TECHNICAL REPORT June 30, 1980

THE NOR, X1-11 NEURO-OPTICAL-RESPONSE

DEFINITION:

An electronic device for the purpose of presenting a harmonious blending of temporal relationships between light and sound; and thereby -- thru psycho-bio-cybernetics -- a new dimension of communications utilizing bio-telemetry can be created.

HYPOTHESIS:

The harmonious blending of specific light and sound patterns will trigger a spontaneous and specific response/reaction on any, or all, of the para-psycho-biological measurements of EKG, EEG, blood pressure, Kirlian energy fields, endocrine secretion, thermographic readings, galvanic skin response and other measurements emphasizing optic and auditory nerve firing. The responses/reaction will be seen on bio-systems within one person and BETWEEN TWO AND MORE PEOPLE; also, subjectively, the people experiencing the patterns of light and sound will report a feeling of well being and harmony within themselves.

IMPLICATIONS:

The merging of thought with light and sound thru bio-telemetry and psychocybernetics will offer a new frontier in physical non- ethereal awareness. Imagine for a moment, that a dolphin is taught to respond to specific patterns of light and sound thru cybernetics. Then, a human being is trained using the same procedure. Now, thru musical sounds which have meaning to both the dolphin and human, reliable communications can be established.

DESIGN AND PRE-PLACEMENT REVIEW:

The design of the NOR X1-11 was completed in April of 1981 and subsequently reviewed by various Bio-Medical Research groups, wherein (specific) applications for usage were identified. The NOR was designed as a multi-task devise, and not limited to one set field of Bio-Technology...

APPLICATION SUMMERY:

Physical Restorative Services, Audio/Speech Therapy, Cronic Pain/ Trauma, Sleep/Dream Research, Stress Management, Applied Biofeedback Techniques, Neurosensory stimulation, Cetaceans Comunication, Near death experience (applied science of), Etc, Etc...

REQUEST FOR PLACEMENT:

July 13, 1981

Mr. Brian Scott, CITE 15560 Tustin Village Way, Number 53 Tustin, California 92680

Dear Brian (Re: The NOR X1-11),

We were most impressed with the capabilities of the instrument you and your colleagues designed. After some discussion, we feel that there are several ways we could use your equiptment in our research and clinical work.

We are located in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at UCI Medical Center in Orange, California. As faculty members of the Medical School, we attempt to provide the most advanced clinical care and also to explore new frontiers of treatment techniques. Our research tends to be applied science rather than pure science. In this department we see many patients with brain injuries as well as providing consultation to other departments of the hospital, including Neurology and Neurosurgery. We also operate a biofeedback laboratory service, which serves a variety of needs from muscle reduction to anxiety reduction. We anticipate the addition of an Apple II plus computer to our services in the near future (4-6 weeks).

Our interest in the equiptment you have designed is to use it as a research tool, with the goal of making clinical applications and advancing knowledge in the area of biofeedback and sensory stimulation. Ideas we would explore would be as follows:

1. The effects of carefully-controlled auditory and visual stimulation on the agitation often seen in head trauma patients.

2. The effects of multimodel feedback of varying intensities on the learning curves of biofeedback patients.

3. The effects of matching sensory stimulation to the arousal level of patients both in the agitated patient, and the patient with cronic pain.

Our situation within a University Medical School setting would allow participation of other qualified researchers in our exploration of the possible uses of the equipment. We would publish any significant results in professional journals.

We hope you will give careful consideration to us as recipients of this prototype (The NOR X1-11) you have developed.

Yours truly,

James Jennison, Ph.D. Clinical Instructor Director, Biofeedback Laboratory

Robert J. Sbordone, Ph.D. Assistant Adjunct Professor Chief of Psychological Services Director, Neuropsychology Laboratory ******************************************************************

August 7, 1981

Mr. Brian Scott, CITE 15560 Tustin Villiage Way, Number 53 Tustin, CA 92680

Dear Brian and Marla:

Dr. Chris Cozby and I very much appreciated the opportunity to observe the X1-11 in action last week. We have determined that there are several uses to which the Psychology Department at CSUF could put that equipment. These uses would be both in the area of classroom instruction (which is our primary function) and in the area of research (to which we are strongly committed).

Instructional Uses:

1) In Psychology 321 (Physiological Psychology) the X1-11 would be used to monitor and display changes in physiological responses, after these responses have been converted to audio signals by our EEG, EMG, GSR, and skin temperature biofeedback units. Twelve sections of this class (enrollment=240) are offered each academic year.

2) The unit would be used in our Medical Psychology Class (60 students/year) in which graduate students receive instruction in biofeedback and stress management. In this class, the X1-11's uses as a biofeedback unit and as an audio-visual relaxation aid would be prominent.

3) Some of our Introductory Psychology (enrollment=1500 students/year) are taught in large lecture halls where some of the students would have a difficult time perceiving the usual demonstrations of changes in biopotentials. The X1-11 would make such changes obvious, and more interesting to all in the class.

4) The X1-11 would be used in our laboratory course in sensation and perception (80 students/year) both as a stimulus used to aid in the arousal of certain moods or feeling states, and as a means of monitoring and displaying subjects' physiological responses to stimuli that are presented.

5) Once a year, the device would be used in a 3 hour demonstration of biofeedback techniques as part of a course entitled Contemporary Issues in Psychology (Psychology 150) Approximately 150 students are expected to enroll in this course each year.

Research uses:

The major research application for the X1-11 would probably be in my own laboratory in which I and my students have been carrying out EEG studies investigating hemispheric differences in the EEGs of dyslexic vs. normal people and also investigating the effects of EEG biofeedback (theta rhythms) upon creativity scores of human subjects. Both the visual and the possible tactual feedback provided by the X1-11 would, in my opinion, be far superior to the rise or fall of a simple tone or a light presently used to place the subject in contact with their own brain activity. Of course, other investigators may find uses for the X1-11 once they see it in action and realize its capabilities.

Finally, it should be mentioned that the Department has determined to obtain a Cyborg Biolab system which is Apple based. This acquisition will take place within a year. We already have an Apple II plus for research purposes and would obtain another in connection with the Biolab. As you pointed out, the X1-11 is compatible with Apple which should greatly expand our uses of your machine as outlined above.

Thank you for the opportunity to examine the X1-11 and to submit our usage statement. We look forward to hearing from you and would welcome a walk-through of our facilities by your people.

Sincerely,

Richard A. McFarland, Professor, Psychology Department, California State University, Fullerton ***************************************************************** PLACEMENT STATEMENTS:

November 9, 1981

Brian Scott, CITE Marla Park, CITE 1603 N. Parton Santa Ana, CA 92706

Dear Mr. Scott and Ms. Park:

We are extremely pleased to accept the NOR X1-11 machine in our facility to serve as a medical/educational tool utilizing bio-feedback technology.

You can be assured that your primary desire will be fulfilled in that through the Easter Seals Society-RIO's guidance and administration, children and adults throughout Orange County coming to our facility for service, will benefit greatly from the utilization of the NOR X1-11.

Even though the machine has been physically placed at our facility here at RIO and will be utilized through our staff, we do understand and adhere to the request that the documents and development rights are to be held in trust by the Easter Seal Society of Orange County, and that said documentation and blueprints and other technical information shall be available to other rehab institutes, hospitals, medical centers and universities that would meet similar useage applications on file with Easter Seal at this time, subject to terms established by the Easter Seal Society of Orange County.

We commend you and appreciate your dedication, laborous endeavor and support to a worthwhile project that will be a beneficial gain to the handicapped persons of our community.

Sincerely,

Praim S. Singh, M.S.W. Executive Director Easter Seal Society of Orange County ****************************************************************

Subject: The NOR-X1-11

September 5, 1996

To Whom It May Concern:

In the early 1980's Brian and Marla Scott graciously donated an apparatus, the NOR-X1-11, to California State University Fullerton. They demonstrated that the NOR had the ability to generate sound (over binaural earphones), light (via a light organ) and tactile vibration (via a pad on which both the base of the apparatus and the subject's feet rested).

As all three modalities of simulation were correlated, the sensory effect on the subject as magnified beyond what would be expected from any single modality of input. The closest description I can think of it that it appeared that I was immersed in the stimulus (e.g. music).

During the years 1983-1991 inclusively, I employed the NOR in several experiments designed to test the effect of music of different types presented in different ways upon subjects' emotions, physiological processes and performance on tasks carried out during the music. The apparatus served my purposes well, even though I didn't make full use of all its possibilities.

The following is a list of publications that resulted from research in which the NOR was employed.

McFarland, R.A. (1984) Effects of music upon emotional content of TAT stories. The Journal of Psychology, 116, 1227-234.

McFarland, R.A. (1985) Relationship of skin temperature changes to the emotions accompanying music. Biofeedback and Self Regulation, 10, 255-263.

McFarland, R.A., and Kennison, R. (1988) Asymmetrical effects of music upon spatial-sequential learning. The Journal of General Psychology-Comparative, 115, 263-272.

McFarland, R.A., and Kennison, R. (1989) Handedness affects emotional valence assymmetry. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 68, 435-441.

McFarland, R.A., and Kennison, R. (1989) Asymmetry in the relationsahip between finger temperature changes and emotional state of males. Biofeedback and Self Regulations, 14, 281-290.

McFarland, R.A., and Kennison, R. (1989) Music affects learning of a Braille-like task by sighted subjects. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 69, 923-929.

The NOR has also been used in the collection of data reported in a masters thesis, as well as in the collections of data reported in seven papers presented at scientific conferences. Finally, the NOR-X11 has been used to good effect in classroom demonstrations of inter sensory interaction. If you would like further information do not hesitate to contact me.

Richard A. McFarland, Professor, Psychology Department, California State University, Fullerton (richard_mcfarland@qmail.fullerton.edu)