WPC2 ՅIxe[?($ |rR /Q_=kdI'kݸX_^f'Tx*[ULBˀ\/PQiNhYشeMAG.r%: BdL{ *C FbR ,7a>8=}`;;uJT5rxSЌ}:Pwt欷ۉ !pj6&s5ѐ}fMIIfM1R(ƋAUTc@"pTl3϶L^4~+>.[veϫlɤ@B@y'P°RZavNev ua_*E,yMV8M˜;u{!r؃P8qǩ\{[ ?߈ 6/ |釵c #!U.N %/ 0(5w@]4fa mfaN ^ U :U:UfaUF--Ts 0N BCanon BJ-200ex_,,,,_0(  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($ 5 U6 #7 v8 %9 v: v; < W= /> B$3|x> TABLE AUTABLE B]$0a Z"StopD Regular-@~AZ"Arial Regular  BCSEF MCSrecon EFsstarshipstarhiphoverbikeTABLE C-@Z.ZapfEllipt BT Romanhttp://poky.srv.net/~hwkwnd/homepage.html(O$ d !  >   *,X,` XX*p XXQ pStarfarerPlayersGuideVersion0.2OLOnlineversionThisdocumentiscopyright1998byAlanD.Kohler.Permissiongrantedtocopyanddistributethisdocumentinitsoriginal,unalteredformforpersonaluseonly.OnlineinformationontheStarfarerSFRPGareat:4 O  5  #X<XQY#BlXX<http://poky.srv.net/~hwkwnd/homepage.html#X<XBl##XXXX __ yXX> *,X,` XX*>  !y !!  Chapter_Ԁ2:Skillmechanicsandtaskresolution# !! 0##y! #  XXyXXXX$* XX; (X(#(#(; 2.1Definitions#XX $*-##XXXX# U W XX7 (X(#(#(7   Thefollowingaresomebasicdefinitionswhich  Z maybehelpfulwhennavigatingthetasksystemalltold,thetasksystemisprettystraightforward,buttoutilizeitinitswhole,understandingthesetermswillmakethe taskalittleeasier0   AppropriateTraits:Alistoftraits(usually2)thatare    tobeusedwhendeterminingtheBCSforagiventask.0`   2 ` `  0   AutomaticFailureLevel(AFL):Percentilenumberat G  orabovewhichfailureisautomatic,regardlessofthecharacterstraitlevels.  0   BaseChanceofSuccess(BCS):Usuallyderivedfrom F  thesumofthe2AppropriateTraits.BCSis  [ multipliedbytheEaseFactorofataskto   determinetherollneededtosucceed. 0   EaseFactor(EF):Factorthatdeterminestheeaseof Z successforasimpletask.Easefactorismultipliedbybasechanceofsuccess(BCS)todeterminethebasicpercentilenumber(orless)neededtosucceedinasimpletask.ThehighertheEaseFactorofatask,theeasieritistoperformingeneral.  0   EaseModifiers(EM):Bonusesorpenaltiesappliedto   theEaseFactor(EF)ofataskduetothe  situationathand.  0   Goal:PartoftheTaskProfile,theGoaldescribesthe  \ basicobjectivethatwillbeachievedifthecharactersucceedsinthetask.  0   ModifiedChanceofSuccess(MCS):Thenumberor [! lessthataplayermustrollond%tosucceedatatask.ThisnumberisusuallyfoundbymultiplyingtheBasicChanceofSuccess(BCS)bytheEase !$ Factor(EF).o"% 0   SimpleTask:Ataskinwhichitisonlyimportantto 4#& determinewhethertheattemptedactionsucceedsorfails;determininghowwellthecharactersucceedsorfailsisnotimportant.  0   Successbasedtask:Taskinwhichthemarginby H&!* whichthecharactersucceedsorfailsisimportantindeterminingtheactualoutcomeofthetask.  0   Successlevel,orLevelofSuccess(LOS):Determined (#- whenperformingasuccessbasedtask,LOS \)$. describeshowwellthecharactersucceededisthe !*q%/ taskbeyondachievingtheminimumgoalofthetask.  0   0  Task:Achallengepresentedtothecharacterduring p,'2 thegame.Thechanceofresolvingataskisbasedonthecharactersskillsandattributes;successor-J)4 failureatthetaskisdeterminedbyadiceroll. D(#D(# 0 D  TaskProfile:Aformatthattasksarewritteninthat 5 gathersalltheneededinformationaboutthetaskinonelocationforeasyreference. D(#D(# 0 D  Trait:TermencompassingtheAttributesandSkillsof  i8 thecharacter.Traitsareusedindeterminingthechanceofsuccessataskill. D(#D(#   W$*  2.2SimpleTasks#  $*##W  # - }<  D A simpletaskdoesnotrefertohoweasythetaskistoperformforthecharacter.Asimpletaskismerelythebasictypeoftaskin= SAGE= = _Starfarer_= ,inwhichitisonlydeterminedwhetherthecharactersucceededorfailed;itisnotimportanttodeterminehowwellthecharactersucceededorfailed. D Tasksarewritteninauniformformatthatgathersalltheneededinformationinoneplace.Anexampleofasimpletaskmightbeasfollows:5 5 8 2 *ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#2 8 8 *ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#8 7 2 ,dd 2 7 8 7 ,xdd 7 8 8 ,z dd 8 +  #  H 0#Tonoticethatthebriefcaseshavebeenswitched: .$<I 00  0.(Perception,Surveillance),x3 aJ 00 0GM:Hiddenroll.6K 00  7 (X(7 6 , *e dddd (#(#e, - , dd - +  . #  ']"K 0#. Tonoticethatthebriefcaseshavebeenswitched:. .$='"L 00  0.. (Perception,Surveillance),x3. b(#M 00 0. GM:Hiddenroll.)$N 00  6 : (X(#(#(:  D Youwillnoticethatthisseemsfairlystraightforward,butwellbreakitdownforyouforfuturereference: D Thefirstboxiscalledthe header,itcontainsonlythegoalofthetask. TP  D Tonoticethatthebriefcasehasbeenswitchedthis,the Headerofthetask,iscalledthegoal.The R goaldescribes,insimpleterms,whatthetaskwillaccomplishifsuccessfulincombat. D Thesecondboxisthe Probabilitybox. D (Perception,Surveillance),ThesearetheAppropriatetraits.Usuallytherewillbe2traitslisted g#W here;simplyaddupthevaluesoftheappropriatetraitstodeterminethecharactersBCSforthistask. D x3"ThisistheEaseFactorterm.Multiplythis %!Z numberbytheBCStofindthecharacterschanceto {&![ succeedatthistask(alsocalledMCS),expressedasa @'"\ percentile. D Anyotherboxes(inthiscase,only1)are Informationboxes.Informationboxesgiveinformationonmodifyingandinterpretingthetask.Inthiscase,thephrase GM:HiddenrollletstheGMknowthatheshouldrolltheresultwithoutinformingtheplayersofthereasontherollisbeingmade.Iftherollissuccessful,theGMwilltellthecharacter(s) h-(d _whattheynoticed.  This profilemayseemveryformal,andsomewhatunnecessary,andtoacertainextentitis.Forthemostpart,tasksareeasyenoughforacompetentGMtomakeuponthefly.However,somesuccessbasedtaskshavemanypossiblemodifiersandpotentialresults,andtheprofilehelpskeepeverythingstraight(suchasinthecaseofcombattasks,aswillbeseen).UtilizingtaskprofilesallowstheGMtointroduceahigherlevelofdetailintotheactionofthegame,ifneeded.XX W2.2.1SimpleTaskResolution#W XX-%#  <    Todeterminewhetheracharacterissuccessfulatatask,multiplytheBCSbytheEaseFactor(EF)tofindthemodifiedchanceofsuccess(MCS).Thenrollpercentiledice.IftherollisLESSTHANOREQUALTOtheMCS,thenthetaskissuccessful.IfthepercentilerollisGREATERTHANtheMCS,thenthecharacterhasfailedatthetask.0   Example:JacobThunderisattemptingtheabovetask.  ItjustsohappensthatJacobisareconspecialist,andhasaPerceptionattributeof6,andhasasurveillanceskillof3.HisBCSforthistaskis(6+3),or9,andsohehasamodifiedchanceof(9x3)or27%tonoticethataparticularpairofbriefcaseshavebeenswitched.TheDMrollsthediceforJacob(normally,Jacobsplayerwouldrollthediceforhim,butinthiscase,therollishidden,sotheDMrolls)andcomeup44,soJacobisoblivioustothefactthatthe2briefcasesofconcernhavebeenswitched.  XX W2.2.2TheSuccessTable#W XX)# #   OneachcharacterisaSuccessTable.Basically,itisamultiplicationtablewithsomegameterminologynotesintheperiphery.Thistableisplacedconvenientlytohelpspeedplayduringthegame,andisduplicatedinTable2.1.  ThenumbershowninthetableistheModified R% * ChanceofSuccess(MCS),thenumberthatmustbe &g!+ rolledforthetasktosucceed.XX W2.2.3Automaticfailure#W XX+# f(#.  S)$/  D Youwillnotethatacombinationofhigheasefactorsandhighapplicabletraitswillproduceaveryhighchanceofsucceedingaccordingtothesuccesstableover100%.However,regardlessofhowhighonestraitsare,theGMshouldimposeasmallchanceoffailure. D Bytheautomaticfailurerule,theAutomatic N 5 FailureLevelofanytaskisequalto90plustheEFof  c6 thetasktreatingallEFsoflessthan1as0(NotethanyoushouldneverhavetoimposetheAutomatic  8 FailureLevelforTaskswithanEFoflessthanzero, b 9 butunderthemoreadvancedsuccessbasedtasks,thisdoesserveafunction.)Thisgivesanumberbetween90and100.IfthepercentilerollforsuccessisgreaterthantheAFLforthetask,thetaskautomaticallyfails,regardlessofwhatMCSisindicated.XX W2.2.4SelectingEaseFactors#W XX/#  @  D Notethattheeasefactor5columnofthesuccesstableisbold.Thisrepresentsataskofmoderatedifficultythatacompetent,talentedprofessional(totalBCS10)hasarounda50%chancetosucceedat.Similarly,relativelyeasytasks,suchaanEFx10,wouldautomaticallysucceedforthesameperson. D Conversely,anEF1ortaskisextremelychallenging,evenforaverytalentedindividual.Levels2through4representmedians,thatareverychallengingforamodestcharacter,butlesssoforahighlyskilledcharacter. D TheGMmayselectthelevelofdifficultyofavarietyofsuchtasksontheflywitharelativeamountofease.TheGMmayalsodesignatesomestandardtasksandassignmodifiersforadverse(orfavorable)conditionsasheseesfit.Forexample,theGMmayhavedecidedaheadoftime,thatpilotingagunboatthroughanarrowtrenchsafelywouldhaveanEFof5.Butiftheplayers,beingtheunpredictableentitiesthattheyare,decidetotrypilotingtheirstarshipdownthetrenchinstead,thiswouldincuranegativeeasemodifieraspilotingamassivestarhipinconfinedquartersissignificantlymoredifficultthanpilotingalowlygunboat.IftheGMimposesa2EMtothetask,theeffectiveEFofthetaskwouldbe3.Butmaneuveringasmall,agilehoverbikedownthetrenchmaybeacinchtheDMmightgranta+2forsuchanattempt,givinganeffectiveEFof7forthetask.<  >(#] < 9 (X(9 9 (X(9 XX W<  *-&] < Table2.1SuccessTable:#W XXz6#  *e ddz dd z (#(#e,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ ,^$ +  +!  $$+, WBCS: <2#D  <  EaseFactor 3)# $$   $$3 !  ! I?3  ?1?I1 wm@3  ?1 ?  @2@w2 wm@3  @2 @  @3@w3 wm@3  @3 @  @4@w4 wm@ 3  @4 @  @5@w5 wm@ 3  @5 @  @6@w6 wm@ 3  @6 @  @7@w7 wm@ 3  @7 @   @8 @w8 wm@ 3   @8  @  "@9"@w9 xn@3  "@9 "@  $@10$@x10 G3  $@10 $$ $@ E=+; 0J223456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930E$$+; 0J23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930 bg, E=+; 0J223456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930E +; 0J <4?AH)12233445566778899101011111212131314141515<?AH12233445566778899101011111212131314141515 YgI3 <4?AH)12233445566778899101011111212131314141515< ?AH E=+; 0J223456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930E+; 0J23456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930 qgf3 E=+; 0J223456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930E +; 0J JB X=oHK74681012141618202224262830323436384042444648505254565860J X=oHK4681012141618202224262830323436384042444648505254565860 vg3 JB X=oHK74681012141618202224262830323436384042444648505254565860J  X=oHK KCoLK869121518212427303336394245485154576063666972757881848790KoLK69121518212427303336394245485154576063666972757881848790 wg3 KCoLK869121518212427303336394245485154576063666972757881848790K oLK RJgTL?812162024283236404448525660646872768084889296100104108112116120RgTL812162024283236404448525660646872768084889296100104108112116120 ~g3 RJgTL?812162024283236404448525660646872768084889296100104108112116120R gTL XPNuNE101520253035404550556065707580859095100105110115120125130135140145150XNuN101520253035404550556065707580859095100105110115120125130135140145150 g3 XPNuNE101520253035404550556065707580859095100105110115120125130135140145150X NuN [S2NH121824303642485460667278849096102108114120126132138144150156162168174180[2N121824303642485460667278849096102108114120126132138144150156162168174180 g3 [S2NH121824303642485460667278849096102108114120126132138144150156162168174180[ 2N ]U>&F OJ14212835424956637077849198105112119126133140147154161168175182189196203210]>&F O14212835424956637077849198105112119126133140147154161168175182189196203210 g3 ]U>&F OJ14212835424956637077849198105112119126133140147154161168175182189196203210] >&F O _W!OL1624324048566472808896104112120128136144152160168176184192200208216224232240_!O 1624324048566472808896104112120128136144152160168176184192200208216224232240 g13 _W!OL1624324048566472808896104112120128136144152160168176184192200208216224232240_ !O `XG(B3OM18273645546372819099108117126135144153162171180189198207216225234243252261270`G(B3O18273645546372819099108117126135144153162171180189198207216225234243252261270 gN3 `XG(B3OM18273645546372819099108117126135144153162171180189198207216225234243252261270` G(B3O 2030405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300#W ,8#7-+gk3 $$   7XX W(X(#(#(2.2.5Higheasefactorsandautomatictasks#W XXM# el   TheGMmaywishtoassigneasefactorsgreaterthan10forroutinetasks,inwhichcase,theonlyrolethatdifferenceintraitsplaywillusuallybetimeittakestocompletethetask.Usually,itisbestassumedthatforanytaskwithaEFgreaterthan10,completionofthetaskisautomaticprovidedthatthecharacterhastheappropriateskillstocompletethetask.XX W2.2.6Loweasefactors(Optional)#W XXO# '#w   Modifierstoeasefactorsareusuallyexpressedasapositiveornegativenumber(e.g.,+1,2).AnymodifierthattakestheEFtolessthanoneshouldbetreatedasmodifyingtheEFto.  TheGMmayfinditdesirabletouseveryloweasefactors.Forthispurpose,eachsuccessiveEFbelowisobtainedbysubtracting1fromthevalue .T) ofMCSgivenonthesuccesstablefor1/2.ThusifacharacterwithataskBCSof10wasattemptinganEF1taskwitha2easemodifier,thetotalEFis1.Thecharacterwouldneedwouldtorolla4orlessond%tosuceed(forEFthatismodifiedto 0",thecharacterwouldneedofthierBCS,forandMCSis5.ForthemodifiedEFof1,therequiredrollisthesameastheEF,or5,minusone,foratotalof4.)Forthepurposesoflabel,EFwouldbeequivalentto EF0",andeachsmallerEFislabeledbyitsnegativemagnitude,i.e. EF1", EF2",etc.  W$*  2.3SuccessbasedTasks#  $*@T##W  !T# Q(#  D Sometimes,whetheryousucceededorfailedatanattemptedtaskisnottheonlyrelevantoutcomeofthetasksometimesitisimportanttoknowmore.Asanexample,justknowingthatyouhityourenemywillnotbeenoughinformationtoknowexactlywhathappend.YoumustalsoknowHOWWELLyouhit .W) theenemy.  ThisisaccomplishedthroughtheuseofSuccess u basedTasks.Thebasicconceptisthatbyexamining : thedicerollcomparedtothecharactersBCS,youcandeterminetheresultingSuccesslevel(alsocalled  LevelofSuccess,orLOS.)  XX W2.3.1Basicconcepts#W XXW#  c   WhendeterminingaSuccessbasedTask,youwill    havetofindyourcharactersBCSforthattaskandrollpercentiledice.Butunlikesimpletasks,youarenotshootingforjustonenumberthatyoumustrollequaltoorlessthan.Generallyspeaking,theloweryouroll,thebetter.  WhenresolvingaSuccessbasedTask,youmust c  determinetheModifiedChanceofSuccessasyoudo (x  forasimpletask(i.e.,bymultiplyingEaseFactorby =  BCS.)Justasinsimpletasks,modifiersmaybe  appliedtotheEaseFactorandBCS. w   IfrollgreaterthantheModifiedChanceof < Success,thenyouhavefailedatthetask.Ifyouroll Q lessthanorequaltotheModifiedChanceofSuccess,  youhavesucceededatthetaskandmustfindtheLevelofSuccess. P XX W2.3.2GeneratingLevelsofSuccess(LOS)#W XX \# *   TogenerateaLevelofSuccess,determinethe  BCSofthetaskasforsimpletasks.Thenrollpercentiledice.ConsulttherowcorrespondingtothetaskBCSonthesuccesstable,andcountthenumberofresultsthatarebothlessthantheMCSandgreater   thanorequaltothepercentileroll.Thenumberof e! suchresultsistheLevelofSuccess.Youcanalsodo *z" thissimplybyputtingyourfingerontheMCSonthe ?# rowcorrespondingtotheBCS.Then,movingright,  $ countoneforeachcolum,stoppingatthefirstnumberlessthanthenumberrolledond%. >"&   IfyousucceededinthetaskbutfailedtorolllowenoughthatyourrollislessthananynumbersinthecolumnstotheleftoftheMCS,thenyoustill $) succeeded,butyourLOSiszero.Thisiscalleda R% * marginalsuccess.Sucharesultmeansthatyou &g!+ succeededinthetask,butdidnotdoanythingbeyondthebasicgoalofthetask. '"- 0   Example:KitaiKurugumi,anintelligenceagentfor +){$/ theOrchidGunnermercenaryunit,isfiringalaserpistolatanopponent.Hehasaskillof5withthelaserpistol,andadexterityof7,givinghimaBCSof12forthetask.ThetaskhasanEaseFactorof5atthisrangewithalaserpistol, -T(4 buttheGMimposesaEaseFactormodifierof1-)5 duetodarkness,thusthemodifedEFforthistask 5 is4.ThismakestheMCSofthistask48(4x12=48)Kurugumisplayerrollsd%andcomesupwitha23.HecrossreferencestableontherowonwhichtheBCSis12.Twonumbers(36and 9 24)onthatrowofthetablearelessthantheMCS : (48)andgreaterthanorequaltothediceroll(23).Thus,theresultantLOSistwo. c<D(#D(# XX W2.3.3InterpretingLOS#W XXd#  >  D TheGMshouldfeelfreetointerpretthemeaningofvariousLOSs.However,ifafrequentlyusedtaskisbeingdevelopedforuseinthegame,theLOSsshouldbelistedinaninformationboxwiththetaskwriteup. D NotethatresultswithaLevelofSuccessof0isalsotermed marginalsuccesses,andusuallyrepresenttheminimumresultthatfitthedescriptionofthedesiredgoal.Forexample,inthecombatsystem,aLOS0hitiscalleda marginalhitandresultsinaminimalamountofdamage.XX W2.3.3NegativeSuccessLevels.#W XXg# L  D ThoughtheusualuseofSuccessbasedTasksis =N todeterminehowwellacharactersucceeded,theGMmayalsousethenegativeLOSnumbertodeterminehowbadthecharacterfailed!However,unlessthe Q taskisparticularlyhazardous,negativeeffectsshouldberesignedtolargernegativenumbersusually,itshouldtakeaLOSof2to5foranysignificantnegativeeffect(otherthanfailingtoachievethedesiredgoal)totakeeffect. D TofindnegativeLevelsofSuccess,counteach *zW resultontherowcorrespondingtotheBCSthatisgreaterthantheMCSandlessthanorequaltothe  Y percentileroll.XX W2.3.4ExtremelyhighLOSs(optional)#W XXj# #S\  D Occasionallyaplayerwillrollanice,lownumberτlike01thattheGMmayruleasbeingatrulyexceptionalsuccess.Onewaytohandlethisisthatifthed%rollforthetaskislessthanoftheBCS(whichistheleftmostcolumnonthetable),thenthecharactergetstheLOSequaltothattheywouldhavereceivediftheyrolledexactlytheBCS,plusan S)$d additional+1LOSforeachpointtherollislessthantheBCS.0 D  Example:LanceDetwillerispilotinghisspeederbike g,'h toavoidenemyfire.TheappropriateattributesforthistaskarehisDex,whichis6andPilot: -A)jD(#D(# Atmospheric,whichis4.ThisgiveshimaBCSof10.TheEFofthetaskis5.Lancesplayer u rollsthediceforthetaskandrollsan02!ForaBCSof10,thisislessthanthe5hewouldneedtosucceedatanEFtask.Rollinga5wouldgiveLanceaLOSof4onthistask,plustherollof2is3lessthanthe5neededfora+4LOS,sohistotalLOSis+7(thebasic+4,plus1moreforeach1%rolledundertheBCSthreshold).  XX W2.3.5AutomaticfailuresandLowLOSs#W XXp# b     AutomaticFailureLevelisusedforSuccess d  basedTasksinthesamewayasforsimpletasks(seesection2.2.3.)However,iftheGMiskeepingtrackoffailurelevelsforthetask,thefollowingrulesapply.  TheLOSofataskforwhichthedicerollisequal (x  toorgreaterthantheAFLisequaltothenormally =  determinedLOSofthetaskminusoneforeachpointtherollisovertheAFL,withamaximumvalueof1.0   Example:Twoscientistsareresearchingtheruinsof Q anancientcivilizationandaretryigtodeterminethecauseoftheirdemise.TheappropriatetraitsareReasonandArcheology.Thefirstscientisthas9resand9skill,foraBCSof18.Thesecondhas6resand6skillforatotalof12BCS.ThetaskhasanEFof7,andthusaAFLof97. 0  Scientist1rollsd%andgetsa97.TheMCSforthistaskis126.Ignoringtheautomaticfailurerule,thiswouldnormallygivehimaLOSof1,  whichwouldnormallybeconsideredsuccessful.However,therollwasatorabovetheAutomatic =! FailureLevel,theLOSisloweredto1,whichis R" consideredafailure,butjustbarely.Scientist1isbaffled,butnothingbadcomesaboutbecauseofit.Q!% Ї0 D Scientist2alsorollsd%androllsa99!HisMCSforthistaskis84.ThiswouldnormallygivehimaLOSof2,whichisbadenough,buthealso :' subtractsanadditional2becauseherolled2morepercentagepointsovertheAFL.HisfinalLOSis ) Є4!Notonlydoeshenothaveaclueconcerningwhatcausedthedemiseofthecivilization,hecomestoaconclusionthatistotallywrong! D(#D(# XX W2.3.6MechanicalFailures#W XX=x#  .  D Youmaywanttodefinesomefailuresthatarestrictlyindependantoftraitlevels,suchasmechanicalfailures.Inthiscase,donotusethedeterminednegativeLOSleveltodecidewhatundesirableeffectisinflictedonthecharacterorequipment;instead,ifapercentilerollismadethatisgreterthanthepredefinedfailurelevel,ignoretheLOSandimposeamechanicalfailure. D ThepercentagerollneededtoimposeamechanicalfailureshouldbeatleastequaltotheAFL.Typically,mostmodernmechanicaldevicesfailrarely,anditisappropriatetoonlyinstituteamechanicalfailureonad%rollof 00",orperhapsonalowernumberiftheequipmentisold,poorlydesigned,orpoorlymaintained.Asaguideline,addanadditionalpercentagepointtothespreadrequiredformechanicalfailureforeachofthesefactors.0 D  Example:Operatingequipmentonanew,well )yB maintained,welldesignedshipwouldonlyresultinamechanicalfailureona 00"(ifatthat!).Iftheshipwasold,missedascheduledoverhaul,andwasahunkofjunktobeginwith,anyoperationaltaskresultinginad%rollof97ormoremightresultinmechanicalfailure. D(#D(#