THE SOLAR POWER
PLANT FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRIC ENERGY IN INDUSTRIAL SCALES
The problems of the power
ensuring should be considered from a position of negative influence of a power
engineering on the environment and, first of all, should be to connected with
saving of traditional sorts of fuels by use of alternative renewable power
sources such, as the sun, wind, water, neighbouring layers of the Earth and so
on.
Solar radiation can be
referred to a low potential power stream at the Earth surface. Those
engineering solutions, which at the moment solve this task, basically are intended
for deriving hot water, air and for other auxiliary purposes. Known engineering
solutions used for deriving the electric power and based on direct
transformation of solar radiation into the electric power, have not found any
industrial application because of their costliness and the low efficiency. And
the methods, based on concentration of solar radiation up to large magnitudes,
are rather complicated, are inconvenient in maintenance and give the electric
power with a rather high cost price.
We know the other method,
which permits in a more simple and effective way to transform solar radiation
into electrical aspect of energy, and using already known knots, mechanisms and
aggregates.
We have completely refused
the traditional scheme of use of solar radiation (many disadvantages: the large
areas taken under solar panels, reduction of efficiency of transformation of
solar radiation because of a dust content of solar panels, low EFFICIENCY of
transformation). We have applied the essentially new thermodynamic cycle
exceeding a cycle of Carnot, Rankin, Brighton, we have used the warmth of the
environment. 2 patent applications are already sent from 12.12.2000 (1. A
method of gas compression and device for its realization; 2. A method of a
working body cool-off and device for its realization) also positive decisions
are obtained on issue of the patents - publication is stipulated by
"Rospatent" in June - July 2002. 2 applications are ready for
submission, including application as a whole on Solar Power Plant (SPP).
Is absent as such special
heliotransduser. In quality We use heliotransduser in the capacity of natural
structures accompanying residential and industrial objects, for example, loft
cavities, in which air heats the summer from a roof irradiated with solar rays.
In the other case air is simply used heated by the sun at a surface of ground. Hot
air 15-30°C (in some breadthes can achieve magnitude and
above) suck in by an air intake of SPP, which has large factor of
transformation of a heat (know-how).
The application of our SPP
allows to refuse from complex and expensive heliotransdusers of a mirror or
tubular type. All of them have one defect - theoretically they should well
reflect or absorb solar radiation, and practically under effect of a ubiquitous
dust, which exists everywhere, the surface of heliotransdusers does not work as
it is necessary. Nobody will naturally wipe them from a dust, it is
inconvenient. Dust yard men create difficultly and expensive invention.
We apply SPP, in which the
heat of the heated air in summer and winter (-10°C - -30°C is too warm from the physical point of view
and our SPP will work, but only with smaller factor of transformation of heat,
than in summer) is transmitted from the first colder working body to more
heated second working body. The transmission of heat is carried out from one
natural environment to the other with simultaneous increase of exergy of the
second working body. That is why inventor of the first thermal pump (TP) lord
Kelvin has named TP as the multiplier of heat.
The transfer of heat in TP
by virtue of 2 law of thermodynamics is impossible without the costs of
mechanical power. Then the efficiency of TP is evaluated by a conversion
efficiency j, which displays in how many times, the
obtained heat in unit of times more, than heat expended by the drive of TP. Best
world samples of TP have j » 3-10 and consequently TP are widely
applied to different technological processes on use of overflow heat to its
return in a technological line-up. Existing TP with small j are hardly suitable for heating houses, cottages, as they concede to
gas or electrical heating. For the TP to be economically more effective than
gas heating, TP should have j ³ 30-50. And it signifies, that at a
transfer price of electrical energy US $0,02-0,04 / kW*hour TP with j ³ 30 will supply the costs US $0,00013-0,0019 / kW of consumed energy. The
power on an output is ensured at such consumption on an input about 50 kW of
the made energy from low potential heat of an environment - air (we accept in
account the worse variant - atmospheric air; factor of transformation of a heat
naturally increases at any alternate variants with a overflow heat from the
acting enterprises). This energy will suffice to heat any cottage. We know how
to create such a TP. Having TP with large j ³ 30-50 it is more expedient to use
it in power stations of new generation - SPP for manufacture of the electric
power in industrial scales, the power carrier for which atmospheric air will be
even with temperature lower 0°C.
It is possible to create a
drive for the cargo ground transport, road and railway, water transport, and in
the long term and for automobile. Our SPP with large j makes energy (thermal), which will suffice its own needs (for the own
drive, that is for maintenance of a power feed), and surplus to give back to
the consumer: mechanical energy for the drive of propellers (wheels, the screw
propeller); for tractors; for the drive of the electrical generator with the
purpose of production of the electric power.
Basis SPP is:
a. Special compressor of adiabatic
compression of air is with the large efficiency = 0,99, aspiring to 1;
b. Slow-moving expansion engine with
efficiency = 0,98¸0,99 (we have created such);
c. Air ventilator for a forced forcing
of air in the special compressor;
d. The electrogenerator with the board
of monitoring and regulation;
e. Special device for maintaining own
operation;
f. Device of return positive
communication - pipelines, reinforcing, regulators.
In accordance with increase
of power SPP the specific power per unit mass will be augmented and at power of
200 kW can constitute 1,5-2 kW on 1 kg of a mass. On the technical essence our
SPP is a drive of 2 type, for which power carrier is soft heat of an
environment - air, water and s. f., heated by the sun.
SPP means some updatings:
·
For
heating cottages and deriving of hot water - US $1,5-2,0 thousand;
·
100 kW
for cargo means of transport (cargo, railway, tractors) in a mode of production
of redundant mechanical energy - US $3 thousand;
·
5-10
MW for railway transport - US $1-3 million in a mode of production of
mechanical energy;
·
100 MW
in a mode of production of electrical energy - US $20 million.
Experiments confirming
working capacity of our development were conducted for those nodes and aggregates,
which for today nobody produces and can not produce because do not know how to
do it.
Area of application: oil
and marine fields, where it is necessary to avoid problems of trans-electric
lines and underwater cables, extraction of potable water in droughty regions
from under ground, when earlier the extraction was unprofitable; supply with
the electric power from 1000 up to 10000 people, separate factories and
enterprises.
We are open for contacts to
western firms both on territory of Russia, and on territory of the interested
firm. We are ready to produce a demonstration sample with needed power for the
interested firms at their expense with obligatory registration of all legal
documents.
Comparative
characteristics:
|
¹ of items |
Basic characteristics |
Known solar power plant |
New solar power plant |
|
1. |
Efficiency of the transformation of solar radiation to electrical
energy |
About 0.3 |
Are higher 0.7 |
|
2. |
Principle of activity |
Direct or indirect transformation |
Combination transformation low potential of heat |
|
3. |
Basic purpose |
Obtaining a hot water |
Obtaining electrical energy |
The period of repayment
makes 1 year, fulfillment – 0.35 year, the investment are US $1 million,
payment of the know-how – US $5 million.