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The basic principles of non-drug therapy of high blood pressure are salt restriction, adequate intake of potassium and other minerals, restriction of fats and cholesterol in diet, maintaining ideal body weight, regular exercise, avoidance of alcohol and tobacco, and avoidance of stress. These principles can be recognized, in general, as simply controlling known risk factors for arteriosclerotic disease. The principles of non-drug therapy are listed in Table 2., below.
Non-Pharmaceutical
Therapy
These components are also recognized as beneficial in preventing coronary heart disease. There is inevitable overlap in the treatment of coronary heart disease (discussed later in this book) and the treatment of high blood pressure. This is understandable, since the two conditions are so closely linked with each other. Salt (Sodium)
Restriction Sodium occurs naturally in all foods to varying degrees, so it is impossible to make a diet completely "sodium free". Salt is more harmful to some people than others. The distinction between "sodium" and "salt" is sometimes confusing. Sodium chloride, or "salt", is about 40 percent sodium and 60 percent chloride by weight. Sodium is present in compounds other than common "salt". Some of these compounds are: Monosodium glutamate (MSG), used as a flavor enhancer; Sodium saccharin, used as a non-caloric sweetener; Disodium phosphate; a compound added to some hot cereals to shorten cooking time; Baking Soda (sodium bicarbonate); and baking powder, used as leaving agent in baked goods. |
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