Ampere, Andre
Marie (1775-1836) France. Founder of the science of
electrodynamics. He was the first man to develop
measuring techniques for electricity, and he built the
first free-moving needle to measure the flow of
electricity (later called the galvanometer).
Becquerel, Antoine
Cesar (1788-1878) France. Physicist, research and
discoveries in the areas of electricity, magnetism and
electrochemistry.
Becquerel, Antoine
Henri (1852-1908) France. Physicist,. Important
research in spectrum analysis, phosphorescence, and the
absorption of light.
Braille,
Louis (1809-1852) France. Blind from the age of
three. Founder of the Institute for the Blind in Paris,
developed the very successful tactile point writing
method for the blind, called the Braille System.
Caesalpino,
Andrea (1519-1603) Italy. Physician to Pope Clement
VIII. He was the author of the system of botanical
classification.
Carrell,
Alexis (1873-1944) France. Surgeon and biologist.
Worked in the United States from 1905-1939 developing
techniques for grafting, suturing blood vessels;
improved safety of blood transfusions.
Copernicus,
Nicolaus (1473-1543) Poland. Studied mathematics and
science, astronomy and canon law in Italy.
Coulomb, Charles
Augustin de (1736-1806) France. Coulomb was a Catholic
physicist who developed Coulomb's Law, which states that
the force between two electrical charges is proportional
to the product of the charges and inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between them.
Descartes,
Rene (1596-1650) France. Philosopher and
mathematician. Catholicism exerted a strong influence
throughout his life, but his own
philosophy was a novelty and therefore flawed. He
was attracted to the problems of philosophy and
mathematics, studying optics, geometry, and
astronomy.
Endlicher, Stephen
Ladislaud (1804-1849) Hungary. Philosopher and botanist.
Instrumental in the establishment of the Vienna Academy
of Sciences.
Eustachius,
Bartolommeo (1525?- 1587) Italy. Anatomist. Conducted
research in the evolution and development of the teeth,
kidney structures, cranial nerves and muscles of the
head and neck.
Fabricius, Girlamo
Fabrizio (1537-1619) Italy. Anatomist pioneering in the
study of the effects of valves and ligatures of
veins.
Fizeau, Armand
Hippolyte Louis (1819-1896) France. Physicist. He made the
first accurate determination of the speed of
light.
Foucalt, Jean Bernard
Leon (1819-1868) France. Physicist trained in
medicine, but devoted much of his life to
physics.
Fraunhofer, Joseph
Von (1787-1826) Germany. Optician and physicist.
Investigated refraction and dispersion of light, which
led to the development of the spectroscope.
Fresnal, Augustin
Jean (1788-1827) France. Fresnal experimented
extensively in the phenomenon of light. We know him well
for the development of the Fresnal lenses, a type of
compound lens used to produce the parallel beams of
light necessary for the efficient operation of
navigational lights.
Galileo
(1564-1642) Italy. Scientist.
Contributed much to mechanics, physics and astronomy.
Galileo applied mathematics, careful
observation,
experimentation and inductive reasoning to
understand physical phenomenon.
Galvani,
Luigi (1737-1798) Italy. Anatomist, physiologist.
Experimented with the effects of electricity on muscle
tissue.
Gutenberg,
Johan (1400?-1468) Germany. Printer. Pioneer in the
use of moveable type.
Holland, John
Phillip ((1844-1914) Irish American inventor educated at
the Christian Brother's School in Limerick, Ireland.
Developed the first practical submarine for military
use.
Letreille, Pierre
Andre (1762-1833) France. While studying for the
priesthood in Paris, his interest in zoology led him to
contribute several papers on insects to various
scientific societies.
Lavoisier, Antoine
Laurent (1743-1794) France. Chemist. Father of modern
chemistry.
Malphighi,
Marcello (1628-1694) Italy. Anatomist appointed chief
physician to Pope Innocent XII. Malphighi is the founder
of microscopic anatomy.
Marconi, Marchese
Guglielmo (1847-1937) Italy. Electrical engineer and
inventor. He designed and operated the first practical
radio signaling system.
Mariotte,
Edme (1620?-1684) France. Physicist and prior of St.
Martin sous Beaune in Dijon. Independently formulated
the physical principle of gases commonly known as Boyles
Law.
Mendel, Gregor
Johann (1822-1884) Austria. Augustinian priest and
botanist. Performed experiments in hybridization and the
statistical analysis of long term genetic
probability.
Morgagni,
Giovann (1682-1771) Italy. Pathologist. Founder of
modern pathology. Made important studies of
aneurysms.
Pasteur,
Louis ((1822-1895) France. The founder of
physio-chemistry, the father of bacteriology, and the
inventor of bio-therapeutics.
Regiomontanus, (Johann
Muller) (1436-1476) Germany. Mathematician and
astronomer. Collaborated with his patron, Bernhard
Walther, in the construction of astronomical and
mathematical instruments.
Secchi,
Angelo (1818-1878)
Italy. Astronomer. Trained as a Jesuit, Secchi
did some work in the U.S. His chief discoveries were in
the areas of solar physics and spectrum
analysis.
Torricelli,
Evangelista (1608-1647) Italy. Mathematician and physicist.
He is best known for his development of the barometer,
the space between the top of the tube and the mercury
bears his name (Torricellian vacuum).
Volta, Count
Alesandro (1745-1827) Italy. Physicist. Studied the
phenomenon of frictional electricity, devised many
experiments igniting gases with electrical sparks in
closed containers.
