types
Bubble charts compare sets of three values. In appearance, these are similar to scatter charts, with the third value interpreted by the size of the bubbles.
Stock charts are also known as open-hi-lo-close charts. They are used to display the day-to-day values of stocks, commodities, or other financial market data. Stock charts require series containing four values to plot the four points (open, high, low, and close).
Cylinder charts are column charts with the columns appearing as cylindrical shapes.
Cone charts are column charts with the columns appearing as cone shapes.
Pyramid charts are column charts with the columns appearing as pyramid shapes.
Exercise
Take the sales figures and create the charts specified below:
Column Chart
Bar Chart
Pie Chart with one slice expanded
Area Chart
Line Chart