Pelvic inflammatory disease

Pelvic inflammatory disease: The most common complication of sexually transmitted diseases in women is pelvic infection or pelvic inflammatory disease . The highest rate of PID is among sexually active teens.

Cause A variety of bacteria can cause PID, but the usual ones are those that cause chlamydia and gonorrhea. The bacteria migrate from the vagina into the uterus, Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and even the abdominal cavity and cause widespread infection.

Incidence Each year more than 1 million women in the United States experience PID; 100,000 become sterile, and 70,000 have pregnancies in their Fallopian tubes (ectopic pregnancies) as a result of PID.

Symptoms you are likely to notice Lower abdominal pain and abnormal discharge from the vagina are the major symptoms. Fever, painful intercourse, and irregular menstrual periods can also signal PID.

Symptoms your physician may observe PID can be difficult to diagnose. The physician will perform an examination and may take smears of vaginal discharge to identify bacteria present. Additional tests may be necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment options PID is treated with antibiotics. The full course of antibiotics must be taken even if symptoms go away. Since bacteria are passed between partners during sex, both partners should be treated with antibiotics at the same time.
About 25% of women suspected of having PID will need to be hospitalized for diagnosis and treatment.

Stages and progress Bacteria from the vagina invade the upper part of the reproductive system, reproduce themselves, and cause infection. The infection causes the symptoms. If untreated, PID can lead to sterility or damage to the reproductive system.

Prevention The best prevention for PID is to avoid sexually transmitted diseases by using a condom during sex. If a sexually transmitted disease is suspected, be certain that it is diagnosed and treated quickly and effectively.