cimicifuga racemosa

action	analgesic, antirheumatic, antispasmodic, astringent, blood cleanser, cardiac, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, expectorant, laxative, sedative, stimulant, sudorific, tonic
body	kidney
common name	black bugbane, black cohosh, black snakeroot, bugbane, bugwort, cimicifuga, macrotys, rattleroot, rattleweed, richweed, snakeroot, squawroot
contains	estrogen
family	ranunculaceae
indigenous use	appalachian, cherokee, delaware, iroquois, micmac, penobscot
native habitat	hillsides, woods
range	allegheny portage railroad national hist, big south fork n. river & rec. area, blue ridge parkway, canada, catoctin mountain park, chattahoochee river, chesapeake and ohio canal, chickamauga & chattanooga, cumberland gap national historic park, cuyahoga valley national recreation area, eastern u.s., fort donelson national battlefield, fort necessity national battlefield, george washington memorial parkway, great smoky mountains national park, hopewell furnace national historic site, horseshoe bend national military park, johnstone flood national memorial, kennesaw mountain, kings mountain national military park, mammoth cave national park, national river, new york, ozark ns riverways, rock creek park, shenandoah national park, shiloh national military park, us
use	medicine
used to treat	bronchitis, cancer (tongue), children's ailments, chorea, chronic bronchitis, common cold, cough, cramps, diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, female ailments, fever, hysteria, itch, kidney ailments, malaise, malaria, nerves, orthopedic ailments, p.m.s., parturition, rheumatism, skin ailments, snake bite, sore (throat), spasmodic problems, tension, tuberculosis, tumor, whooping cough, women's ailments
comments	Has a sedative effect on the nervous system, but also acts as a cardiac stimulant. Small doses are helpful for diarrhea in children. Large doses can cause symptoms of poisoning. Heko to relax nervous tension and other symptoms associated with PMS, menopause and childbirth.