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1. Plants scandent (vining) & ovary always inferior.....2
1. Plants erect (shrubby) & ovary inferior or superior.....10
2. leaves evergreen, only fertile flowers exist.....3
2. leaves deciduous, fertile & sterile flowers occur.....4

3. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea serratifolia

4. stamens 9 - 15 (uncommon in gardens).....5
4. stamens 15 - 20 (common garden form).....6

5. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea anomala subsp. anomala

5. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris

10. inflorescence an erect or conical cluster.....11
10. inflorescence a flat-topped cluster.....20
11. leaves pinnately lobed & ovary inferior.....12
11. leaves unlobed & ovary half-inferior.....13

12. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea quercifolia & cultivars

13. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea paniculata

20. ovary inferior in fruit and flower.....21
20. ovary half-inferior in both flower & fruit.....40
20. ovary inferior in flower & half-inferior in fruit.....50
21. bract broadly ovate to orbicular & capsules pubescent.....22
21. bract lanceolate to narrowly ovate & capsule glabrous.....23

22. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea involucrata

23. fertile flowers blue, densely hirsute.....24
23. fertile flowers white, hairs scattered.....30
24. velutinous & fleshy trichomes, lvs. 15 - 25 cm wide.....25
24. velutinous & strigose below , lvs. 5 - 35 cm wide.....26
24. velutinous , lvs. 9 - 25 cm wide.....27

25. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea aspera subsp. sargentiana

26. petioles 5 to 17 cm long, ovate to broadly ovate.....28
26. petioles 1 to 5 cm long, lanceolate to narrowly ovate.....29

28. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea aspera subsp. robusta

29. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea aspera subsp. strigosa

27. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea aspera subsp. aspera

30. leaves green & glabrous below except on midrib below.....31
30. leaves grey & densely pubescent below.....32
30. leaves white & densely tomentose below.....33

33. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea arborescens subsp. radiata

31. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea arborescens subsp. arborescens

32. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea arborescens subsp. discolor

40. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea heteromalla

50. petals 3-4 mm, capsules 6-8 mm; leaves glabrous, glossy.....51
50. petals 2-3 mm, capsules 3-6 mm; leaves pubescent, dull .....52

51. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. macrophylla

52. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. serrata

51. all flowers sterile.....53
51. flowers both sterile and fertile in 1 inflorescence.....54

53. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. macrophylla f. macrophylla

54. POSSIBLE ID=Hydrangea macrophylla subsp. macrophylla f. normalis
