Charts

One of Excel’s most powerful (fun, interesting, useful, you get the idea) is its ability to make charts.

Charts help you to present your information in a visually interesting way. Helping you to better make your point.

 

Chart Wizard

Excel helps you to make charts by providing the Chart Wizard.

This Wizard will guide you through creating many standard formats of charts.

The Wizard works by asking you a number of questions and using your answers to draw a chart.

 

Embedded Charts and Chart Sheets

Excel provides two ways of entering charts, the Embedded chart and the Chart sheet.

Embedded charts are inserted into an existing worksheet page.

Chart sheets are charts that are placed on separate sheets of a workbook, apart from any worksheet data.

 

Embedded Charts and Chart Sheets

Embedded charts work best when you need to display or print the chart along with worksheet data.

Chart sheets work best when all you want to show is the chart.

Which ever you use, they both will be linked to the data in the Worksheet.

When that data is updated, so is your chart.

 

Creating an Embedded Chart

First, Select the data that you want to chart.

Second, click on the Chart Wizard button on the Standard toolbar.

Choose a desired chart type, and follow the instructions to create your chart.

 

Creating a Chart Sheet

First, select the data that you want to chart, be sure to include any labels.

Second, choose Insert>>Chart, then click on the Next button and follow the directions.

In the last Chart Wizard dialog box, choose As New Sheet to place the chart on a separate worksheet.

 

Understanding the Parts of a Chart

Understanding Charts

Before you explore all the different ways of displaying your data, it is helpful to understand the basic terminology of charts.

 

Parts of a Chart

Parts of a 3D Chart

Working With Charts

Excel uses the object-oriented nature of Windows.

What this means is that each element of a chart is its own object.

To edit an element, normally all you will need to do is to right click on it and choose the option you wish.

In the 95 version, you normally must first double click the chart.

 

The Chart Toolbar

The chart toolbar pops up when you are working with charts. If it does not, go to view and toolbars and turn it on.

This provides an easy shortcut to changing many of the elements of your chart.

The parts of the Excel 97 Toolbar include the following:

 

Part of the Toolbar

Chart Objects—Lets you select any part of the chart by choosing it from the list box.

Format Chart Area—Displays the Format Chart Area dialog box.

Chart Type—Selects a chart type.

Legend—Adds or removes the legend from the chart.

Data Table—Adds a data table to the chart.

By Row—Arranges the series data by row.

By Column—Arranges the series data by column.

 

Adding Titles

Titles are typically used with charts to help describe the purpose of the chart or to clarify the purpose of the various chart axes.

To add a title select the chart and choose Insert>>Chart>>Options and click the titles tab.

 

Adding Unattached Text

You can add text to the chart that is not attached to a specific axis by displaying the drawing toolbar and using the text Box button.

 

Formatting Chart Axes

Excel allows you to change the appearance of the chart axes in a variety of ways.

To alter the appearance of an axes right-click on the axis and choose Format Axis from the shortcut menu.

The box that pops-up has five tabs which allow you to change various part of the chart.

 

Adding Legends

If a chart doesn’t have a legend you can add one by choosing Chart>>Chart Options and clicking on the Legend tab.

After you add a legend you can alter its appearance by double-clicking on the legend.

 

Adding Gridlines

To add gridlines to your chart, select the chart to make it active and choose Chart>>Chart Options and click on the Gridlines tab.

From the Gridlines dialog box you can choose between minor and major gridlines.

 

Customizing the Chart Area

You can add a lot to the appearance of a chart by customizing the default settings.

You can change the background colors, the borders, the fonts—almost anything!

Just select the chart and choose Format Chart Area.

A dialog box will appear that allows you to change all sorts of things.

 

Chart Types

Area charts show the significance of change during a given time period. The top line ol the chart totals the individual series, so area charts make it visually apparent how each individual series contributes to the overall picture. Area charts emphasize the magnitude of change as opposed to the rate of change. (If you want to emphasize the rate at change, use line charts instead.)

Bar charts use horizontal bars to show distinct figures at a specified time. Each horizontal bar In the chart shows a specific amount of change from the base value used In the chart. Bar charts visually emphasize different values, arranged vertically.

 

Chart Types

Column charts are very much like bar charts, using columns to show I column charts are oriented along a horizontal plane, with the columns distinct figures over a time period. The difference is that the markers in column charts are orientated along a horizontal plane, with columns running vertically up or down from a base value used in the chart.

Line charts are perfect for showing trends in data over a period of time. Like area charts, line charts show the significance of change, but line charts emphasize the rate instead of the magnitude of change.

 

Chart Types

Doughnut charts show relationships between pieces of a picture, as do pie charts. The difference is that the doughnut chart has a hollow center.

Radar charts show the changes or frequencies of a data series in relation to a central point and to each other. (Every category has an axis value that radiates from a center point. Lines connect all data in the same series.) Radar charts can be difficult to interpret, unless you’re accustomed to working with them.

Scatter charts show relationships between different points of data, to compare trends across uneven time periods, or to show patterns as a set of x and y coordinates. These charts are commonly used to plot scientific. data.

 

Chart Types

Bubble charts compare sets of three values. In appearance, these are similar to scatter charts, with the third value interpreted by the size of the bubbles.

Stock charts are also known as open-hi-lo-close charts. They are used to display the day-to-day values of stocks, commodities, or other financial market data. Stock charts require series containing four values to plot the four points (open, high, low, and close).

Cylinder charts are column charts with the columns appearing as cylindrical shapes.

Cone charts are column charts with the columns appearing as cone shapes.

Pyramid charts are column charts with the columns appearing as pyramid shapes.

 

Exercise

Take the sales figures and create the charts specified below:

Column Chart

Bar Chart

Pie Chart with one slice expanded

Area Chart

Line Chart