207: Undersea Warfare (USW) Mission Area

References:
[a] NTP-S-50-8208F, Navy Training Plan Aircraft Carrier Tactical Support Center (CV-TSC) AN/SQQ-34/A/B/C
[b] NAVEDTRA 12000, Airman
[c] NAVAIR AE-CVATC-OPM-000, Carrier Air Traffic Control Handbook
[d] The Bluejacket�s Manual (Twenty-First Edition)

207.1.1 Discuss the following detection systems:

a. CV Fast Time Analyzer System (CV FTAS) - Used by UnderSea Warfare Module (USWM) to download and analyze sonar data as received by ASW aircraft.
b. H-60 - Refer to Common Core Section 109 c. S-3B - Refer to Common Core Section 109

207.1.2Discuss the following direction systems:

a. Combat Direction Center (CDC)

207.1.3 Discuss the following delivery systems:

a. S-3B - Refer to Common Core Section 109
b. H-60 - Refer to Common Core Section 109
c. F/A-18 - Refer to Common Core Section 109

207.1.4 Discuss the following destruction systems:

a. Torpedoes

The Mk-46 is the primary weapon used in ASW. Launched from any number of aircraft, it is designed to search for, detect, attack, and destroy submarines. The torpedo can be configured into exercise configurations (called an "exercise shot") for training use.
The tactical torpedo consists of a nose section, warhead, control group, long fuel tank, and after body. The physical characteristics (weight, length, etc) Carry with the configuration and launch accessories attached. The Mk 46 can be configured with launch accessories for helo- or fixed-wing launch.
The Mk-46 can also be launched from surface ships via launching tubes mounted on or within the hull of the ship, or as part of the Anti-Submarine Rocket (ASROC) system. The Mk-46 is salt-water activated, and uses OTTO fuel II for its propulsion.
Torpedoes may be launched from submarines, surface ships, helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft. They are also used as parts of other weapons; the Mark 46 torpedo becomes the warhead section of the ASROC (Anti-Submarine rocket) and the Captor mine uses a submerged sensor platform that releases a torpedo when a hostile contact is detected. The three major torpedoes in the Navy inventory are the Mark 48 heavyweight torpedo, the Mark 46 lightweight and the Mark 50 advanced lightweight.
The MK-48 is designed to combat fast, deep-diving nuclear submarines and high performance surface ships. All Navy submarines carry it. The improved version, MK-48 ADCAP, is carried by attack submarines, the Ohio class ballistic missile submarines and will be carried by the Seawolf class attack submarines. The MK-48 replaced both the MK-37 and MK-14 torpedoes. The MK-48 has been operational in the U.S. Navy since 1972. MK-48 ADCAP became operational in 1988 and was approved for full production in 1989.
The MK-46 torpedo is designed to attack high performance submarines, and is presently identified as the NATO standard. The MK-46 Mod 5 torpedo is the backbone of the Navy's lightweight ASW torpedo inventory and is expected to remain in service until the year 2015.
The MK-50 is an advanced lightweight torpedo for use against the faster, deeper-diving and more sophisticated submarines. The MK-50 can be launched from all ASW aircraft, and from torpedo tubes aboard surface combatant ships. The MK-50 will eventually replace the MK-46 as the fleet's lightweight torpedo.
MK-48 and MK-48 ADCAP torpedoes can operate with or without wire guidance and use active and/or passive homing. When launched they execute programmed target search, acquisition and attack procedures. Both can conduct multiple reattacks if they miss the target. The MK-46 torpedo is designed to be launched from surface combatant torpedo tubes, ASROC missiles and fixed and rotary wing aircraft. In 1989, a major upgrade program began to enhance the performance of the MK-46 Mod 5 in shallow water. Weapons incorporating these improvements are identified as Mod 5A and Mod 5A(S).

b. Mines

Aircraft laid mines may be used in either offensive or defensive capacities. In either case, the primary objective is to defend or control straits, port approaches, convoy anchorages, and seaward coastal batteries.
Aircraft mine delivery has been the principal method for large-scale mining attacks into enemy coastal and port areas. Mines that are delivered by aircraft are usually carried and dropped in much the same manner as bombs. Mines have different ballistic flight paths than bombs, and usually require parachutes.
Mines can be categorized into the following categories:

1) Contact Mines - Can be moored to the ocean floor, or left to float though shipping channels. These mines detonate upon contact with the skin of the ship. The mines may be magnetized to hold them against the ship's surface, allowing the ship time to make harbor before detonating. This will allow the mine to inflict damage on any ships anchor or moored near the original ship.

2) Influence Mines - Usually left to sit on the floor of shallow waterways, these mines are activated by various methods. As a ship passes over the mine, the mine senses the pressure difference created by the movement of the ship through the water. The mine can be programmed to allow a specific number of ships to pass before detonating. Other mine types detect the disruption of magnetic fields as the ship passes over head. Ships utilize de-gaussing equipment to counter this type of mine.
The MK56 ASW mine (the oldest still in use) was developed in 1966. Since that time, more advances in technology have given way to the development of the MK60 CAPTOR (short for "encapsulated torpedo"), the MK62 and MK63 Quickstrike and the MK67 SLMM (Submarine Launched Mobile Mine). Most mines in today's arsenal are aircraft delivered to target.


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AZC(AW/NAC) Kimberly King