Adena was born in 1900 in the leduc area, one of 10 children. She worked in Edmonton and district prior to marrying Don and settling north of Ponoka.

On a cold day in Feb. 1935, the Don Falkenberg family packed their belongings on bobsleighs, and left Leduc to settle on a farm one mile west of Dinant, NE 1/4-10-48-20-W4M. It was a 30 mile move which took well into the evening before they arrived, cold and hungry. The family of four children, Howard, Eleanor, Phyllis and Verneal, plus the drivers were welcomed with a hot meal at the Jonas Grundberg home. The farm was a half section, twice the size of the farm in Leduc and better land, except that it was covered with quack grass. Many hours were spent with horses and cultivator trying to eradicate this weed.

The depression of the thirties was perhaps at it's worst. Cars were converted to "Bennett buggies". Horses of course were still the power units of the farm. In spite of the depression a friendly community spirit remained, so many pleasant memories remain to this day of social events and work bees that were common.

The first year was plagued with a severe frost in early Aug. making the crop a very light yield and of poor quality. Added to this early winter set in with much of the crop left in the stook. Damage by mice through the winter added to the dispair. To compensate for the lack of crop income, mine props were cut and delivered to the Dinant Coal mine and traded for coal. The coal was hauled to Camrose. We also cut and delivered stove wood to Camrose and Dinant schools for the price of $2.50 per double box.

Being located on a main road west of Dinant, many rigs stopped to water their horses when hauling coal for winter heat. On pleasant days as many as 30 outfits went by with their load of energy.

Peddlars also were a common site in those days, selling their various wares. Entertainment was presented t the Dinant hall by travelling troups as well as by local talent from the schools. Original plays acted out and musical groups are recalled with pleasure and some amusement. Pie socials were held with pies being sold for the fabulous price of 25 cents to $1.25.

During those years co-operation and community effort were used in many ways. You could pay your land tax or do road work in a number of ways - 4 hoses with a large fresno, 2 horses on a plough or slip, or just to man a unit, thus getting credit on your tax bill. The telephone system was also operated by the community. I recall, Mark Cole being president, Oscar erga and Clarence Skalin being trouble shooters, and Howard Falkenberg as secretary. Wood sawing was a community affair with exchange of labor.

There was no electric power to run freezers but the beef ring was used so that you had fresh meat all summer. An animal was processed every two weeks with it being divided into 16 - 18 pieces, depending on participation. The pieces were taken in rotation so by the end of the summer you had recieved all the pieces of a complete animal and had supplied one animal of similar weight. At the end of the season the weights wrer calculated and adjustments made in cash.

One possesion that we had which was not common was a shetland pony named Teddy. Teddy went to school for more years than most children do. He knew the route so well that one cold morning while waiting for the girls to get in the cutter, he took off. Father Falkenberg took after him but when he got close enough to reach the back of the cutter, Teddy sped up. All the corners were negotiated succesfully and when the school barn was reached, Teddy stopped and waited to be unhooked. He was however directed back home at full speed. The kids at school were heard to comment that "it sure would be fun to ski behind the cutter at that speed." Hundreds of children rode Teddy, not all successfully for he knew a number of tricks to "dump new riders." Many times teddy was used to round up the milk cows from a 160 acre pasture or to bring in the work horses for the work week.

Another unusual incident took place one fall during threshing time. The machine was set in a field about a mile south of the yard. Threshing was in progress when we noticed an owl fly onto the straw pile. The owl was mesmerized by the straw from the blower and would spread his wings and let the straw cover him. It didn't work, but when the machine was moved to the other end of the field, the owl arrived as well to play in the straw. This was not the origin of "turkey in the straw."

Howard took his grade 11 subjects after regular school hours together with Melva Hillman, Joe Jaremchuck and Mary Karchut under the direction of teacher, Percy Simonson.

For 16 years we enjoyed the Dinant community with it's friendly and helpful people. Many friendships were made and remain to this day. In 1941, Roy David was born and in 1947 Howard went to Nokomis, Saskatchewan, and came back with Alice Masur as his wife and settled on the rented farm owned by Anton Chapor. The buildings were part of the village of Dinant. Our first water supply was from Lindstrand's well and Alice was seen on occasion manning the pump in front of Lindstrand's window. Alice had a good crop of tomatoes in her garden- Anton Chapor wanted his crop share of them - at least he tried to claim his share.

In 1951 the family moved to the Sifton district, southwest of Camrose on the north side of the Battle River.

Today, May, 1980, our family is scattered to various communities, Adena (Mrs. Don Falkenberg) resides in Chilliwack, B.C., Don having passed away in 1978 at the age of 84.

Howard and Alice live in Edmonton, their 4 children grown up and married. Aaron living with his wife Audrey and two children - Allison (nine) and Chad (five) in north Edmonton, producing boiler chickens. Gwen (Mrs. Gary Bistritan) is working at Alberta Bible Institute and living in Camrose. Sandra (Mrs. Kevin Quast) is residing in Kingston, Nova Scotia while her husband attends Acadia College. Brenda(Mrs. Ken Yoder) resides on a farm east of Camrose and is working in Camrose. Howard is presently president of Unifarm for the third, one year term.

Eleanor and Lloyd Bruneski reside in Agassiz, B.C. They have 5 children, 3 married, Beverly (Mrs. Len Schmidt) resideing with their 2 children in Agassiz. Raymond Bruneski, his wife and 2 children reside in Prince George, he works in the lumber industry. Dale Bruneski and his wife live in Peace River, he works in the oil fields. Danny and Glen still reside with their parents and work at the mobile trailer factory.

Phyllis and Ray Butler reside in Three Hills where Ray is chief engineer at the steam plant of Prarie Bible Istitute. They have 2 children, Bryan, attending the University of Alberta will be married in June and live in Sherwood park, and Bethe (Mrs. John Andreasson) lives in Calgary, John works with his father in the brick laying business.

Verneal and Harry Hillman reside on a farm in Ardrossan. Harry is pesently working with a building contractor having recently retired from military service. They have 3 children, Bruce at home, attending University in Edmonton, Eleanor and Linda attending public school.

Roy David and his wife Betty reside on an acerage near Erskine, producing boiler chickens. They have 3 children, Kevin, Keith and Carry all at home and attending school in Stettler.

FEROE, Andrew and Matilda - In 1911, Andrew and Matilda Feroe, with seven children, Palmer, James, Arthur, Chester, Joseph, Carl and Alice, moved from South Dakota to Camrose. In the fall of the same year they moved to Kingman to the P. Scramstad farm. They lived there for 2 years.

Andrew bought the SW 1/4-29-48-19-4. The youngest daughter, Esther was born in 1915.

Andrew with the help of his son Palmer, built the Kingman school in 1913.

In 1928, Palmer went to the coast for 2 years. From there he went to the Valhalla and Hythe districts, settling with the Robertson family for over 20 years. Now Palmer is happy in the Hythe Pioneer Home. Most of his brothers and sisters are living in Oregon or California.

The above information of the Feroe family was given by Palmer to D. Bekkerus.

FLEMMING, Elwood - Elwood was born to parents, Roy and Myrtle Flemming, in Jan. 1921 at a nursing home in Camrose, where the present Camrose Police Stn. now stands. For his entire school life in Kingman he had Simonson teachers, Simon and Alice and then Simon again in high school.

Elwood was always interested in animals so made dog harnesses and trained dogs to pull a small sleigh. One dog sometimes pulled sister Mildred to school. In the fall of 1937 a heifer was bought for $11.00 and fed. At the spring show in Edmonton it was sold for .04 cents a pound. Not much of a profit at these prices.

In 1938-39 Elwood attended Vermilion Agricultural school, then returned home to help his dad. He also worked for neighbors for $30.00 a month. One winter was spent hauling coal from Round Hill to Kingman with a matched black team of horse much admired by passers by. For hauling a two and one half ton load of coal and shoveling it off he recieved $1.00 per ton. During the winter he hauled 44 tons, equivilent to a full boxcar.

In 1946 Elwood raised seed oats and a carload was shipped to Albania, sacked in three bushel bags. This was done at the seed cleaning plant in Camrose. In 1947 a carload went to Switzerland.

Thelma Heiland from Round Hill taught school from 1946-49 in Kingman. There were close to 35 children in grades one to eight the first year. The old school had much to be desired, having the old stove in the corner and no lights. It was great to move out of theold building into the new school Oct. 31, 1947. Imagine good heating, inside toilets, lights and only grades one to three.

During the years when Thelma was teaching both took part in two, three act plays and other activities including a minstrel show. In 1949 Elwood and Thelma were married and moved to their present home, the former Grandahl farm. Both have taken part in community activities being active in the Scout movement, Recreation Assc. Tofield United Church as well as other organizations. Elwood has been master of ceremonies for many programs, wedding anniversaries and auctioned for shadow box, and pie socials. He was "Santa Claus" for years.

Elwood farms the land where Don Kellner lived before he was a member of parliament in the UFA government. The old log house stil stands.

The family consists of Linda, a registered nurse, married to Terry Rae. They have 2 daughters, Natalie and Jill and live on an acerage near the game farm.

Larry, a power line construction foreman, married Lynn Johnson and lives in Sedgwick. They have a son James.

Maureen who was a diet technician, married Dennis Perka and has a daughter, Melanie.

Nola does re-upholstering in Kingman and Valerie and Calvin are in school. Calvin finished school in Kingman in June 1979 thus ending a period of 55 years when Flemmings were in the Kingman school.

FLEMMING, James Le Roy (Roy) - Roy Flemming was born at Truro, Nova Scotia on Jan.30, 1890. He is a decendant of the Flemmings who first came to Canada in 1761. He attended public and high school, and took a business course to round out his schooling.

In 1909 he came west on a harvest excursion train to work on the praries, returning to Nova Scotia late in the fall. In 1910 he came west again and filed on a homestead in southern alberta, near Whitlaw and seven Persons, bringing with him a prized stock sddle and driving harness, gifts of his father.

In 1914 he worked on a ranch in the Williams Lake area of B.C., participating in cattle drives. One such trip meant driving a herd of bulls from one ranch to another, the drive taking 19 days.

In 1914 he came back through Edmonton, riding horseback along Jasper Ave. He looked for land near Fort Saskatchewan but later chose land near Kingman. He purchased the land from Clara Balsang, a sister of Andrew, Ovel and lassie Ovelson.

Roy lived with Mr. & Mrs. Robert Law, Scottish people who lived on the Boness farm, while a house was being built on his farm.

On Dec. 21, 1916 he married Myrtle Campbell of the Farmington distrct. Their children are, Ross, Elwood, Mildred and Bessie.

In pioneer days people had to make their own entertainment. barn dances were held in the new barns on the Walter Hartchen farm, where Jim and Denise Otto now live. Card parties and house dances were also part of the activities, along with the monthly variety programs put on in the community hall. later, carpet ball was a game avidly pusued by Roy , Myrtle and family.

Another event fondly remembered was the gathering of the three Campbell sisters, Grace Lawson, Lily Stirret and Myrtle Flemming, around the old organ, where they sang melodies of those early days. The Milo Stutzman family also came and sang in our home on several occasions.

In the early 1930's Roy purchased a home made radio from Maurice mcGinitie of Tofield. It was a small 2 tube machine with 2 headphones and neighbors used to phone the Flemming home to get cattle, hog and grain prices as they were broadcast from Edmonton. On several occasions four people would sit around the set each one holding an earphone to his or her ear.

Roy was secretary treasurer of the Kingman School district for many years, when the district collected it's own taxes. Names on the assesment roll included, O. Bjorgum, Welch, Osness, Thompson, Boness, Madison, Simonson, Kozak, Bronnum, Rogness, Hurst, along with many more, including, Sealand, Lindberg, Mah Hong, Blyckert and Horte.

In 1937 a new house was constructed by Roy Molvick and Fred Helgason. Mr. Molvicks wages were .35 cents an hour plus board. The lumber bill was just over $800.00. A second hand "delco" was bought and Oliver Thompson wired the house for electricity.

Myrtle was an active member of the red Cross during the war and took part in all community affairs. She passed away Dec. 27, 1956, at the family home.

Roy continued to live on the farm for several years until he chose to live at Stoney Creek Lodge in Camrose. He lived there from 1968-79, when he moved to Bethany Nursing Home in Camrose, where he enjoys company and looks forward to his 90th birthday on Jan.30.

Mildred Flemming married Elmer Schielke in 1949, they now reside at Provost, Alberta, operating an I.H.C. agency. They have 2 children, Claire who is an R.C.M.P. officer at Prince George, B.C. and Lloy, who is married to Pat McKinnon and lives near Macklin, Saskatchewan.

Bessie married Magnus Klevgaard in 1958 and lives on a farm near Edberg. She holds a teaching certificate and has taught at Kingman and Edberg. Their family are Karoline, married to Ron Kiddine of the Bawlf area, Kenneth, Gordon and Lorne at home.

FLEMMING, Ross - Ross Flemming was born Feb.14,1918 to parents Roy and Myrtle Flemming. He spent his early years on the family farm, attending public and high school in the old schoolhouse across from Salem Lutheran Church.

In 1935-36 he attended Vermillion Agricultural school , returning to help on the family farm. In 1942 he joined the R.C.A.F. taking all his training in Edmonton. Graduating as an Air Navigaator in July 1943, he was posted overseas that fall and was attatched to the Royal Air Force Bomber Command. After completing his tour of operations he instructed for a year at various squadrons. In Sept. of 1944 he married Frances Beddison who was a member of the Royal Air Force.

When the war was over they lived for 3 years on the Roy Flemming farm while Ross did carpentry work with Roy Molvick. In 1950 they purchased the SW 28-49-19 from Mah Him and Mah Dong, where they farmed until Frances passed away in Jan. 1977, while they were on holiday in England.

They had 5 children, Phillip who married Sharon Miller , lives in Leduc and works for Air Canada. Allan, who married Joanne McDonald, lives in Sherwood Park and works for Interprovincial Pipeline Ltd. Wendy, who married Don Pewar, lives in Round Hill, and works at Camrose One World Center. Laurie and Cindy who live in Edmonton and qork qt the Workmans compensation Board. There are 5 grandchildren, Jenny, Ryan, Paula-Jo, Allyson and Mark.

Ross married Mildred Anderson of Kelsey in Sept. 1978 and now lives at Kelsey, while operating the Kingman farm in the summer.

FLETCHER, James & Robert - by Jessie (Gee) Peterson - The Fletcher brothers were among some of the earliest settlers around Kingman. They came from Ireland and homesteaded SE 1/4 17-49-19, and lived in a dugout on the side of a hill. When the railroad was built it went right over top of their dugout so they had to move.

They bought E. 1/2 30-49-19 and built themselves a 2 room house with several big windows to the south. They had an upstairs where they slept. Later they bought W. 1/2 29-49-19. They were very busy clearing and breaking land. I remember the Fletchers hiring my father to cut brush with an axe. James always drove the tractor for breaking and field work. After this land was all broke, they bought N.W. 1/4 20-49-19.

My memory of James and Robert Fletcher were that they were good neighbors. On the way to school my sister Gladys and I walked across their quarter, right past their house, as this was where the road was from our home. On the very cold winter days our feet got so cold that we would stop at the Fletcher home to get warm as we still had one more mile to walk to our home. The Fletchers had a box stove and Robert would put the bench close to the stove for us to sit on and then would pile more wood on the fire. I believe they looked forward to us stopping in, and james always had something to read to us out of a book that he had been reading and he also liked to talk. They had about 10 horse turned loose in the field in the winter (as they farmed with horses then). When the horses saw my sister and I with our lunch pails they would come galloping after us. We were so afraid that we would run to the fence through the deep snow to get away from them. I remember many times Robert watched for us coming from school, he would walk with us to the gate between our quarter and theirs, as he knew we were afraid of the horses.

One day after a bad storm, when I walked to school, I had to walk on top of big drifts from our home to the road past the Fletchers home. During the day I became real sick so my teacher asked John Gascan if Hazel Stirrett and Aimee Schmidt could borrow his horse and cutter to take me home. When we came to Fletchers we were very cold so we stopped to get warmed up. There was no track through after the storm so Robert Fletcher went part way home with us to help get the horse through the drifts. We nearly upset the cutter but finally made it home. Hazel and Aimee came in and warmed up before they started back. My father went with them as far as Fletchers to make sure they didn't have trouble in the drifts. It took so long for them to get back to school that John had to wait long after school was out to get his horse and cutter so he could go home.

When Jim and Bob (as they were called) moved down to the Peter Stanley farm that they had bought, they had a party for my birthday in their new home. I was suprised when Jim took out his violin and played a few tunes. I remember he played Pop Goes the Weasel and an Irish dance called " Did You See my wee Shoe" which Jim danced while he played so I could see how to dance it.

My mother and father made Christmas dinner every year and always invited the Fletcher's, Jim would bring his chess game along. After dinner he and my father would have a game of chess that lasted for hours as Jim always planned his move well.

Jim always did the business and went to town to by the groceries. He drove to town with the team and democrat. He used to say "Robert get the horses" so robert always hitched up the horses and was there to look after the horses when Jim came home. Robert would put the horses in the barn, unharness them, and feed and water them.

The two main things on their grocery list were prunes and raisin bread.

James Fletcher passed away in Dec. 1944 and Robert passed away about 1951. They are buried in the Kingman cemetery.

FLEWELLING, Judith Caroll - Judith Caroll (Ness) Flewelling, daughter of Finn and Connie Ness, is married to a banker, Leonard Flewelling. They have three children, David, 14, Darin, 9, and Katherine, 7. Judith was raised on the Erickson farm from 1945-1962 when she moved to Edmonton.

FOSHAUG, Ron - Ron and Loretta Foshaug moved into the Kingman area in the summer of 1974 when Ron was hired as teacher of grades three and four at the Kingman school. For the first year they resided at the Orvin Boettger farm just east of Kingman. Then in the summer of 1975 they purchased the "Holte Store" in town, where they are presently residing. Ron taught in Kingman for 2 years and then transferred to Camrose where he still teaches at Chester Ronning school. Loretta has been employed as Librarian at the Chester Ronning school for the past 6 years. Ron is the son of Ivan and Olive Foshaug of the Bardo district and Loretta is the daughter of Hattie and Vikse Hendrickson and the late John Vikse of Camrose.

FREDRICKSON, Ruth Lindberg - I Ruth Lindberg was born in the year 1905 so i am celebrating my birthday along with Alberta's anniversary, this year our 75th. When 7 years old I started attending the Brandland school. The first winter i stayed at Hansel Johnson's home because it was too far to walk to school from home. I can remember that pot belly stove at school which gave out lots of heat when it got going. Some of my classmates whom I remember are Thor Johnson, Helge Hanson, Signe Anderson, Edith Danielson and Ole Helgren. We had double desks in school those days. The girls sat along one side of the room and the boys on the other. We used slates and slate pencils most of the time. I did not have many scribblers to work in. My first teacher was a lovely lady by the name of Miss Ruff. Another teacher I had was Ernest Anderson, a Swede who did not like his pupils to talk Swedish during recess, but we did anyway.

On Nov. 27, 1924 I married Holger Fredrickson, a newcomer to this country. The first 8 years we farmed in Ferintosh district then moved to New Norway where we farmed till 1960. We moved to the village of New Norway where Holger was mayor for 10 years. We have 6 children, Judy, Bill, Vern, Gordon, Sonja, and a daughter who died in infancy.

Judy married Lester Huolt and they farm in the New Norway district. They have 5 children, Fred, Shirley, (Mrs. Tom Durand), Regie, Teresa and Roger.

Bill married Marion Robinson from Coronation and they have 3 children. Bill operated a service station at Strathmore. He was killed in a tractor accident in 1974.

Vern married Lynne Rassmusson and they have 2 children. He works at the Stelco Steel Plant in Camrose and also farms in the New Norway district.

Gordon married Leona Florh. They have 4 children. They farm south of New Norway and Gordon also is a battery operator for Sun Oil.

Sonja married Bendt Nielson of Randers, Denmark. They have 3 three children and make their home in Edmonton.

FRENCH, Ed - Ed French ws born in Scotland and came to Alberta as a youth. He was a veteran of the first world war.

In 1922, he came to the Pretty Hill district and bought NW 25-48-20-W4M. This quarter was all raw land which was brushed by hand. He broke most of it using four horses and plow and built all his buildings.

The first few winters were spent as a miner at the old Spicer Mine.

In 1924 he married Jean Negay. Their family consisted of 4 boys, Arthur, George, Gordon and John and they all attended Pretty Hill school. Jean also boarded the teachers for a while.

In 1948, Ed French sold his farm to Oscar Erga and the family moved to a farm on the outskirts of Edmonton.

Ed passed away in 1968. Jean and the boys with their families still reside in the Edmonton area.

FUGLEM, Mamie Awedia - We the Simon Simonson family came to wetaskiwin in Oct. 1894 from Moorhead Minnesota. My Dad had homesteaded where Kingman is now and built a log house with a sod roof and a dirt floor. When it rained we used to get wet. My dad came from the states with others including my uncle Hans Simonson and a couple of the Ovelson family. To make a little money to get something to eat for the family my dad took a team and sleigh and cut across country to Edmonton to try his hand at panning gold. Ovel ovelson and William Ovelson went with him and when they got to Edmonton they had to swim the horses across the Saskatchewan river. While they were away mama got short of food for us. Dad must have had sheaves of wheat as brother Oscar took a door or some board and pounded out some wheat. mama took the coffee grinder and ground some flour. Brother Henry said he would walk and tell Papa to come home. I think he had snow shoes so he took off across country on their trail. He was only 14 years old and had 65 miles to go. He had walked many miles when he met them. It was good that the roads had not drifted in. Papa used the stars as a guide when travelling. We must have had some potatoes and turnips in the root house but Oscar and mama couldn't get it open. An old man named Mosland came over to see if we were okay, and he opened it. While they were away P.B. Anderson and Finseth came by. They had been to Grue's and got some wheat ground, they left a gallon with mama. They wanted to give brother Dan and I a ride down to a gate by the barn but Dan didn't want to go and he cried when they took me.

Dan was only three years old when we came to Canada. We had no milk so he was brought up on rabbit soup. I was two and Henry, Clarence, Wlillie and Oscar were older. Three years later we went to Edmonton to make a little money to prove up the homestead. We rented the Goodridge place three miles west of Edmonton, on Stony Plain Road. Selma was born in Edmonton.

I think I was seven years old when we moved back to Kingman. Inger and Lillie were born in the sod roof house. Our parents then built a big log house and we no longer had to sweep the floors with willows tied together for a broom.

Willow flats school was built one half mile east of us, I was able to go to school in the fall when I was eleven years old. I had very little schooling. My Dad had a sale in April 1907 and we moved to Edmonton. At that time they were not so strict so I never attended school again.

Papa hired Oscar Fuglem and Carl Sanbo as he had two teams. They hauled bricks from Littles' brick yard and coal from the mines, they delivered around town. When I was 18, Oscar and I were married, which is soon 60 years ago.

I thank God for a lovely family and that he spared us to be with them for so long. Thanks be to God for all things.

Written in 1970 by Mamie Awedia Fuglem.

FUGLEM, Oscar - Oscar Fuglem's parents, Mons and Karin Fuglem came to Bergen in Jackson County Minnesota from Selbo, Prestegjeld, Norway. Oscar was born there and spent his early childhood there.

He came to Dinant with his Dad in 1903 and settled east and south of the Bethlehem Church. The following year the rest of the family came. Oscar was confirmed in the Scandia Lutheran church in Aug. 1904.

In 1905-06 he worked on the C.P.R. roadbed from Camrose to Wilkie, Saskatchewan. There were Oscar(Ole), Parelius(Pat) and Milo (Mike) and they were known for their ghost stories and the tricks they played on people. Dad always frightened us when he told ghost stories.

He moved to Edmonton where he worked for S. D. Simonson doing dray and frieght work, including hauling material for the high level bridge. he was present with his dray team and wagon at the laying of the corner stone for the Parliment Building.

In Mamie and Oscar's courting days we remember them saying they used to go skating on the North Saskatchewan river. Mamie used to work in the Snow Flake Laundry ironing shirts etc. in edmonton.

On Dec. 22, 1910, Oscar married mamie Simonson in Camrose. The wedding was officiated by Pastor Carlson, in the house just east of the Grace Lutheran church.

Simon was born in Edmonton. Oscar and Mamie moved to the Dinant district where Connie was born and baptied at Bethlehem Church.

Simon recalls one day when he was taking lunch out the field to his Dad when he got so far away, his mother howled like a coyote, he got scared and came running home. Simon never took lunch to his Dad after that.

While we lived at the Albert Bergh place a little brother Orville was born who died and was buried at Bethlehem cemetery.

Oscar loved to play the violin and enjoyed playing basketball, skating and young people.

While living at the H. Gunderson farm at Lake Demay, Connie remembers leaving her cat under the granary as they couldn't get the cat to come out when they moved to Hughenden to farm in 1918.

Donella was born at Hughenden the year the flu hit everywhere. Milton was born at Hughenden and when we came back to dinant to visit grandparents, Milton was baptised at Bethlehem church. Joy nad Olea were born at Hughenden. Simon married Hazel Congdon, they farmed south of Amisk, operated a store and post office at Kessler. Simon also did trucking. Karen (Connie) married Archie Nelson. Archie works for Crawfords of Alberta. Donella married Stanley Soholt of Camrose who is employed at the Camrose Lutheran College. Milton married Hope Christenson and now lives in Calgary. Milton is a geologist in oil exploration.

Joy married Elroy Broughton and they live in Wetaskiwin. Elroy works for Wetaskiwin Implements. Olea married Ole Paulgaard and lives in Provost. Ole owns and operates a grocery store there.

Oscar passed away at 83 years of age, April 26, 1972.

Mamie was a good wife and Mother. She loved to make quilts for her children, grandchildren and greatgrandchildren. At present she is in the Bethany Auxiliary Hospital in Camrose.

We thank God for parents who loved and cared for us and the Lord.

Editor's note - Mamie Fuglem passed away May 15, 1980.

FUGLEM, Pat - Parelius (Pat) Fuglem, son of Mons and Karin Fuglem was born in Renville, Minnesota, and came to Canada in 1905. After working in several areas of Alberta he came out to loos, British Columbia, where he worked for Ole Olson Leboe in sawmilling and logging. Here he met and married Ida Evelyn Leboe in 1920. Shortly after they moved to Alberta to the Kingman Dinant area. During this time Mildred and Amy were born.

They moved back to Loos where pat once again took up the same work he had done before. During this time three more children were born, Phyllis, Irwin (Bud) and Mary.

The family once more moved back to the praries, to the Hughenden area where he farmed. There they hed four more children, Kaye, ILa, Orvin and Lloyd. They had many happy times while there but also some real sad ones for it was durring this time that Phyllis and Orvin passed away and were buried in Amisk cemetery.

In 1930 -31 Pat applied for a homestead in the Cold lake area. The nearest post office and store was at Beaver Crossing.

Prior to moving north, Pat had gone to the homestead and put in a garden and placed a fence around it. He had also taken a load of wheat to Wainwright to the flour mill and had it made into flour, porridge etc.

Then came time to leave and wave farewell to loved ones and friends there. In a covered Type wagon they started out. The wagon was loaded with household goods in the front and a cream seperator, engine used for sawing wood and other much needed items in the back of the wagon where it didn't need covering. With binder canvas on the front, tent style, it covered over where they had placed the mattress on top of the household goods, and bedding to make a great wide bed. It was there that most of them slept and stayed during travelling time.

They had three hoses pulling the wagon and one to ride and help herd the cows. Ida drove the horses from her high perch in the wagon, Amy and the other older ones helped to keep an eye on the younger ones. Pat and Millie walked and kept the cows in behind, with the help of Bud on the horse. Meals were cooked over a fire witha large griddle placed over two rocks. It was like a long extended picnic with lots to see between stops. Lloyd was only nine months old at this time. It was in 1934 when they travelled north.

Just after they crossed the north Saskatchewan River on a ferry, they stopped to visit some friends and give the stock a rest. While there they picked saskatoon down the hill towards the river the size of grapes, the likes of which they had never seen before or since. needless to say Ida canned many quarts of these lovely berries, which added to their staples. It proved to be a blessing in disguise as times were starting to get poorer. When they reached their destination at last it was to find the garden had all but disappeared, due to the ranchers stock that had gotten in through the fence, knocking a lot of it down and left only a few potatoes.

They were getting poorer and there was no work to be had, so once again they moved to Loos, B.C. Pat went back to logging. Here Gerald, Merlin and Edna came to join the family. Pat passed away in 1956 after suffering a stroke and was buried in the Loos cemetery. Ida later worked as a housekeeper and baby sitter in Prince George, B.C. She later married Jack Taylor and lived in Edmonton until her death in 1966, and was buried at Ryley, Alberta.

Most of the family live in British Columbia. Millie and Ila live in the McBride area, Amy and Lloyd in Prince George, Irwin (Bud) in Kamloops, Mary in Princton, Gerald at Francois Lake, Edna in Kelowna. Kaye died in 1963 and Merlin in 1972.

Kaye was buried in the Prince George cemetery and Merlin's stone is placed beside Pat's, for his body was never found after drowning in the Fraser river.

GAALAAS, Christian - Mr. Christian Gaalaas came from Furnes, Hamar, Norway in 1903 to Broking County South Dakota. In 1904 he immigrated to Canada and arrived in Wetaskiwin in June of the same year. He took a homestead, SW. 1/4-47-17-18-4, about 9 miles north of Bawlf.

Mr. and Mrs. Ole Rogness Olsen and their daughter, Maria came to Canada from Hendricks, Minnisota, arriving in Wetaskiwin in 1903. In 1907, Maria Olsen was united in marriage to Christian Gaalaas.

Mr. & Mrs. Gaalaas and their two boys, Orvald and Bud, moved to Kingman in 1909. Mrs. Gaalaas operated a cafe and was catering to the railroad gang. The rails were laid north through Kingman.

Agnes Johnson, the 16 year old daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Nels Johnson worked for Mrs. Gaalaas. Christian and his brother in law, Oscar Olsen operated a grocery store owned by Ole Rogness Olsen.

In 1911 Mr & Mrs. Gaalaas returned to Bawlf, remaining there until 1913 when they moved to Camrose and were there until they passed away.

GAALAAS, Irva (Rosland) - Irva Rosland married Bud Gaalaas in July, 1933. Bud was a welder and operated Bud's Welding for many years. He was a very busy welder during the time of the oil boom around Camrose, being on call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Irva worked for J. Lawrence and Company for some 30 years as a sales clerk. They were both retired when Bud passed away in 1979.

They have one son, Brian, who is a welder. He lives in Sherwood Park, but is employed by Syncude at Fort mcMurry. He has one son Scott.

GARRETT, Alexander - by Richard Thomas McLaren -Alexander Garrett (Tofty), the son of Isabelle Garrett and M.S. McLaren was born in Scotland. He came to Canada with his Uncle Alexander and his family in 1926, and lived with the family on the farm. He worked in the Dinant coal mine for some time. Although a fairly good horseback rider, one winter while riding down an icy road, he came to a corner where the horse turned one way and he went the other, ending up head first in a snow bank. Alexander also played on the Dinant soccer team and the Camrose Allstar team. In 1932, Alexander went back to Scotland.

GEE, Robert (Bob) - Robert Charles Gee born July 17, 1875, married mary McKay Dunham, born May 17, 1876, on Dec. 2, 1896. They had seven daughters, five of them- Grace, Faith, Hope, Mabel and Eva were born in Ontario, and two - Gladys and Jessie were born in Alberta. Two daughters, Hope and Eva passed away as infants in Ontario. Faith and hope were twins.

The Gee family lived near Sweaburg, Ontario until 1908. Then they came west for the opportunity of owning their own land and because mary Gee's parents, John and Dovena Dunham had moved to Alberta in 1905.

They travelled by train (C.P.R) to Camrose, Alberta. The trip west took 14 days and the only heat in the railway car was a pot bellied stove, which was also used for cooking meals. They arrived in Camrose the 21st of March 1908. There were no roads and it was cold with lots of snow. They came to Kingman by horse and sleigh.

The first year in Alberta they lived on the farm north of Farmington school (now Ross Flemming's quarter) until they had built a house on their own land. That Christmas, coffee for the Christmas concert was cooked in the house they stayed in, then carried across to the school in a boiler.

They built a house out of poplar logs which measured 12 x 12'. Grace, Faith and Mabel slept upstairs on straw ticks. In 1917 they added another room which measured 12' x 16'. It was in this room that Gladys was born Dec. 28,1917 and Jessie, April, 21, 1920. The bush was cleared from around the farm buildings due to danger of brush fires.

There were many hardships, but there were many more happy times. Friends and neighbors were very sociable and always ready to help anytime. In the summer there were gatherings every sunday at someone's home. They played softball, football (soccer) horseshoes, anti -I-over and tug of war. One time the children were playing anti-I-over the house and accidently threw the ball through the window, spreading glass all over the table which was set for lunch. Once or twice during the summer on a Sunday, a group would get together and go to Elk Island Park or to Lakeview for a picnic. Since there were few cars, everyone rode together in the back of a large farm truck. If it rained the back of the truck was covered with a tarp to keep everyone dry. In winter they had house dances, dancing to music of a gramophone or sometimes someone would play violin, accordian or organ.

Robertr worked hard cutting brush with an axe and pulling stumps and breaking land with horses. Mary always had a large vegetable garden and enjoyed being able to give some vegetables to her friends every fall. In the summer the Gees milked the cows and sold cream for grocery money. In the winter robert cut timber for mine props. These were hauled to the coal mine and sold. Each fall he cut and hauled home a large pile of poplar rails. A neighbor with a wood sawing outfit would come and with the help of a few neighbors, the rails were sawn into blocks and thrown in a pile. This was a years fuel supply, though if it was used up before the next fall, wood for the stoves was cut by hand witha crosscut saw. Coal was used to stoke heaters and cookstoves overnight.

In the fall wheat was hauled to Camrose to be ground into flour, Sunny Boy cereal, cream of wheat and bran. The flour was put in white, one hundred pound sacks. When empty the sacks were washed, bleached with homemade lye soap then dyed and sewn into dresses and underclothes. They were also used to make tea towels and bed sheets.

Their transportation in the winter was horse and sleigh. Straw was placed in the bottom of the sleigh box, with blankets and quilts used for covers. Stones were heated on the cookstove then put in a sack and placed under the covers for extra warmth. They also travelled in cutters, some of which were closed in for protection against the wind and cold. people thought nothing of walking 5 miles or more in twenty below weather to a dance, dancing for hours then walking home again.

There were no road lines in those days, only trails across country from farm home to farm home. part of the trail from the Gee house to the Ekdahl home still exists today.

One chore that had to be done every day was to fill lamps and lanterns with coal oil and wash the lamp glass, as this was their only light.

The Gee girls took their schooling in Farmington. They walked to school, 2 and 1/2 miles, summer and winter, though sometimes when it was very cold, Dad took them by horse and sleigh. They were so happy when a pail of lard or pail of syrup were bought, as these, when emptied were their new lunch pails for school. They always looked forward to Christmas concerts, and one time Santa's beard caught fire from a candle on the Christmas tree. Luckily one of the ladies thought quickly and extinguished the fire with her hands.

Grace Gee married Tom Gibson, Jan. 24, 1923. Faith married Robert Stirrett, Mar. 26, 1919. Mabel married Albert Hay, Sept. 6, 1922. Gladys married Henning Johanson, Mar. 30, 1937 and Jessie married Martin Peterson, Mar. 30, 1940.

Robert Gee passed away Feb. 27, 1946 and Mary Gee passed away May 12, 1955. They are both buried in the Kingman cemetery.

GIBSON, Thomas George & Grace Violet - by Florence Lundstrom - Not having inherited any diaries or documents, I must rely on my memory and bits of information gleaned from relatives and friends regarding my parents, Thomas George and Grace Violet (Gee) Gibson.

Dad was born May 15, 1893, at Conn in the lumber township of Ontario; travelling west as a young man during the first world war. He took a barbering course in Winnipeg with the intention of joining the services. Fortunatly the war ended and Dad came to alberta, to his Uncle Owen Gibson's at Viking.

He eventually made a deal with Mr. Joe Phillips of Viking for land in the Kingman district, here he set up farming. His sister annie (Mrs. Coykendal) left Ontario on St. Patricks Day 1920, coming west to keep house for him. Aunt Annie sometimes helped out at other homes too, as when Vera Christenson was a baby, she gave a helping hand at the Alfred Currie home for a month or so. She also was a cook at a cafe in Hay Lakes one winter.

During this time, Dad was courting a young lady who had come west with her parents to settle north of Kingman in 1908. Mom was born May 4, 1898 in Oxford county, Ontario. She had quite a time sewing her wedding dress, her young sister Gladys kept hiding the thread. The wedding took place on a cold Jan. 24, 1923, with Rev. R.G. Watt of Tofield officiating.

I arrived on the scene in the spring of the following year and my brother Clifford a year and a half later.

Cliff and I took our schooling at Coal Hill school, walking the three miles in nice weather. Dad took us with the team and sleigh in the winter, picking up the Boettgers and our school teacher, Miss Olive Heffren (Mrs. Dave Stutzman). Mr. Boettger often went along to help with the horses when the road was drifted. Yes they had to shovel the horses out sometimes when they got stuck in the drifts. We later changed schools, transferring to Kingman. I have always been thankful to our principal, mr. Simon Simonson who so generously gave of his time in teaching St. John Ambulance first aid to all who would take the course. Little did we know that one of his students would go on to be an instructor with the St. John ambulance and impart his important training to hundreds - Cubs, Scouts, Leaders, Babysitters, homemakers, farmers. industrrial workers etc. in and beyond the County of Camrose. This student, Florence Gibson, was honered as a serving sister in the Venerable order of St. John.

The folks took an active part in community affairs. Dad had been active in the Presbyterian church and the Orangemen Lodge in Ontario. Now he became floor manager and square dance caller for local dances. There were no babysitters in those days, we younguns were bedded down on the floor beside the piano when we got sleepy. Dad had a lively team of drivers, Trixie and Diamond, that easily made the trip to Hay Lakes or even Viking in a very short time.

The folks were active in the Social Credit movement back in 1935. Radio was quite new at the time and supporters of William Aberhart gathered at the Earl Skaalen home in Kingman to listen to election results. One of the first benefits of the new government was the Debt. Adjustment Act. Dad had already paid the amount of the prinipal in intrest and still owed the principal on his farm. Without the action of the new Social Credit Govt., he and a lot of other farmers would never have owned their own land.

During the early thirties money was very scarce, but wild fruits were plentiful. Dad had a school quarter leased about two miles from home. (Cliff has since bought the land). The cattle including the milk cows were pastured there. The old model T ford took us to the school quarter twice a day to milk the cows. They were chased into a corral and usually stood quietly while the milker sat on a three legged stool, or a block of wood with a board nailed across, to milk them. No modern barns and pipelines. The watering tank had to be filled from a dug well by a big bucket on a rope. If one was lucky there was a winch to help in the operation and later a hand pump was installed.

That big bucket sometimes came in handy for a more pleasant duty of transporting home saskatoons or raspberries that were abundant in the wooded area.

Besides barbering, dad supplemented his income with custom work. He had a wood sawing and grinding unit and during the winter sawed wood and ground chop for many of the neighbors. He had a lovely set of bells on the harness of the horses and we would often listen on a quiet night to hear the bells as dad neared home. He also owned a threshing machine and had a large threshing ring. It was an exciting time when the first bundle wagons started arriving and one knew the big tractor and Waterloo threshing machine would soon be rumbling in. Mom had to see that supper was started and then get the cows milked and out of the barn so the teamsters could stable their horses. In the morning a big breakfast was served to the crew, then chores had to done and a big dinner prepared. Gallons of hot coffee and loaves of sandwiches, cakes, cookies and apples were taken to the threshing crew at mid afternoon.

Although dust and hail storms took their toll, there were lots of good times. On Sunday 40 - 50 neighbors would gather at one farm or another, the ladies bringing all kinds of goodies for dinner. The afternoon would be spent playing ball, horseshoes or games with young and older folks taking part.

Dad was an ardent big game hunter, usually coming home with an elk or moose or both. In later years when he no longer felt like tramping through the bush, he stayed at camp and did the cooking, sometimes bagging game near the camp site.

Dad and mom are both gone to their final rest. Dad passes away in 1958 and mom 11 years later. Both are buried in the Camrose cemetery.

Cliff now owns the home farm. He married a neighbor girl, Ruth Undin, they have four children, Donna, Garry, Gail and Jim. All four children attended Kingman school up to grade nine. Donna and Garry took grade ten in Round Hill, then went to Camrose Composite High school. Gail and Jim took all their high school in Camrose. Donna and Gail have both completed hair dressing courses and are qualified hairdressers. Donna and her husband Gordon Kerr and their three duaghters, Shannon, Kimberly and Kelly, live in Edberg. Gordon has a trucking business. Gail and her husband Charlie Dingman and sons Billy and Bradley also live in edberg. Charlie farms with his father and brothers. Garry is now employed in Edmonton working for Tru-form driving a tractor trailer truck. He hauls as far north as Fort McMurray and as far south as Calgary. Jim has his heavy duty mechanics license and is employed with R. Angus in Edmonton. All are active in sports and community affairs. If they are not playing ball or hockey, their presence is very much in evidence from the spectators bench.

Yours truly, Florence (Mrs. Warren Lundstrom) widowed in 1970, lives on her farm west of Edberg, having recently built a new house and ceramic studio. Her son Doug, his wife Gloria and their sons Robbie and Todd are on the homeplace. Two broiler chicken barns and a dairy keep the Lundstrom's busy. Sports play a major role here too - football, fastball, basketball and curling. Doug was named the outstanding male student during his final year at the Camrose Composite high school. Daughter Marlene, her husband Jim Crawford and their children, Tanya and Travis live in Edberg. Jim farms in the Roslind district.

GILLESPIE, Theresa (Rosland) - Theresa Rosland was born in Norway in Dec. 1912 and came to Dinant in 1915. She took all her schooling in Dinant and was active in sports.

She first did housework in Camrose and then got a job as a clerk at the .05 to $1.00 store.

On Aug. 1, 1937 she married Orie Gillespie from Ohaton. Orie worked in the Dinant mine, before he became an elevator agent. They lived at Condor, Ponoka, Daysland and Camrose. While living in Camrose, Orie passed away in June 1963.

They have three children. Earl married Dwyne Lemon. He is an electrician working around Edmonton but living in Leduc. Maurine is a registered nurse married to Ray Holcomb. They do missionary work in Africa. Elaine is also a registered nurse. She is married to Winston Green and they live on a farm near Wainwright.

GOGAL, Frank - Lena Batiuck married Frank Gogal and farmed SW. 1/4 3-49-19-W4. They had four children, Mabel, Louis, Vernon and Lillian. The children all went to Coal Hill school. Frank and Lena retired and moved to Camrose.

Mabel married Fred Pointkoski and lives in the Ohaton district. She has a very unique food business, operating a bake shop and proccessing ethnic food in her farm home. She has four children all of whom are out in the business world.

Louis lives in Camrose and has three children. Vernon passed away. Lillian has two girls and lives in Qualicum Bay on Vancouver Island, a resort where the weather and country is just beautiful.

GRAHN, Theodore R. - Theodore Grahn was born at Hay Lakes, May 11, 1915. His parents were John Hilmer Grahn and Caroline (Thompson) Grahn. He recieved his education at Sulitjelma school and lived in the Hay Lakes district until Mar. 1937. He then moved to Kingman and worked for Mr. Odd Rogstad. From 1940 to June 1942 he worked for the Municipal district of Cornhill as a grader operator.

In June 1942 he enlisted in the Armed Services and served in Canada, England and continental Europe. He was discharged from the Army on Mar. 18, 1946.

On June 29, 1946 he was united in marriage to Gladys Evelyn Skalin, daughter of Olaf and Anna (Mickelson) Skalin. They made their home in Kingman.

Gladys wa born Aug. 31, 1917. She recieved her education at Pretty Hill, Dinant and Kingman schools. She later attended the Olds school of agriculture graduating with honors in Home Economics. From 1941 to 1945 she worked for the Dept. of National Defence in Ottawa.

Theodore worked for the Municipal district of Beaver from Mar. 1946 to Sept. 1948. At this time he purchased the hay Lakes garage, so they moved there. They lived there until 1959 when they moved to Surrey, B.C.

They have one daughter, Ann Carol, who was born in Apr. 1947. She is working for Island Dairies in Victoria. Theodore and Gladys Grahn are presently living in Surrey.

GRAHN, Thor - by Hazel Naslund - Indominable optimism, coupled with a spirit of adventure and a consuming passion to establish his own business, motivated Thor Grahn to move to the village of Kingman in the year 1923.

Accompanied by his wife Mabel and his three year old son, Lloyd, he commenced operation of the Kingman garage and International Harvester Machine Agency, situated at the westerly end of Kingman's main street. The Grahn family took up residence in a small house at the back of the garage where they resided for most of the years spent in this community.

During the '20's, the business prospered and Thor installed a 32 volt light plant in his garage, thereby lighting up his business, his home and also providing light for the nearby Post office. I believe these were the first electric lights in the village. At regular intervals Thor would make the long trip to Turner Valley to bring back a few hundred gallons of that smelly gasoline that people were just begining to utilize.

Sometime in the early '30's, Thor and mabel Grahn embarked on a second business, opening a small grocery store at the easterly end of main street. The family then moved from the small house behind the garage to living quarters in back of the store.

On a cold winter night in Nov. 1925 Petra Simonson, known throughout the community for her mid-wife skills, was called to the Grahn residence to assist at a birth. The baby girl, christened Hazel Albertine was a second child for Thor and mabel and is the writer of this narrative. My sister June missed out on the distinction of bein g born in Kingman by arriving in the Camrose hospital in May 1933, to complete the Grahn family.

The 1930's, with the accompanying hard times of the grim depression took their toll on the Grahn business as on many others. The grocery store closed it's doors and in the spring of 1935 Thor's garage was sold to Odd Rogstad and Oscar Grahn.

Our family moved from the village that spring but the stimulating, active, busy years in the then bustling community had left an indelible mark on all of us. Forever after we felt a sense of attatchment to and commradrie with Kingman and "Kingmanites".

Memories from those early years growing up in Kingman produce a variety of images ranging from poigniant to humorous. The memory of a lawn swing and a real playhouse at the Lindberg farm planted a dream in my heart that was to be realized 40 years later when a lawn swing finally made it's way into my own yard. Viola and Eileen Linberg wern't the only girls privileged to own a play house. Well I remember the thrill of being invited to Doris Rogness' dear little play house.Again my own yearning for such a delightful miniature finally found expression many years later when my husband and I built a playhouse for our own daughter. The Rogness playhouse is only one of my memories of that family where the father was known by us all as"Old T.J. the postmaster". The most exciting birthday event ever happened in the Rogness living room when they turned on a box called a "radio". Few and far between were the families who owned such a luxury. The kindly voice of Sunny Boy's well known "farmer" filled the room to greet Doris on her birthday, and describe how she should follow a certain piece of string which would lead her to her present. The hushed wonder we all felt as we watched Doris follow that mysterious string to it's suprise package must surely be remembered by all who were there.

Hallowe'en, another highlight for us kids, reached it's zenith at the MacIntosh station house, where everyone of us got a whole nickel in our trick or treat bags. One and all were awed by the sight of such wealth. Imagine a family with a whole bag of nickels to give away !

Fear and stark tradgedy plays a part in my memory too as I recall the fright I felt one day when I had walked home by the railroad with my best friend, Nora Simonson. Mrs. Simonson was slicing green tomatoes for pickles into a huge washtub, on that particular warm Sept. afternoon when a fire broke out in the Simonson kitchen. In the confusion and excited rush to get everyone out of the house, Leonard Simonson picked me up and hurled me out of the kitchen, right through the screen door. Screen and I went tumbling into the nearby flower bed. The fire was soon extinguished with only minimal damage, unlike another inferno that is forever emblazened on my memory. Walt Hartschen lost his life; my friends, Roy and Betty lost their father and my parents mourned the loss of a very dear friend.

Reminiscences of those days wouldn't be complete with out mentioning food. English trifle at Aunty Flo Erickson's stands out in my mind as does the sauerkraut my dad and I ate with such relish at John Kozak's. The jam tins filled with that delicacy that Mrs. Kozak generously sent home with us produced an expression of distate on my mather's face whenever my father and I sat down to this feast, the smell of which almost made her ill. Speaking of smells that upset my mother, surely the most offensive was Ole Bjorgum's Gammalost, old cheese, which he always seemed to have in a tin in his pocket. Like the true gourmet he was, my father would exept this rare delicacy with enthusiasm, while my mother would wince and sometimes take refuge in another room to avoid the stench.. I have other pleasant recollections of the Bjorgum's, such as their big house, bountiful table, their wonderful stereoscope, through which three dimensional pictures transported on to faraway places. Of course I'll never forget how everyone had to hooler in order to be heard by kindly old Mr. Bjorgum.

Those first years of school are forever remembered and Alice Simonson will always hold that very special place in my heart that we all reserve for our first teacher. No one was as pretty, dressed so beautifully, talked so softly and was as kind and wise as this wonderful teacher. To grow up and emulate this lovely lady was the dream of every girl in the class.

School friendships were many, the Rodnunsky twins, Vernon Horte, Bernice Asp, Gordon and Nora Molvik, the Kozak boys, Florence Gibson, Mildred Flemming, Nora Simonson, Nathan Stutzman to name a few. Nathan's big brown eyes and generous nature, which extended to giving me a waterman fountain pen he had found by the railroad staion, impressed me so at age 7, that years later when we chose the name of Nathan for our second son, I knew the origin of that choice harkened back to memories of my early schoolmate.

Those halcyon days of childhood had an aura of enchantment about them and when Vernon Horte, Gordon Molvik and I climbed the big tree by Horte's house to perch on their roof, we were transported to faraway places and became kings and queens, witches or bandits or whatever our minds could conceive. I was only a little frightened on that roof, since I never forgot my uncle Henry Bray telling me there were Kadoozalums in the attic. Though I had since learned they were really mice, the eerie feelings I had wern't easily dispelled.

The Kingman Hall to my mind was an enormous building capable of seating crowds and crowds of people. From on stage at Christmas concerts looking out at the audience I was overwhelmed by the sea of faces in that auditorium.

Revisiting Kingman as an adult years later I was somewhat crestfallen to discover the modest little hall in no way resembled the magnificent ediface I remembered.

I have revisited the village of my birth many times in the last decade or two and I have come to recognize that the place where were born and spend our early years lays a very real claim on us. A very real tie exists, a feeling of belonging.

To this day whenever I drive into Kingman I have this sense of "comin home".

GRANDAHL, Evan - Evan Grundahl was born on a farm near Fertle, Minnesota on Feb. 21, 1894. He came to Canada with his parents in 1906. On May 13, 1920 he married Klara Mickelson and they lived just south of his father's homestead where Orvin Boettger lives. Two girls, Irene and Doris were born there.

Evan had no schooling but was a talented musician, playing the violin for dances and pleasure. He also became an outstanding steam engineer.

The family left the farm about 1924. They lived at Mercoal, Edmonton and later Fort Saskatchewan where there family of 6 girls grew up. Evan was boilerman at the penitentiary. They lived on Vancouver Island and Penticton for a few years but retired to Fort Saskatchewan. Evan passed away May 15, 1974 and Klara, June 23, 1975.

GRANDAHL, Ole & Rahgnhild - Mr. & Mrs. Grandahl were married in Minnesota and first farmed near Fertile. In 1906 the family came to Canada and filed on homestead SW 10-49-19-W4, the present Elwood Flemming farm.

They had 6 children, Sophie, Olga, Albert, Evan, Joseph and Selmer. Sophie married Donald Kellner of Tofield and had 3 children; Joseph, Viola and Clarence. Olga married Martin Berg of Kingman. They had 6 children, Otto, Alice, twins Dilia and Dina, Myrtle and Oliver. Albert, Joseph and Selmer remained single. Evan married Klara Mickelson of Kingman. They had 6 daughters; Irene, Doris, Gladys, Ruth , Helen and Jeanette.

Because there were no schools the older children recieved no formal education, however they were talented musicians. Evan and Albert became steam engineers. There was an outcropping of coal on their homestead which the family used for fuel.

After Ole Grandahl died, Mrs. Grandahl remarried and moved to Castor.

GREIG, Charles - by Richard Thomas Mclaren- Charles Greig (Charlie) was born Oct. 17, 1912 in Ayton, Berwickshire, Scotland. He married Rosalind Elizabeth Jordan on Apr. 9, 1942. Rosalind was born Aug.7, 1911 at Oak Lake, Manitoba. They had 5 children; Rosian Elizabeth, born Feb. 24, 1943 in Dinant, Margaret Fean born June 9, 1946, Lillian Marie, Mar. 1, 1944 in Dinant Florence Elaine born Jan. 23, 1950 in Dinant, Linda Fern born Feb. 22, 1954 in Camrose. Charlie has 14 granchildren from these 5 families.

Charlie came to Canada with his family in 1926. While on the train from St. John, New Brunswick to Dinant the sleeping arrangements were a little inconvenient. The seats and the baggage compartments above the seats folded down to make beds, and if you were on the bottom you had a very good chance of having your face stepped on.

Charlie worked his stepfather's farm for most of his life. An experience he won't likely forget was when his stepbrother William McLaren borrowed his Model A Ford and rolled it in a ditch, ripping the top and breaking some wheel lugs off.

After my great-grandfather died, Annie McLaren M.S Greig lived on the farm which she kept going with Charlie's help for 11 years until she died in 1950. Charlie then had the farm until 1953 when he sold it to William L. Knaut who in 1954 sold it to the Hutterite Bretheren of Camrose.After moving from the farm he moved to Camrose where he started a market garden. He later sold it because his wife had broken her hip. They then moved into a house in Camrose. In 1976 Rosalind Elizabeth Greig died. She was buried at the Bethlehem cemetery about 9 miles north of Camrose. Charlie is now living in Camrose.

GREIG, Lillian - by Richard Thomas Mclaren -Lillian Greig was born Nov.18, 1904 in Scotland and married Ole Olsen in 1928, two years after coming to Canada. She is now buried in the Bethlehem cemetery in the Olsen family plot.

GREIG, Norman - by Richard Thomas Mclaren -Norman Greig was born Mar. 18, 1908 in Scotland and in 1936 married Lia Robing of Lake Demay, Alberta. Norman also worked at the Dinant Coal mine for a while. He came to Canada with Alexander McLaren and Annie Mclaren M.S. Greig. After leaving Dinant he moved to Victoria, B.C. then later to Vancouver wher he now resides.

GREIG, Richard - by Richard Thomas Mclaren -Richard (Dickie) Greig was born Dec. 18, 1916 in Scotland. Dickie was never married. He joined the Army with Alexander McLaren on Sept. 3, 1929. In the summer of 1943 Dickie was shot in the chest. After recovering from the operation he became ill with pneumonia and died shortly after, he is buried in Italy.

GRUNDBERG, Harvey -I was born in 1928, the fourth child of Jonas and Jennie Grundberg.

As a child, community activities were centered around Fridhem church and Dinant school. Travel was by foot or horse, with the car being used only occasionally in the summer. Each year the school boys worked hard making ice for the hockey rink. The highlight of the school year was the Christmas concert a major production that took several months preparation. A frequent Santa Claus was Tony Lefsrud the pool elevator agent, who now lives in Thorsby. We were always envious of the many children from the Dinant coal mine who daily caught the train home after classes. Singing was important to me - at a young age, when we yearly competed in Festivals in Camrose; and later when singing at numerous weddings and with the Camrose College Choir. I can recall a Hallowe'en play, "The witches Cavern". I was in grade 5 when Mabel Knudson and I took the leading roles. It was a full evenings performance, written by the high school students, under the direction of Percy Simonson. The second world war came home to us when we recieved word that our respected principal had been killed in action over Germany.

I left the farm in 1955 when I married Eleanor McLenaghan, a nurse at St. Mary's hospital, Camrose. Three years later we moved to Edmonton where mainly I have been on the sales staff at Scott National Foods Wholesale. We have a son Greg and three daughters, Maureen, Glenys and Jeneane.

Throughout the years we have been involved in Kinsmen, community and church activities. At present I am chairman of the Church Council of Hope Lutheran in Edmonton. Eleanor and the girls are busy in girl guides.

It had always been an ambition of mine to build a log cabin with homemade furniture. This became a family project and filled much of the past four years. The cabin is on the narrows of Moose Lake near Bonnyville. Old friends welcome.

GRUNDBERG, J.E -Some of Jonas' earliest memories of his life in Canada are of his school days. He was 12 years of age when he arrived in this country with his family the P. A. Grundberg's. He had completed public school before leaving Sweden but was still of school age. The land they settled on was SW. 1/4-14-48-20-4 which is a mile west of Dinant but at that time the closest school was the Lyseng school which opened in 1905. Jonas remembers walking 4 miles to and from school with his sister Matilda. his greatest annoyance wasn't with the schoolwork but mastering the English language. It was most embarrasing for a boy of 12 to be placed in gr. 1 with 6 or 7 year olds. The next year the Throndson school opened and he continued his schooling there until age 16.

Farm chores were a big part of life during his school years. he was also expected to give a good part of his time helping clear and break land and making hay in the summer. He recalls many hours spent trapping and skinning muskrats which abounded in the numerous sloughs. One day he caught 40 muskrats with 12 traps, he sold the pelts for .06 cents each. prices went as high as $1.50 per skin in later years. In those days ducks were plentiful and whenever the family wanted fresh meat several could be brought down with one shot. One spring day, he and a neighbor, Martin Peterson who homesteaded the 1/4 adjoining to the east, went to Amisk creek to fish. They travelled by team and wagon to a spot 2 or 3 miles northeast of Kingman, probably near Harley Schmidt's farm. They crossed the creek, tied up the team and put their fish trap in the running stream. When the suckers and jackfish came upstream in mid morning the stream seemed to swell and filled their trap with fish. They reset the trap several times that morning and had a good load of fish. After resting and eating lunch they to try again towards evening and share the catch with neighbors. The fish seemed to come even heavier than before and the wagon was full of fish, it was so heavy the team couldn't pull it across the stream to get to the trail. They threw the fish across to the far bank to lighten the load. when the wagon came unstuck and moved up the bank on the far side, they had to reload. It was well into the night before they got home, tired and hungry but with a good load of fish.

Clearing the land was a steady winter job. The longer rails were haled to the farm to be sawn up for firewood. When the coal mines at Dinant opened a few years later coal was used to heat and was a tremendous help keeping the house warm during long cold winters. Wood remained the favorite fuel for cookstoves until propane in the 1950's.

Jonas never did any breaking with oxen but spent many hours with a four horse breaking outfit. When the steam engine was introduced, breaking outfits were hired. This could be a tricky operation, there was the hazard of getting the steam engine mired down in soft spots. He recalls one incident when the outfit owned by Mr. Loveseth got so stuck that he could no longer use the steam power. Mr. Loveseth was a resourceful man and soon came up with a solution. He borrowed the 1 inch rope used to carry hay to the barn loft, and a team of horses, the rope was wrapped around and around the steamer flywheel. With the steamer in gear and the team hitched to the rope the machine was winched ahead a few inches at a time. By blocking the machine and rewinding the rope again and again the steamer reached firmer ground and could move on it's own power. With gas tractors such as the Oil-pull Rumely, the Hart Parr, and others breaking land moved at a faster pace.. Jonas hired some of these tractors every year. It wasn't till 1928 that he purchased a 15-30 McCormick Deering and did breaking himself.

Haying was an important part of summer operations as he always had a herd of cattle and a number of horses to feed. The use of an overshot stacker and and a horse sweep sped this up and in a reasonable afternoon a couple of 6 to 8 ton stacks could be built. During the winter months the hay was hauled to the yard by team and sleigh, as needed.

Threshing in the early days brings back memories. Most of the settlers had only a small number of acres in crops. They were cut and stooked in the field, when they had dried out enough each farmer hauled his bundles to his yard and stacked them. Threshing machines powered by steam were not common, the few that existed travelled from farm to farm threshing the stacks till Christmas or later. Usually the steam engines were fired with wood but in some cases straw was used when it wasn't needed for feed.

Small quantities of grain were sold but most used for feeding livestock. Wheat was hauled to a grist mill at Lake Demay and later, Camrose where the years supply of flour was milled. Jonas recalls hauling oats to the railway construction camps around Laks Demay in 1909 when the Vegreville - Camrose - Calgary, Canadian Northern branch line was being built. Oats were required for numerous teams of mules used in construction. Oats sold in this manner commanded a premium price of .50 cents a bushel, the going price was .15 to .18 cents.

Brush fires were a constant threat in dry summers. Although many acres of land were cleared quickly and cheaply with a box of matches, there was a danger of fires getting out of control. Jonas recalls one fire with which he was involved. Brush piles that had been burned on the Nordin farm at Lundemo were rekindled when a heavy west wind blew up. Fanned by heavy gusts of wind, fire moved forward in an irregular fashion through wild poplar stands. Jacob Danielson's (now Alan Erga's place) was directly in the path of one segment of the fire. Neighbors rushed to try and save the buildings. A fire gaurd was made by plowing a furrow with a walking plow and setting fire on the windward side of the furrow to create a burned over area where the main fire could burn itself out. Twice a fire gaurd was made and twice tit failed. On the third attempt the backfire was set on the dirt embankment adjoining the house and was successful in saving the building. The fire moved east, burning a swath about 4 miles deep north to south and finally dying out south of Kingman. The Slinds had made a fire gaurd in the valley immedietly to the west of their farmstead. The fire reached the valley with such a fury it jumped the gaurd catching fire to a pig house which burned, killing a number of pigs.

Dinant came into being in 1909 when the Grand Trunk railway from Tofield to Calgary was constructed.. Francois Adam, the Father of Camrose was said to be responsible for the name, Dinant, which came from his homeland Belgium. A station, loading platform and stockyards were built by the railway company. Two grain elevators were built shortly after. Daily passenger service from Dinant to Camrose or Edmonton was established. Mr. McNeil was one of the first stationmasters.

The first store was built east of the elevators, Mr. Vance operated it a short time and then it was purchased by Mr. Porter. He later moved it to a site across the railway on the NE. 1/4 11 which he aquired from P.A. Grundberg. The store did a good business during the years the coal mines were open. At the height of their operation they employed about 300 miners and loaded a train load of coal a day. The store was closed in 1950. The building was moved to Camrose just north of the bus depot and remodelled to become an apartment block.

The Spicer mine was opened shortly after the railway was built. For a time the coal was loaded on sleighs and hauled to the loading platform at Dinant where it was shovelled into boxcars. Jonas worked at this job for a couple of winters. Although labor unions became established in many larger mines, the Dinant mines were never unionized. When strikes shut down other mines, demand for coal increase and Dinant mines were busier than ever.

Many Welsh familieswere involved in the work at the mines and introduced the game of soccer. A soccer field, together with a ball diamond were built on the Grundberg homeplace, south of the farmstead. The Dinant soccer team competed in a legue with teams from Camrose and Duhamel. The playing field was also the site of many church and community picnics.

As a young man, Jonas was eager to aquire land of his own. He made unsuccessful trips to the Czar, alberta and McBride, B.C. areas in search of homestead land. Instead with his father's help he purchased the NE 1/4 4-49-20-4. He farmed the quarter a few years, then sold it to Mr. Oberg about 1920 when he took over the homeplace. The quarter was later sold to Elias Anderson and is presently owned by Hampton Anderson.

Jonas bought his first car in 1916, a used model T cabable of a maximum 25 miles per hour. It was most useful for Jonas in his courting days and seemed to give him an advantage over several other young fellows. He married Jennie Selin at Wilhelmina church in June, 1920. Following a honemoon in Banff they took up residence on the W 1/4 14. Jennie quickly adapted to her new home and district. She became involved with the activities at the Fridhem church, holding offices in the Ladies Aid and the Women's missionary Society. Jonas served on the boards of the church and the Dinant school district, acting as chairman for many years.

Before electric power came to the district in the early 1950's pressure water systems, refrigerators and home freezers were unknown luxuries. Water was pumped by hand and carried in buckets for cooking and washing. The canning of vegetables and fruit took many tedious hours during summer months.

meat rings were formed in those. Farmers organized in groups with each one providing an animal for butchering, one man was designated the butcher. He went to each farm in turn to butcher the animal and cut the meat. It was the responsibilty of the farmer whose animal it was to deliver fresh meat to others in the ring. Each farmer recieved a different cut every 2 weeks, over the summer every cut of the animal was recieved. D. Davidson, G. Rosland and F. Whitecomb were among men who did the butchering. Many households were supplied with fresh meat through the summer. Meat and other perishables such as butter were kept in ice houses or in wells, but this was not nearly as efficient as refrigerators. Some of the meat recieved each 2 weeks had to be canned to avoid spoilage.

Along with her household duties, jennie was expected to milk cows, help with haying in the summer and stooking in the fall. Cooking for threshing crews was a big chore for each farmers wife, neighbors often helped each other or girls were hired for those days.

The radio came into use in the early '20's and Jonas and Jennie recall vividly the marvellous contraption. A box containing 2 tubes and 2 sets of earphones. Many hours were spent with visiting neighbors, getting sore ears listening for some evidence of speech interspersed with squeaks and squawks of static.

The '30's brought dust storms, meagre crops and poor grain prices. Jonas was fortunate to obtain hay crops to provide an ample supply for livestock and some to spare. The surplus hay was baled by a stationary horse powered wire baler, loaded in boxcars in Dinant and shipped to less fortunate areas of the praries as a government relief measure.

In the towns and cities, jobs were very scarce and hundreds of men wondered around the country or rode the rails in search of a hand out or job. Another relief measure was a payment of $5.00 a month to a farmer who agreed to give room and board to one of the unemployed men during winter months. A further $5.00 was paid to the man who helped the farmer with his chores. Several winters such a hired man stayed with the Grundbergs.

During the "40's, two more quarters of land were added to the farm. The SW 1/4 26 which had been farmed by John Olson was purchased from the Hudsons Bay Co. In the late '40's the SE 1/4 26 was purchased from Joe Berg. The section of land was farmed by Jonas and Harvey until Vernon took it over in 1955.

Jonas and Jennie raised five children. They are Gladys Davidson of Burnaby, B.C., Lorraine Blumer of Edmonton, Vernon, on the home place and Harvey and Morley both of Edmonton.

Jonas and Jennie purchased a house in Camrose and retired there in 1955 when Vernon returned to take over the farming operation. Jonas remained active in the operation for many years after his so called retirement. Jennie remains active in the work of Bethel Lutheran Church and for several years was a relief cook at the C.l.B.I. They both enjoy good health in retirement in Camrose.

GRUNDBERG, P. A -In the spring of 1904 Per August Grundberg with his wife Margareta and family of 3, Jonas, age 12, Matlda, age 10 and Nannie age 5, left their home in Asele, Sweden for a place in the Northwest Territories.

The first lap of their journey took them across Sweden and Norway by train to Trondheim where they boarded a boat to cross the north sea to Hull, England. This took five days. They travelled by train 1 day to cross England to Liverpool, there they boarded a C.P.R. steamer bound for Quebec city. They were 13 days crossing the north Atlantic. The ship was used by C.P.R to haul live cattle to England and immigrants to Canada on the return voyage. Accomodations were crowded nd facilities makeshift. In Quebec city they again boarded a train and in 5 days arrived in Wetaskiwin.

Wetaskiwin at that time was thriving as it was a jumping off point for people settling on land to the east. That summer of 1904 the C.P.R. had started construction of the Wetaskiwin to Winnipeg rail line and Wetaskiwin served as a supply headquarters for construction crews.

In response to the colonization promotions undertaken by the Canadian government and the C.P.R. many of Per's relatives and friends left Sweden a dozen or so years before to seek their fortunes. P.A's brother Johan Oscar had left in the early 1890's and settled in North Dakota. When the Canadian praries and Northwest territories came open for settlement he moved north in 1898 and homesteaded NW. 1/4 26-48-21-4. This land is about 3 miles north of Armena and is now owned by Herman Atema.

On the 19 of June, 1904, Johan met P.A and his family in Wetaskiwin and took them by team and wagon to his homestead.

During the summer of 1904 with his family living at Johan's P.A spent most of his time looking for suitable land. Most of it had been filed on over the proceeding 10 years and choice homestead land wasn't readily available. After searching for several months he was becoming discouraged and considered returning to his former occupation as a lumberman and moving to British Columbia, or returning to Sweden. About this time he learned Hans Henry who homesteaded SW 1/4 14-48-20-4 was somewhat disallusioned with this country and wanted to return to North Dakota. He wanted someone to purchase the equity he had built up on the homestead.

P.A entered into an agreement with Hans Henry and together they drove to Wetaskiwin to complete the deal along with August Thonberg who acted as interpreter. Their agreement called for P.A to purchase the improvememnts on the homestead, some equipment and some livestock. Improvements consisted of 8 acres of cultivation, a 2 room log house, a log barn and granery. The machinery was a plow, seed drill, harrows, binder and mower. The livestock was about 20 head of cattle, 2 horses and some chickens. Purchase price was $1200.00.

Returning from Wetaskiwin they learned one of the horses had died from swamp fever, common in horses those days. The other horse was traded the next day to J.B Erickson for a team of light driving horses but also died a week later from the disease.

The P.A Grundberg family had land and a home to spend their first winter in Canada. The land was proved up by completing the homestead requirements of 15 acres of cultivation, title was recieved in 1907.

At that time their post office was Pretty Hill, Northwest Territories located on the homestead of Olaus Olson on NE 1/4 14-48-20-4. The hamlet of Dinant and the Grand Trunk railway from Tofield to Calgary didn't exist. Stony Creek was established in 1904, it's name was changed to Sparling in 1905, the province of Alberta came into being the same year. In 1906 the name changed again, this time to Camrose. Homesteaders had to purchase supplies in Wetaskiwin the first year, Bittern Lake the second year and Camrose after that.

The first few years were spent cearing and breaking more land. It consited of scattered bluffs of poplar and willows with some open areas of grassland. Clearing the bluffs was done by hand with an axe and the breaking was done with walking plows with oxen or horses. Oxen were stronger and more dependable but much slower and refused to work at all when the flies and mosquitoes were too numerous during the damp warm season.

The area had numerous shallow sloughs that dried up in July and august and provided forage for livestock P.A aquired in his original purchase.

The log house recieved an addition of a second story, 2 more rooms and a verandah. The original house stands on the land today with other alterations made through the years. The log barn also had an addition, complete with hayloft and hay carrier. The spruce logs were hauled from west of Hay Lakes. They were hewed and covered with shingles sawn at the Lyseng sawmill at Scandia.

The surrounding lands became heavily settled with virtually a family on every half section. Visiting among families was common as new settlers were anxious to establish new aquaintences. The Fridhem church, founded in 1902, besides holding regular worship services became a focal point for many activities. P.A.'s family became early members of the church and Margareta served as president of the Ladies Aid for many years.

As cultivated acres and cattle numbers grew more land was needed. P.A. purchased the SE 1/4 12, south of Dinant, from Mr. Flink for $6.00 an acre and farmed it a few years. Ole Speedall had purchased the homestead of Ole Olson (Lebo) on the NW 1/4 14 when he left the district for McBride. P.A. was anxious to buy this 1/4 as it adjoined his land. He traded the SW 1/4 12 to Mr. Speedall for the NW 1/4 14 for even money. This gave him 2 adjoining quarters which was easier to work.

P.A. also owned the SW 1/4 34 (Kringen's west 1/4) for a time. A bachelor friend from Sweden, Jonas Hamquist homesteaded the 1/4 and proved it up. He was involved in a near fatal accident at Thor Grue's sawmill when he slipped and fell into a saw. His head was badly cut, he partially recovered but wasn't able to farm or could scarcely care for himself. P.A. helped him with the farm, he bached on his homestead for short periods in the summer and stayed part time at P.A.'s. He gave his quarter to P.A. for taking care of him, a few years after the accident he passed away and the land sold to Albert Kringen.

During the summer of 1910 Almina Edvald came to live with the Grundberg's. She was 2 years old at the time her mother Mrs. Gustav Edvald (Carlson) was killed in an accident involving a runaway team and wagon. Two girls Almina and Eldie were left motherless. Almina was raised by Grundbergs and Eldie by the Kringen's. Almina later married Rupert Brandt and lived in Camrose for many years.

Matilda married Thorvold Throndson in 1914 , they lived on land now owned by Martin Severson. They sold it about 1919and bought in the Swea district. They had 4 boys and 2 girls. Eleanor (Mrs. Martin Lindstrand) of Dinant. Phyllis (Mrs. Wilf LaPointe, Vancouver. Clarence (deceased). Morris, Camrose district, Dennis (deceased) and Rodney, St. Albert.

Nannie married Ralph Wilson in 1917. The Tom Wilson family were early settlers and Tom with his 2 sons Cliff and Ralph farmed the land that is the present site of the Hutterite Colony. Wilson's sold that land and settled in the Joffrey area east of Red Deer about 1919. Ralph and Nannie had 4 children, Irene (Mrs. Harold Gale) , Kelowna. Ruby (Mrs. E.G. Gaby) Cobourg, Ontario. Gordon of Red Deer and Roy who was killed in a farm accident at Red Deer. Gordon farmed in the Joffrey area for many years with his uncle Cliff and is now retired in Red Deer. Nannie passed away in the early 1920's following a bout of pneumonia.

Jonas married Jennie Selin from the Wilhelmina area in 1920 and took over the home place. They had 5 children, Gladys (Mrs. Arthur Davidson), Burnaby, B.C. Lorraine ( Mrs. Carl Blumer), Edmonton. Vernon, who lives on the home place. Harvey, Edmonton and Morley, Edmonton.

In 1916 P.A. purchased the school land N 1/2 section 11 from Mr. McNamara who was then the Mayor of Edmonton. McNamara had bought the land in 1906 but hadn't made any improvements. It was heavily wooded with poplar and cleared by hand with Jonas' help. By this time the steam tractor was in use so was used for most of the breaking. In 1918 he built a new home and farmstead on the Dinant farm. The contractor who built it also built the Dinant store and the Ole Nelson home (later Falkenberg's). P.A. and Margareta moved to the new farm in 1920 when Jonas and Jennie took over the home place. They lived at Dinant till 1928 when they purchased a home in Camrose and retired. In 1929 he sold the Dinant home to Anton Chopper.

Within a year of retiring Margareta passed away and P.A. 2 years following that. Both are buried in Fridhem cemetery.

The Dinant farm became part of the Hutterite Colony a few years later when they moved to the district in 1948. The house which they didn't need was sold to the Proskow family and moved to the home of Roy Proskow.

GRUNDBERG, Vernon -I started school in Dinant in 1932. At that time Dinant school was a 2 room school with 2 seperate buildings. The old school on the east side of the road was the junior room eith grades 1 - 5, the senior room was in the cottage school building on the west. Miss Cynthia Peterson was my gr. 1 teacher followed by Irene Horte four 4 years. Percy Simonson was my teacher from gr. 6 - 10 until 1941 when he enlisted in the R.C.A.F.

We walked the 1 1/2 miles to school a good part of the time, although during the winter months we drove a horse and cutter and sometimes in the spring and fall, a team and democrat.

During 1942 and '43 a part high school course supplemented with correspondance in gr. 11 was offered, my teachers during this time were George Ainsley and Mel Bakken. I completed my high school at C.H.S. in Camrose where I shared a housekeeping room with Allan Throndson and my brother, Harvey.

My first year on a threshing outfit was in the fall of 1942. The crops were exceptionally heavy that year, with a later than normal harvesting season. Hired men were scarce during the war years and teenage boys made up most of the bundle crews. We were able to get harvest leave from school during the fall months. We were able to get in a long run of 26 days of threshing that fall, harvesting was not completed. When the snow came we changed our bundle racks from wagons to sleighs and threshed for a few more days. When the snow became too deep and the bundles too soggy, threshing became impossible and was discontinued until the following spring.

For a couple of summers my brother, Harvey and I operated Dad's steel wheeled McCormick Deering 15-30 tractor and brush breaker. We broke additional lands of our own and did some breaking for H. Young, Wm. MacDonald and A. Majeski. After a few such summers of abuse it became necessary to retire the old McCormick.

In 1946 I enrolled in the agriculture course at the university of Alberta. During the summer months of 1947 I went to work at the Dominion Experimental Station at Fort Vermillion. My particular phase of the work involved establishing and maintaining experimental plots of cereal grains and grasses throughout the extreme northern parts of Alberta , into the Territories and down the McKenzie River as far as Fort Simpson. We travelled to these scattered locations over Indian trails by truck, pack horse, canoe and on occasion by chartered aircraft.

The next summer I worked with the Provincial Lands Dept. as an inspector of public lands or "Homestead Inspector", as we were known to the new settlers in the north. Our work involved the approval of homestead lease applications and inspection of improvement requirments pertaining to the Homestead Lease Act. Several weeks every summer were spent in reconnaissance soil survey work in the unsurveyed areas to determine the suitability of lands for settlement and subsequent subdivision. After 2 such summers and following completion of my Agriculture course in 1950 I worked full time on field staff of the Lands Dept. The next few years, as my experience broadened, I travelled the entire province dealing with grazing leases, school land cultivation leases accrued area leases, miscellaneous leases and and school land auctions on crown lands. In 1954 I became interested in farm land assessment for tax purposes and transferred to the Dept. of Municipal Affairs, posted to Lethbridge.

While in Lethbridge I married May Jack from Colinton, whom I had met a few years previous on the U. of A. campus. May had just completed her Household Economics course that year. We lived in Lethbridge 1 year and returned home to farm in the spring of 1955 when my folks retired and purchased a home in Camrose. Farming the section of land I rented from Dad and Harvey was a full time occupation, although the first 3 years I continued to work in farm land assesments, part time.

Our family of 5 children, Sheryl, Donna, Byron, Kevin and Joan were all raised on the farm and recieved their education in Kingman. They completed high school at the Camrose COmposite High school. During those years as the family was growing up we were involved in home and school, Boy Scouts, Girls Club and minor sports activities at Kingman as well as at the Bethel Lutheran Church in Camrose.

Sheryl recieved a degree in social work from the University of Calgary and worked for the Dept. of Social Services in Edson for 2 years. She married Ken Olson from this district and resides in Edson where Ken has an electrical contracting business. They have one child, Jason.

Donna is a dialysis technician working with the homecare unit at the U. of A. hospital. She married Gregg Peters and they make their home in Edmonton.

Byron recieved his forestry science degree from the University of Alberta this spring, Kevin and Joan are at home.

During the late 1950's 2 more quarters of land were added to the Grundberg holdings, the E 1/2 23-48-20-4. The 6 quarters of land are presently operated as a father son arrangement with Kevin in a grain - beef enterprise.

In the fall of 1971 I was elected as the Division 6's representative to County Council and served in that capacity for 2 terms (6 years). The last 3 were as Reeve of this county. This involved policy making, administration and supervision of the many varied programs of local govt. These were busy years and very interesting, but during those years much of the farm work fell on the shoulders of May, Byron and Kevin.

Those years bring back many recollections but none quite as vivd as the winter of 1973-74. Only one winter in memory of old timers can equal that of '73, that was back in 1906-07 when 94 inches of snow were recorded with extreme temperatures of - 60F for long periods of time. During the months from Oct. 1973 to April of 1974, 102.3 inches of snow were recorded in the district. When the first snow fell during the last week of Oct. the ground was saturated. We had experienced an exceptionally wet fall although harvesting had been completed with great difficulty. The thick layer of snow insulated the ground, preventing penetration of frost. Temperatures remained at below freezing and the usual periods of thawing were not experienced.Ditches filled with snow and the once open roadways took on the apperance of tunnels through mountains of snow. County crews were unable to cope with the situation and additional equipment and crews were hired. At one time 39 units were valiantly fighting the snowbanks in the county, costing more than $6000.00 daily. Farmers with larger tractors equiped with dozers pitched in to keep yards, lanes and roadways open to permit access for propane, feed deliveries and bulk milk pick ups. School records indicate Kingman school was closed 14 days because busses couldn't run. Much more school time was lost when busses had to leave early or were open with partial attendance. The weatherman had dumped another 12 inches of snow followed by a brisk wind when Don and Jean Heie were expecting their first born. Another incident happened when the Kingman express high school bus became snowbound in the same ditch as a bulk feed truck and car had met head on in the blinding snow just 1 1/2 miles south of Kingman.

One snow removal unit hired by the county from Stelco in Camrose, proved to be an exceptionally versitile unit for the work. It was a four wheel drive, 15 ton articulated fork lift equiped with an 8 yard bucket and mobile telephone. It was operated by 3 local men, Lauried Lindstrand, Doug Fjeseth and Harvey Hovelson, on a 24 hour basis. It was able to move quickly in emergencies to provide access for propane and milk trucks. It was used to permit Haddon Bronnum to get feed stacks after he had exhausted his feed supplies. It also proved useful in opening the cemetery at Bethlehem at the time of mrs. Kringen's internment.

Spring came late but quickly in 1974. In mid Apr. the mountains of snow became instant water. Overnight it seems we were faced with floods and washouts on every turn. Culverts were unable to contain the enormous volume of flood waters and travel became a go where you can operation. It was well into summer before it can be said that travel was back to normal.

Just to indicate how quickly conditions in the area can change, it was only on years later in 1975 that fires were a threat. County council found it neccessary to reinstate a provincial burning regulation so permits were required for burning. No major fires occured in the immediate district some minor ones were reported, one in which Joe Kozak lost a log building and tools which had served as a blacksmith shop.

GUNDERSON, Evelyn - I, the daughter of Ernest and Ruby Christenson of St. Paul, was married to Eddie Gunderson of Lake Demay in 1933. We lived in Minburn for 20 years and one year in Irma.

We adopted our son Richard in 1946 when he was 5 weeks old. My husband passed away in Jan. 1954. Two months later, Richard and I moved to Kingman. I bought Victor Maker's house and had it moved to Kingman, Ihave lived in it ever since. Richard was 7 years old when we came here. He went to school in Kingman and Round Hill. His education was continued at the University of Alberta and N.A.I.T. In 1971 he married Elaine Mudry of Camrose. They have 3 children, Tanya, 5, Troy, 2, and Ryan born in Dec. 1979. They live in Edmonton, Richard was an orderly for 2 years in the U. of A. hospital. He has been head technician of the artificial kidney training unit for 5 years. Elaine has been working at Good Samaritan Pine View residence as a supervisor Rehabilitation Counsellor.

In the past years I have boarded people and done babysitting. I boarded Joan Lofgren of Hay Lakes, the home economics teacher, and Al Pesklivets, shop teacher, now living in Mannville. Jean and Alice Dahl of Kingman were with me too.

The children I looked after were Bobby Mah of Camrose, Ken, Johnny, and Darin Davis, and Cheryl and Dale Krezanoski all of Kingman.

On March 30, 1980 I will have lived in Kingman for 26 years.

GUNDERSON, Henry & Helen - Shortly after WWII, Henry and Helen arrived in Kingman from their farm six miles south. They bought Olga Johnson's house which was directly south of the A. Asp home. He had this home moved to main street and it is now owned by Leon and roni Grahn.

Henry sold Watkins products. In the winter he used horses and when weather permitted, his car. He sold his business to Glen Prudden. He was hired to deliver rural mail which was in turn handled by Art Gunderson who continued with this job until his retirement in Camrose.

Helen was plagued with crippling arthritis which resulted in many years at Bethany Nursing Home in Camrose. Henry continued to live in Kingman until he went to Bethany and was there for a while before Helen passed away. He didn't live long after her death.

Helen and Henry had one daughter, Myrnel. She married Glenn Prudden, the wedding took place at Salem Lutheran church in Kingman. They live in Sherwood Park. Their son Brian is parts manager at Pahal Motors in Wetaskiwin. Their daughter Heather Swanstrom, housewife lives in Lloydminister, Saskatchewan.

Editor's Note - Art Gunderson passed away April 8, 1980.

HALL, Dorothy (Rosland) - Dorothy Rosland was born at Dinant on Sept. 27, 1923. She finished her schooling at Dinant and worked in Camrose at the .05 to $1.00 Store.

On Nov. 6, 1942 Dorothy married Tom Hall who ws serving in the Armed Forces. Their first son Jim was born in Camrose. When Tom got his discharge they moved to Calgary, where Greg and Karen were born. While the children were still small they moved to Penticton, B.C. where Dorothy passed away on Mar. 5, 1971.

Jim is married and lives in Kelowna, B.C. where he is employed as a meat cutter at a Safeway Store. Gregg is married and lives at Kitscoty, Alberta, where he is employed as a battery man with an oil company. Karen married Chuck Rogers and they live in Calgary.

HALL, John & Emma (Nupen) - In 1896, John Hall, being the oldest son of a widow with a large family, left his home near Larsnes, Sondmore, Norway to go to America. After working a few years as a hired hand in South Dakota, he returned to Norway to see his mother and family. In 1905 he married a neighbor from childhood, Emma Nupen and built a house, planning to become a fisherman and settle down on the small family farm. This did not go well, as he explained to his family later, that being a fisherman and being seasick was a poor combination. After signing his allodial rights to a younger brother he again left for South Dakota and was later joined by his wife and two small children.

In the spring of 1914 John and Emma Hall with their 3 small girls arrived in the Camrose district. They later moved a few miles north to the NE 20-48-19-W4M four miles south of Kingman. The house had been built in 1901 with logs hauled from Miquelon Lake. At the time of this writing the house still stands at it's original location.

Here they settled down to what was the common lot of all early settlers. Long hours of hard labor was the routine. Most of the land clearing was done by axe and brush scythe, the breaking with horses and grubbing by hand.

Building fences presented difficulties too as it was necessary to cut through the trees first in order to know where to go. The land was fertile and given fair weather conditions, there were good crops. On the other hand it was not unknown to have what looked like a bumper crop completly destroyed by hail just before harvest time.

Mother's work in the kitchen was no easier. Here without electricity, refrigeration, washing machines, dryer, dishwasher, phone, T.V, car, radio, vacuum and all the other conveniences we take for granted, she and Dad raised a large family. Besides this they took time to be involved in the work of the Bethlehem Church of which mother became a life time member of the W.M.F. There were chores for all the family before and after school. All was not work though. There were various social events and it was always a welcome break just to have someone different to talk to.

There was an active birthday club for some years when people gathered for games, contests and singing. Weiner and marshmallow roasts and pie and box socials helped the young people get aquainted.

To John and Emma, nine children were born: Ole, their first born was born in Norway and died at five years old in South Dakota. Anna, 1908 - 1974 was also born in Norway. She was a very good seamstress and often called on by neighbor ladies when they needed sewing done. She was married to Jack Sherbanuk and lived south of Kingman until her death in 1974. They have 4 children, Dennis on the home farm, Joan, (Mrs. Norman Majeski), Joy (Mrs. Bob Bruggeman) and Lionel from Edmonton.

Olga took nursing aid training and worked at the Viking Hospital and the Royal Alexandra in Edmonton for many years. She resides in Edmonton. She writes " My earliest recolections are of trees everywhere, roads winding around sloughs where muskrats built their homes (and in the spring - mosquito infested). There were berries everywhere, saskatoons, gooseberries, raspberries and strawberries in the pastures. These we picked to can for the winter. The best raspberries always seemed to grow in a pile of bush with a wasp nest in it, and stings were almost a thing to be expected in berry picking. I think of thunder and lightning storms, we don't have many of those storms anymore. In the winter there were high snowdrifts that we slid on, tunneled through or built a fort in for a good old snowball fight. I remember the winter of 1917 when drifts were so deep the horses couldn't get home from the pasture. Dad made us ski's of barrel staves and we went with him as he went out to bring feed to the horses. Being very young, these things were fun, but to grownups it was hard work. These early days were lonely for mother. Having come from Norway she spoke little English and some of her neighbors spoke mostly Ukranian so there was little in common. An appreciated neighbor was Tilda Holm a teacher in a nearby school. She spoke both Norwegian and Swedish and often came and spent weekends with mother. She became a close friend.

Myrtle attended high school in Kingman. She as her older sisters had, helped in the neighborhood when ever a hired girl was needed. In 1944 she married Martin Maland and lived at Morrin, Alberta. They later moved to Surrey and Delta, B.C where Martin worked as a fisherman. They have one daughter, Hazel who is a legal steno in Victoria, B.C. An adopted daughter, Pearl (Mrs. Frank Masney) who is a hair dresser in Edmonton. They have 2 girls, Ursela and Annette. One adopted son, Raymond also lives in Edmonton.

Selma attended high school in Kingman and Forestburg. She trained as an R.N at the Royal Alexandra Hospital in Edmonton. She enlisted with the R.C.A.M.C as a nursing sister and served a year in South Africa where she visited several relatives. After returning she re-enlisted and spent a year in Great Britain during the Blitz. Here she married Flt. Lt. Peter Heron of Edmonton. After the war they returned to Edmonton where Peter resumed his job with Canadian Westinghouse supply Co. He advanced to the position of sales manager for western Canada before his death in 1956. Selma (Sally) worked as a nurse at the veterans hospital in Edmonton and died in 1974. Their children are Jim, married to Theresa Whale of Winnipeg Manitoba. Tey have 1 son Brendan who lives at Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan. Patricia married to Bob Woolley. She trained as a nurses aid. They have 2 girls, Terra and Erin. William, Donna and Jamie live in Edmonton where Bill works at the ITV studios.

Joseph, born in 1917 died in infancy.

Oscar, born in Camrose farmed the home place and later purchased it. In 1949 he married Marion Finstad from Edmonton. In 1956 they moved to Edmonton and he worked at carpentry, later returning to the farm where they now reside. Their 3 children all live in Edmonton and vicinity. Gerald is a respiratory technologist and worked some years at the University Hospital. Presently he is selling real estate. He is married to Shirley Warner and they have 1 son Jan. Kenneth studied electronics and works with Pitney Bowes, servicing and maintaining business machines. Ken and his wife Peggy (Billows) like farming and may someday move back to the farm. Carol took her high school at J.P Composite in Edmonton and Camrose Lutheran College in Camrose. She took 2 years at the U. of A. in the Bachelor of Music program. She married Eugene Dunn and works at the Royal Alex hospital in Edmonton.

Oscar writes "I recall dad telling of a time he was hitching his horses to the mower when a dog came running out of the woods and startled the horses as he was hooking the last trace. As a result he got the artery cut in his wrist. Fortunatly, Andrew Haugen, a neighbor was home and heard his call for help. The horses being well trained didn't run away and with Dad holding his wrist Andrew helped him get the 2 miles to John Scotvold's where they got his fast team of ponies hitched to the buggy and went 12 miles to a Doctor in Camrose. This incident which happened in 1916 shows some of te hazards of pioneering when cars and phones were scarce on the farm.

Of some historical intrest are a pair of wagon ruts believed to be part of the Battleford trail which can still be seen on this farm.

Morris writes "My most vivid memory of Kingman are the 3 years spent at the Kingman Rural high school. Gymnastic classes, carpet ball, outdoor skating on the rink south of Asp's, music by Melvin Lindberg, skiing to school in winter. Also riding horseback on a pony named "Dan" and usually accompanied by Laverne Millang on a high spirited horse "Jessie".

I joined the R.C.A.F and served in the European Theatre of War as an Aero Electrician with the 143 Wing "Typhoons". Upon returning to Canada in Nov. 1945, I had a ticket to Vancouver, B.C. I stopped off and visited around Kingman for a short time but it was too wintry so I headed to the West Coast to begin civilian life. I stayed with my folks who had retired and moved there in 1944. It wasn't long before the girl next door (Thelma Baker) came into my life and on Aug. 7, 1947 we were married. Our childrens names are Maureen and husband Ray Voisy have 2 children, Paul and Tacia. Maureen is a cashier and Ray an Air Traffic Controller, they live in Surrey, B.C.

Linda and her husband David Mitchell have 2 children, Shayla and Shawn. Linda has a Family Day Care in her home and David is an Area Traffic Engineer with BC Tel. They live in Abbotsford, B.C.

Terry is employed at the Plywood Division of Weldwood at Williams lake, B.C. Dalyce and her husband Ray Antifeau have 2 children, Kara and Cameron. Ray is a draftsman and they live in Surrey, B.C.

Donald and his wife Christina live in Coquitlam. Donald works for Beaver Lumber as a salesman and Christina is with Purdis Chocolates in Vancouver.

Norman, Faye and Gordon are at home attending school.

Julius' most vivid memories were the years spent at Poznan school where he had the janitorial service and carried water from the Scotvold farm, the frozen ink wells etc. Kingman high school where Harold Johnson and I were the only boys in a class of about 14 girls. Was it the hard times or the good old days ? Days when the roads were impassable and the weather bad, I appreciated the warm hospitality of John and Astrid Holte who gave me room and board fo 50 cents a day. The Hazel and Hugo's cafe where we met for happy gatherings. Riding on the floor in the back seat of a car after a skating party while a very popular handsome gent drove his lady home.

After leaving the farm in 1946 I was with my parents in B.C. At that time I was in construction. My next move was to Calgary where my sister sally lived. Here I met Trudy Ratke of Leduc. I was employed with International Harvester. Then to Camrose, where we now reside, I am associated with a real estate firm. I've had a keen intrest in the Boy Scout Movement for many years. At present I am District Commisioner for the Widrose District.

My wife is employed as a nurse at St. Mary's Hospital in Camrose. We are blessed with 2 children, Heather, who is attending Grant McEwan College in Edmonton and Kevin who attends junior high in Camrose.

HALLGREN, J.A - by Signe Kominsky - This is concerning the John (Alfred) and Maria Hallgren family. We emigrated from Jamtland, Sweden in the spring of 1906. We went by train fromOstersund to Trondhjem, Norway then by ship to England, crossed England by train to Liverpool, by ship to Halifax, Nova Scotia. From there we went by train to Wetaskiwin, Alberta and by livery team to Camrose and by horses again to Miquelon Lake to Chas Olson's, who were so kind to put us up until a house could be found.

The family then consisted of my father, mother and 7 children, Lillie, Betty, Signe (myself), Albin, Emil, Henry (Hilding) and Linnea, and my Aunt Alma who came with us. She later married Edwin Nordin and settled on his homestead south of Camrose.

While in Liverpool an incident happened that could have been tragic. My father and mother went to see the museum and Henry who was only about 5 years old got away from my aunt Alma and the other children and went to look for my parents. Luckily he was found crying, by a man who could speak Swedish and the man brought him back to the ship.

My father homesteaded 2 miles northwest of what is now Kingman and where Haddon Bronnum now lives. There was no Kingman town then so the closest store was in Camrose. Our mail was picked up at Olaus Olson's. They used one room in their house for the post office. Flink's, Olson's and us took turns collecting the mail from Camrose.

Like all early pioneers my father cut down trees on the homestead to clear a place to put up a log house. We had a very severe winter that year and had a pot bellied heater that was always going. One night the roof around the stove pipe caught fire and dad and mother rushed out bare footed to put it out. Mother handed up pails of snow as she couldn't take time to get water from the well, and luckily they got it out. I will never forget that night.

Dad bought 2 cows, 2 horses and a few chickens to start with. Our closest neighbors were Flinks and Olsons. Dad and they would go together to Camrose to get groceries with a team of horses. The following year Mickelson's came out from the same place in Sweden as we did. They took a homestead next to ours so we had close neighbors. Their family consisted of Johannes, Mannie, Anna, Maria and Clara. Their house is still on their farm close to what was called second Miquelon Lake. My mother and Mrs. Mickelson and a few others ladies started a "Ladies aid" to help raise money to build the first Lutheran Church in Kingman, which is still there.

Our grandfather and grandmother, Halsten and Matilda Ostberg also came over from Sweden a year or so later, as well as uncles Carl and August, and their families. My gandfather who had studies medicine in Sweden was often called on to treat the neighbors when they were sick or hurt, as there were no close doctors. However he did not live long after coming to Canada and is buried in the old cemetery close to Camrose. My grandmother married Mr. Nordgren and went to Washington to live where they passed away many years later.

While we lived on the farm at Kingman my brother Hal (Halsten) and sisters Ivy and Violet were born. Then about 1913 my parents sold out and bought a farm four miles northwest of Camrose. Later my sisters Gladys and Esie were born making a family of 12 altogether. My parents both passed away at 60 years of age, in 1933 and 1934 and are buried in Wetaskiwin. I am now 83 years years old and make my home with my only daughter, Evelyn and son in law Dave. I have 3 sons, Archie, Alex and Johnnie, 8 grandchildren and 10 greatgrandchildren. They all live in Vancouver except my son Alex who lives in Kingston, Ontario and a grandson married there.

HALLGREN, Lillie Eugenia (Osness) - Lillie the daughter of J.A. Hallgren was born in Jamtland, Sweden in 1894. She came to Canada with her family in 1906. In 1916 she married Victor G. Osness, the oldest son of W.W. Osness of Kingman. They lived on a farm in the area for 4 years. Later they moved to a farm four and a half miles southwest of Camrose where they lived until they retired to Camrose in 1953. Lillie passed away in Aug. 1957 and Victor in 1960.

Lillie and Victor had 5 children, Bernice, Gladys, lloyd, George and Dorothy. Bernice married Frederick Barber and has 2 children, Allison and Noel. Gladys married Charles C. Snowden of Calgary and had 5 children. They are Gayle, Campbell, Joanne, Wendy and Cheryl. Lloyd married Virginia Vikse of Camrose and had 4 children, Vickie, Victor, Carol and Kenneth. George married Gladys Rasmussen and has 5 children, Warren, Robert, Norman, Joan and Douglas. Dorothy married Rev. Norman Pfotenhauer of Chicago and has 5 children, Vivian, Dorothy, Jane, Dawn and Heather.

HALLGREN, Betty (Elliott) - Betty married Jack Elliott and lived in Tofield for many years where Jack had a garage and also operated the old variety theatre, about 1913 to 1925. They had one son who died in infancy and another son Clifford, who died at about three years old during a diptheria epidemic in Tofield. They moved to Washington about 1925 and then to California. Jack passed away about 1940. Betty now lives in Montery California with a daughter, Jean and son in law Henry Larcher. Another daughter, Mary (Mrs. Wm. Kauzlarick) and family also live in Monterey.

HALLGREN, Albin - Albin started working for the C.N.R. in Kingman in the 1920's and one of his fellow workers was Sam Cinnamon.

He married Mildred Turnquist of Lundemo, they have one daughter, Neva, who is married and lives in Campbell River, B.C. Albin retired from the C.N. after living in Edson for many years and now lives in Fanny Bay, B.C.

HALLGREN, Emil - Emil married Agnes Gunderson of Camrose. He worked for McGregor Construction for many years and lived in Edmonton before he retired. They now make their home in Maple Ridge, B.C. Emil also worked in Tofield as a young man in a garage operated by his brother in law, Jack Elliott.

HALLGREN, Henry (Hilding) - Henry went to live in New York city as a young man, where he made his home with cousins Barner and Hilma Norlund. He worked for many years at Macy's Department store. When he retired he went to live in Monterey, California. He passed away in 1976.

HALLGREN, Linnea (Huss) - Linnea married Edward Huss and lived in Wainwrite where Ed had a garage. They later moved to Edson, alberta where they lived for many years and Ed had a garage before moving to a farm. They moved to Powell River, B.C, on retirement.

They have 4 daughters, Adeline (Mrs. George Givilliams) and Ivy (Mrs. Robert Heatly) who live in Powell River. Edwina (Mrs. R. Logan) and family live in Kamloops, B.C. Audrey (Mrs. David MacLean) and family live in Houston, B.C.

HALLGREN, Hal (Halsten) - Hal married Kathleen Clark of Edmonton and worked as a mechanic for Pinkston and Streeter before he joined the Army and served overseas with the 1rst. Armoured Tank Brigade in WWII for four years. On returning to Canada they lived in Prince George and Haney, B.C. where he was a Commissionaire at the International Airport in Vancouver. They had one son, Dixon, who was a reporter for the San Francisco Chronicle for many years. Hal and his wife both passed away in 1975.

HALLGREN, Ivy (Nixon) - Ivy married Dr. Earl Nixon, a dentist and lived in Powell River, B.C. They had one daughter, Deene who is married and lives in Powell River. Dr. Nixon passed away in 1964 and Ivy in 1969.

HALLGREN, Elsie (Bremner) - Elsie married Roy Bremner of Vancouver and lived there before coming to Edmonton where Roy was a salesman for Metalfold Doors. They later moved to Toronto where Roy was a salesman for OKite Industries and Elsie worked for the Bay in the credit office. Roy passed away in 1973 and Elsie still lives in Toronto.

HALLGREN, Mrs. Mildred - I was born Dec. 29, 1910 in a waiting room, Mr. & Mrs. Langbell had in Camrose. They took in mothers to be who lived miles away from a doctor when a birth was due in the winter.I am now in my 70th year. My parents were Mr. & Mrs. Tornquist and I was an only child. I left the home farm northwest of Camrose when I was 34 years old, so I have seen the things I write about and the vignettes as told to me by reliable people are true. My father died from Dropsy in 1922 so I spent more time working outside on the farm with cattle and crops than most young women.

One winter, when enough male help was not available, I hauled large blocks of ice from first Miquelon Lake and stacked them in our very good logs and sawdust "icehouse", so cream and food could be kept sweet and in good condition during the summer. The iceblocks were hauled by horses pulling sleighs. The job had its hazards and we worked very carefully with the blocks. The ice was usually 18 inches or so in thickness and was sawed in 36 by 24 inch blocks. We occasionally heard yarns of unlucky workers getting dunked in the icey lake water. The only thing such a victim could do was scamper as quickly as possible to the house a the temperature usually hovered about zero fahrenheit or colder.

Another fond memory is the York Cafe and the good Chinese chap who had it in the middlle 1920's. Mother and I would get banana splits at .25 cents each, a real treat. He certainly made them delicious.

I now live in Fanny Bay, British Columbia.

HALSET, Olaf and Kari - as told to Gertrude Asp - Olaf and Kari Halset left Opdal just south of Trondheim, Norway, and came to Kingman in the spring of 1928 , the beginning of the depression. They stayed awhile at the home of T.J. Rogness. Kari worked for T.J. Rogness and Chester Ronning while Olaf worked on a farm for Jack Erickson.

They rented a farm from Christen Heiberg who had moved to Camrose. Later they rented a farm near Miquelon Lake where their daughter Clara was born. Alfhild was born while they lived on the land owned by Ole Bjorgum.

In 1937, the Halset's left Kingman for New Westminister, B.C. where they lived for 31 years. Olaf died Nov. 30, 1973. Kari lives in Langley, B.C.

Clara (Mrs. Bill Detchkoff) of Watson Lake, Yukon, has a son and two daughters.

Alfhild (Mrs. Ted Smaback) of Langley has three daughters.

Mrs. Halset said they were too poor when they lived in Kingman to have a camera so could not supply pictures for that period.

HAMILTON, Irene Adelia (Horte) - I am the oldest daughter of Marit and Thor Horte, born in Bardo, Alberta in 1910. My parents and I moved to Kingman in 1911.

I have many fond memories of growing up in Kingman. Christmas was a delightful time, with school Christmas concerts, the candlelight services at six o'clock Sunday mornings and Christmas dinners for a whole week from one neighbor to the other. We had a playhouse village in the grove of trees where Wick's house now stands, where most of the children at that time gathered to play house , etc. As we grew older there were skating parties at Miqeulon Lake and barn dances in Jack Erickson's new barn. There was also the tennis court between our house and the cafe, where we spent many hours playing the game. We had a very good girls basketball team and used to compete with other country teams at the Edmonton Exhibition.

At the age of 18, I took Normal school training in Camrose and graduated as a teacher in the spring of 1930. After teaching four years in Armena and three years in Dinant, I came back to Kingman in 1937 and taught for one year before getting married. At this time carpet ball and the gym classes held in the Kingman Hall got the whole community out for fun and recreation. Lunch was always served with homemade pies, doughnuts, cake and all sorts of goodies and coffee.

In July 1938 Lloyd and I were married. We lived in Camrose for one year. When my Dad Thor Horte passed away in 1939, Lloyd took over as buyer for the Alberta Wheat Pool and we moved to Kingman for 2 years, living in the Erickson house which is now owned by Bill Ingram.

I remember attending many ladies' birthday parties in Kingman at this time. A group of ladies would gather whenever anyone had a birthday, we used to buy a quart of thick cream for .20 cents from Mrs. Welch, which was quite often used in cream puffs at these parties. No weight watching then ! Our grocery bills were about $35.00 a month. Aberhart and Social Credit were topics of the day.

After 2 years in Kingman, we lived in various places; Camrose, Edberg, Mirror and then Edmonton for 25 years. Lloyd working as a travelling superintendant for Alberta Wheat Pool.

We had 3 sons, Reginald (deceased in 1970), Donald Lloyd , Merchandise Manager for Woodward stores, married and living in Vancouver. Hal Robert, a Biologist with Alberta Dept. of Environment, married and living in Edmonton. I have four grandchildren.

When Lloyd retired in 1973 we moved to Cmrose. He passed away in 1977, I have now sold our home and live in an apartment in Camrose. Again I am close to Kingman and am able to socialize with relatives and old friends.

HANNA, Margaret (Cail) - Margaret was born at Dinant in 1907. She married and they moved to a farm at Kelsey where they also had a store and post office. They spent 12 years in Kelsey and then moved to Edmonton.

They have 2 boys. Wilbur works at the Hudson's Bay Company and lives in Edmonton. Craig went to the United States and worked for major Air Lines, flying out of Oakland for 20 years. He passed away in 1975. Margaret is now retired and lives in Camrose.

HANSON, August & Brita - by Russ Hanson - August Hanson and his family arrived in Halifax on Sept. 3, 1925 and came directly to Miquelon Lake, where they were guests of Sigfrid Hanson and family upon arrival. He was the last of the Hanson brothers to leave Sweden, Sigfrid had come in 1906 and Hjalmar and Gustav in 1912. Their father, Hans Olson had come in 1909 and picked a homestead at Miquelon Lake. All were living in that area in 1925.

August Per Hanson was born in Jan. of 1888 in Bollnas Parish, in Gavleborgs Lan, Sweden to Hans Olson and his first wife, Ella Persson. Sigfrid and Hjalmer were his brothers by this marriage. Their mother died in 1891 at only 29 years old, shortly after the birth of a daughter. The baby died a few months later.

August married Brita Erickson from the Undersvik parish in 1911. Born in 1891, she was one of six children in the family of Erick and Ella Olsson. Other members of the family were Olaf, Helena, Erick, Per and Lars. Her father once served as a member of parliament in Sweden.

Both Bollnas and Undersvik are located in Gavleborgs Lan, which includes the old provinces of Halsingland and Gastrikland. It is the most southerly part of Norrland, a region that covers the northern half of Sweden. Central Sweden is known as Svealand, once called "the land of the Sveas' in ancient history; and southern Sweden is known as Gotaland, or "the land of the Goths". Norrland lies north of the river Dal, about which there is an old saying, "north of the river Dal, there are no oaks, no crayfish and no nobles". In other words don't look for any nobles in the Hanson ancestry. People from north of the river Dal were mostly freehold farmers, foresters and loggers.

Ella Persson, mother of the 3 boys was the daughter of Pehr and Kerstin Olsson from Ovanacker, Sweden. Her father, a farmer, was also a trader and broker in grain and hay sales. He became quite wealthy in the 1870's and 80's from such transactions. An old family Bible which was given to Pehr and Kerstin in 1866 has come down to the August Hanson family. It is now owned by Dr. Eric Hanson of Edmonton.

When August and Brita arrived in the Brandland district, south of Miquelon Lake they came with 4 children. Eric, almost 13 was born in 1912 on a farm in Alfta. Hans, 11, was born in 1914 on farm in Arbra, and Birger, now called Barry was born in 1919 in Arbra. August sold the farm in 1920 and moved to Edsbyn, where he bought a sawmill and house in the village. Ella was born there in 1922. No children were added to the family in Canada.

August Hanson moved his family to the farm located SW 20-49-20 on the south shore of Miquelon lake. It was then owned by Mrs. Heiner, widow of Rev. Leonard Heiner who died during the influenza epidemic in 1918. This land later became a popular place for picnics, ball games and political meetings. It is now part of the Miquelon Provincial Park.

August didn't stay long in the Brandland district. His sons, Eric and hans who had gone to school in Sweden, attended the Brandland school. The family moved to the Woodlawn district in the spring of 1926. After another move to the Spilsted district, the family moved to the Bashaw area in 1937 where August farmed until his retirement. In that move, Barry helped to herd the livestock past Hay Lakes and Gwynne to the new farm.

Barry hanson, who farms at mayerthorpe, says that the family moved so often that they have missed every local history book. Barry married sigrid Holmgren of Grand Forks, B.C., and they have 2 boys and 2 girls. Sgrid is the sister Eric Holmgren, known to many as a historian at the provincial archives in Edmonton. Barry also serves on the local council in Mayerthorpe.

When August and Brita retired to Nelson, B.C. in 1945 their son Hans took over the farm near Bashaw. Hans married Noreen Stewart, they have 3 girls and 1 boy.

Ella has been sick for many years with an incurable disease. Once married, Ella Hammond spends time between her bed, a wheelchair and therapy at an auxiliary hospital in Edmonton. Her son, Bruce, known as Jay to his audience works as an all night disc jockey on CHED radio.

Dr. Eric Hanson taught school in various places in Alberta and studied for university degrees during the depression and war years, 1932 - 1946. This was followed by a career at the University of Alberta for 28 years. He served as the Professor of Political Economy, and Associate Dean of Graduate Studies. He obtained his Ph.D. in Economics from Clarke University, Massachusetts, in 1952. Now retired in Edmonton, he says he's an incurable Edmontonian and enjoys watching it develop into a large city.

He married Helen Sutherland in June, 1936. Helen also taught school and had a long association with the Alberta Correspondance School Branch in Edmonton.

If the depression years were bad for everyone in Canada, the depression of 1921 was also a bad time for August hanson in Sweden. When lumber prices fell, he lost his sawmill business. It was then he decided to emigrate to Canada. In retrospect however, Eric thinks his father and mother would have been better off had they stayed in Sweden. "After all, everything turned out well economically in Sweden," he emphasizes.

August was a musician who played the piano, violin and violincello, he preferred classical music to dance and popular music. He formed a group with the boys, however and played for a number of dances at Miquelon and Woodlawn school. On those occasions, Eric played the violincello, Hans, the violin and August played piano. They also played for Rev. Ecklund of the Wilhelmina Swedish Lutheran church when he conducted services at Miquelon and Woodlawn schools. August composed some music based on Swedish folklore. In Mar. 1927 he participated in a musical program with Hendrick Mickelson in the Kingman church.

August Hanson passed away in Nelson, B.C on Nov. 22, 1956. Brita who had come to Edmonton to live with her daughter died on Apr.3, 1969.

HANSON, Gustav & Esther - Gustav arrived with his brother Hjalmer in the Swea district in Apr. of 1912, where Sigfrid, another brother was living. They had just missed the wedding of Sigfrid and Daisy by a couple of months. Hans Olson, their father who had come a little earlier, was on his homestead at Miquelon lake.

Anders Gustav Hanson was born in Dec. of 1894 in Soderhamn parish in Gavleborgs Lan, Sweden, to Hans Olson and his second wife, Anna Hedstrom of Soderala, the daughter of Anders Gustaf and Stina Hedstrom.When the family moved to Bollnas, his mother died in 1900 at the age of 38 shortly after the birth of her second son, who died the same day.

With the loss of his second wife, Hans Olson arranged with a sister to care for the youngest member of his family. The name of the aunt is not known, but Gustav was sent to Kiruna above the Arctic circle, where he grew up and went to school. The big iron ore body is located at Kiruna from where a railroad was built to the ice free port of Narvik in Norway. Although he was registered as Gosta Anders Olsson according to his certificate from the Kiruna Higher Public School in 1910, he was registered as Anders Gustav Hanson at the Swedish consulate in Montreal in 1918. His stories about learning to ski from the Lapplanders and about his trip on the railroad to Narvik, now have context many years later.

Like other emigrants from Sweden, the two brothers may have boarded a liner at Stockholm or Goteborg and crossed the North Sea to Hull or Liverpool. If they landed at Hull they would have crossed England by rail to Liverpool. The steerage pass from Liverpool states only that they were to travel by steamer or rail to destination. In making their travel arrangments however, the brothers sent word ahead that they would try to book a passage on the R.M.S Titanic which was expected to sail on its maiden voyage to New York. Since the liner was fully booked the brothers sailed from Liverpool on the C.P.R ship, Lake Manitoba on Mar. 4, 1912 and after a long voyage they landed in St. Johns N.B. on Mar. 29. They arrived in the Swea district about the same time the announcement was made of the sinking of the Titanic, but Hans Olson heard about the sinking before he heard of the arrival of his 2 sons. He has repeated the story many times of how he paced the floor wondering if his boys were on the ship. The White Star Liner sailed from Southampton and collided with an iceberg on Sunday, Apr. 14, 1912. The news that Sunday evening with so great a loss of life was a great shock. The Camrose Canadian listed the names of 16 Norwegian emigrants who were on the ship but no other names were given.

Gustav went to live with his Dad on the homestead where he helped make improvements but Hjalmer bought a farm west of Kingman near Miquelon lake. After working around to gain experience, Gustav worked for James Mohler and Sons at Ohaton. The farming operation consisted of 4,000 acres with 900 acres under cultivation, 300 head of cattle and 500 pigs. A news item in 1913 reported that the Mohler's fed 24,000 bushels of grain annually to the livestock, but they would double the operation if more competent help were available.

About 1924, Gustav helped Eric Winder to thresh at Lake Demay. Cupid arranged three lasting marriages and life long friendships that year. Gustav Hanson and Esther Hoflin ; Lewis Hoflin and Mary Stefura and Eric Winder and Louisa Jacobson.

Gustav and Esther were married in Edmonton in 1924, Esther was the daughter of Andrew and Anna Hoflin who had settled in Lake Demay. After their marriage they moved to the Hans Olson homestead, while their , Russell was born in 1925, Laurie in 1926 and Arthur in 1927.

In Aug. of 1928 Gustav moved his family to a new farm in the Woodlawn district. It was during this time that Knut Peterson had come with his family from Sweden, and lived with the august Hanson family before getting settled. Their son, Martin Peterson helped August and Gustav Hanson make improvements on their farms. He also helped Hjalmer to build on a nearby farm to which he and Grandpa olson had moved. Russell remembers a big fellow trying to catch minnows in Ketchamoot creek which flowed across the farm, but not until Martin Peterson reminded him. Later, a lone beaver belonging to Helmer Anderson built a dam across the creek and flooded part of a field. Helmer eventually caught the beaver with a trap but not before the beaver managed to trip it with a short stick which the beaver carried as it swam about.

While in the Woodlawn district the older children started school, where incidently, Eric Hanson courted Helen Sutherland who was teaching at the school. The girls, Irene and Gertrude were born when the family lived there.

As cash flow dried up in the depression years, things got ptretty rough for the family. Although he was never in arrears with taxes, Gustav couldn't keep up payments on the land to the Hudsons Bay Co. It was a very traumatic time when they were asked to evacuate the farm under the threat of foreclosure. To have broken the land and erected fine buildings only to give them up was a bitter pill to take. The family returned to the homestead at Miquelon lake in Mar. 1936 to begin anew. Grandpa Olson had passed away in 1935.

The homestead at Miquelon had fallen into much disrepair during it's long vacancy, but Gustav was a good carpenter, a trade he learned in Sweden, and soon the place was made habitable again. He aquired a lease on SW 33 for pasture along the lake and he bought the Winder farm at SE 33 when they moved to New Westminster. Hazel and Beulah were born during this time. As the children grew up they left home in search of jobs. When the house was built on the new place Gustav and Esther lived there untill retirement.

Gustav and Esther took up residence in Kingman in 1959 where they enjoyed a few short years together. After a short illness at St. Mary's hospital in Camrose, Gustav passed away on Mar. 4, 1965 at 70 years old. After 14 years as an invalid at Bethany Hosp. in Camrose, Esther passed away on jan. 31, 1978 at age 74. Only a strong faith in God and the future of their children gave them incentive to press on despite hardship and sickness.

When Gustav left Kiruna for Canada at the age of 18, he was the beginning of a new generation in a new land. Russell married Martha McCoy, they live in Edmonton and have 3 children. Karen , who teaches music is married to Robert Gloge. Marlene who plans to attend university , has a young bouncer, called Justin, and Jeffrey is still in school. Russell worked many years for Imperial Oil as an accountant and at present is an auditor with Revenue Canada.

The 4 girls, Laurie, Gertrude, Hazel and Beulah moved to British Columbia, where they have raised families. Laurie married Desmond Browne, a dairyman at Mission, they have 6 children. Kenneth who serves in the Royal Scarlet, married Julia Sapinsky and they have 2 children, Jamie and Roberta. Shirley and Ray Booth who live in White Rock, have Scott and Heidi and Gerald, Daryl, Elizabeth and Jackie are at home.

Gertrude married David Driediger of Langley and raised a family of 4. Janis and Paul Dorozic live in Calgary. Christine and Harold Thompson of Camrose have a child. Sheryl lives with her mother and Daniel lives with his father in Fort St. John. Trudy is married to Frank Powell of Quesnel, B.C.

Hazel married Tom Dziedzic of Winnipeg, they live in Mission with their 2 boys, Gregory and Bradley.

Beulah married Norman Smith of Edgerton before moving to Langley, where they have 5 children, Andrea, Sandra, Blaire, Dale and Trevor.

Irene married Willie Bjorgum of Kingman and has a family of 5, Elaine, Alice, Keith, Laurel and Glenn, their account is in this book.

Arthur married Janet Little from Dumphries, Scotland, they live in Edmonton where they have Iain, Nola, and Neil. Arthur has worked many years as a mechanic, but he is now a foreman of an international transport firm.

HANSON, Hjalmer - Hjalmer Hanson arrived with his brother Gustav at St. Johns N.B. on Mar.29, 1912. With a 2 week layover in Liverpool the brothers had tried to book passage on the Titanic, but fortunately the liner was fully booked. When they arrived in the Swea district they heard the shocking news of the sinking of the Titanic.

Hans Hjalmer Hanson was born in the parish of Bollnas, in Gavleborgs Lan, Sweden in Jan. 1889, to Hans Olson and his wife Ella. After completing public school in Bollnas he attended private school in Lund, where he completed high school. Then he studied the Swedish, German and English languages, which would later be very useful. In 1910 he completed a commercial course at the Brothers Pahlman's Institute in Stockholm where he studied banking operations, a knowledge which he put to good use in Canada.

There is no doubt that Hjalmer was impressed with all the land available in Canada, compared to the small acerages in Sweden. He wasted no time establishing himself as a land owner near Miquelon Lake on the east shore of the first lake. The beach subdivision located on NE 2 was established in 1910 but Hjalmer picked up SW 12 almost immediatly upon his arrival in Canada. In July, just 3 months after his arrival he was building an up to date barn on SW 12. In 1913 he owned all of the adjoining section 11, not covered by the lake, which he bought from Edmund Thompson, a local land dealer. He also made application to homestead NE 32, located north of his Dad's homestead at third Miquelon Lake, which he abandoned the following year, it was picked up by Emil Erickson. Small wonder when searching the township records, his nephew thought there were 2 Hjalmer Hanson's; but not so according to Haddon Bronnum an oldtimer at Miquelon, approaching his 80th year. He knew Hjalmer in those days, Haddon's Dad the Rev. A.A. Bronnum was Hjalmers neighbor on NE 12.

Although obviously busy, Hjalmer found time to organize the Miquelon school district in 1913 as it's first secretary. His minutes for that year were so well written, they show an impressive command of the English language. In 1915 however, Hjalmer showed an uncharacteristic activity when he accompanied John Mickelson and Eric Hoflin to the convention of the Independant Order of Good Templars. It was at this convention that the IOGT set it's prohibition program into motion.

Hjalmer established an early friendship with Albert Swanson, who served as councillor of the Cornhill Municipality from 1913 - 16. Described as a good natured Swede with an eye for business, Swanson sold produce from his homestead to campers at the First Miquelon Beach. Having settled there in 1911, Albert had a little pier below his place from which he travelled to the campers, or to which customers came.

When Albert resigned from Council in 1916, he left with his family for Minneapolis, accompanied by Hjalmer to live and pursue a meat market business. It isn't known if Hjalmer went into partnership with him then, as he did later. Hjalmer beat a fast track back to Canada in 1917 when the U.S. draft looked at him as a possible candidate for the Army. He had served a term in the Swedish army and wasn't about to become that patriotic again.

On his return to Canada he eventually disposed of his land holdings and went to live with his Dad on the homestead at Miquelon. He worked around the country too, for example he and Helmer Anderson, an old friend, went to Forestberg one fall to work in the fields. As Haddon Bronnum explains, "You really never knew where Hjalmer had been, and he would never tell you where he was going". Hjalmer moved to the Woodlawn district in 1929 where he aquired a farm on a tax sale, his Dad Hans Olson, then 70 years old, moved with him. The new farm was about 2 miles from the Gustav Hanson farm and 4 miles from the August Hanson farm.

Albert Swanson moved back to Miquelon in 1935 and bought the farm of his old neighbor, Andrew Olson. Always the wheeler dealer he bought cattle from several neighbors and leased a large lake shore acerage to pasture his 500 sheep. Hjalmer joined him again in a business venture but to what extent is not known. Early news items indicate that they may have been cattle buyers since they reported, "Hanson and Swanson sold a cr load of cattle trhis week". Hjalmer appears to have been comfortable with the arrangement as he began to spend winters at the coast after his Dad passed away in 1935. His brother Sigfrid had moved there in 1926.

When Albert Swanson left for Penticton, B.C in 1937 to set up a meat market, Hjalmer followed him after visiting his brother August and family at Ponoka. Swanson returned in 1938 to dispose of his stock, implements and household effects by public auction. He also put up for sale three quarters of land in section 16 and half intrest in the island. Hanson and Swanson conducted their business in Penticton till 1943. While there Hjalmer occasionally shipped a barrel of apples to the Hanson's at Miquelon.

Hjalmer then moved to Vancouver where he was employed as a machinist in the shipyards during the war. He owned a small cabin boat which he sailed up the coast on weekends and holidays. He participated in the annual fish derby at Horseshoe Bay where he landed "the big one" about 1948, he looked pretty pleased about it, according to the pictures.

In retirement years, Hjalmer lived in a hotel in downtown Vancouver and later in a number of retirement lodges, including the Swedish rest home in North Vancouver. Always a loner, he was never an easy man to find although Ross Hanson, one of Sigfrid's boys usually knew where Hjalmer could be reached. He took daily 10 mile hikes on a route which included Stanley Park, today there is a trail known as the "Hanson Trail", named in his honor. It is located halfway through the park, leading to the right off the Lions Gate Bridge Road.

Never married, as far as anyone knows, Hjalmer passed away in Vancouver on July 6, 1975 at 86 years of age. He had once considered returning to Sweden for his retirement according to correspondance he left behind.

HANSON, Sigfrid & Daisy - When Sweden intoduced compulsory military service in the 1900's, Sigfrid Hanson decided it was time to leave. He was the first of the Hanson's to leave Sweden, although an uncle, Johan Holm, his wife Anna and 2 children had left in 1891 for Denver Colorado. Sigfrid came alone in 1904 or 1906, if the draft became law in 1905 as indicated, the later year is most likely date for his arrival. He came to the Swea district where he married his first wife Elen Erickson in 1908.

Olaf Sigfrid Hanson was born in Feb. of 1886 in the parish of Bollnas in Gavleborgs lan, the eldest son of Hans Olson and his wife Ella. August and Hjalmer hanson were brothers by this marriage.

After his first marriage he homesteaded in the Lake de May district east of Camrose, several miles south of Lake Demay; but a search of records for 9 townships in the area failed to turn up any record of land in his name. According to early accounts he was using the name, Olaf Hanson, it appears he began using the name Sigfrid after his second marriage in 1912. His grandfather was known as Olaf Hanson in Sweden.

Sgfrid's first wife, Elen Margarita Hanson died in Oct. 1909 while giving birth to baby Elen Margarita who died 11 days later. She was 16 years old at the time of her death. They were buried in the Fridhem Swedish Lutheran Church cemetery, a large marker has been erected by the church listing their names, among others whose graves have become lost through time.

On Jan. 9, 1912 Sigfrid Hanson married Daisy kirk of Bawlf in the Presbyterian chhurch by Rev. K.C. McLeod. According to the announcement they were to live in Camrose but were in the Swea district when Hjalmer and Gustav arrived in 1912. A rural phone was listed in the name of O.S. Hanson in 1913.

Daisy Bourne Kirk had an unusual childhood with mysterious connections to the Nahanni Valley. She was born in Apr. of 1896 in Coleman, Michigan to James Bourne and Flora Swinyer. Her father was born in 1871 in Yokahama, Japan, the son of an ENglish army officer. Her mother was born in 1875 in Vermont, U.S. After her parents married they moved to the Lacombe district where Daisy's mother passed away; she was 23 years old and Daisy was only 2. Her father then moved to Edmonton where he operated a butcher shop. When he married Anna McLeod her father thought he had a greater responsibility to his new family and arranged for her adoption to the Robert Kirk family of Bawlf, who wanted a sister for their boys. The Robert Kirk family came from Grand Forks, North Dakota in 1897 and settled at bawlf east of Camrose. Daisy was one of 9 children in that family but as she explains, it wasn't the best arrangement for her.

Anna McLeod, who Daisy's father married in 1900 was a sister of Willie, Frank and Charlie McLeod sons of Murdock McLeod a Hudsons Bay factor at Fort Liard, N.W.T. Fort Liard is located near the Nahanni Valley which became known as the headless valley, after 2 men were found without their heads. The brothers, Willie and Frank went to the Nahanni valley to investigate Indian gold diggings in 1905. The little party dissapeared up the Nahanni and when a year went by, Charlie McLeod started a search for his brothers. The search ended in 1908 when their bones were found in the Nhanni. The story is told in a book called, The Dangerous River, by R.M. Patterson of Panther Books, London, England.

While Sigfrid and Daisy lived in the rural area east of Camrose, Florence was born in 1912, Dorothy in 1915 and Vernon in 1917. In 1918 Sigfrid aquired land from the CPR at Miquelon lake in the Brandland district, at SW 9-49-20. Sigfrid bought the Jonas Nelson house which stood on a point at the south end of Miquelon and moved it to his new farm.According to Florence, the family moved into the house on Nov. 11, 1918. They were living there when the August hanson family arrived from Sweden in 1925.

While in the Brandland district 3 more children were born, Cecil in 1920, Ross in 1922 and Earl, the youngest in 1926. Florence first attended the Brandland school in 1920 and later, Dorothy, Vernon and Cecil attended.

Haddon Bronnum tells of a time he visited Sigfrid and Daisy at the farm. It was raining when he called and Sigfrid was on the roof trying to pin down tar paper to stop leaks, in the meantime Daisy was trying to bake bread but the rain kept coming through the leaky roof. Sigfrid loved to smoke his pipe even when it rained but his pipe kept going out and Daisy yelled to get the roof fixed but Sigfrid had to light his pipe first. He couldn't come down because the kids had taken the ladder away. The roof got fixed and Daisy baked her bread but not before Sigfrid lit his pie.

The Sigfrid Hanson family moved to New Westminster in 1926. Sigfrid went to work for a CN maintenance crew on the track to Vancouver, Edwin Graff was a young fellow on the same crew. Edwin and Florence were married in 1930, in 1933 they moved to Pouce Coupe to homestead and operate a sawmill. With a family of 10, now living in Sunset Prarie, there is a big community of Graff's to help celebrate their 50th anniversary in 1980.

After working for the CPR, Sigfrid worked for a sawmill in New Westminster, about the time Florence and Edwin were married the mill burnt down. Now without a job Sigfrid left home after the wedding and wasn't seen again for many years. Daisy didn't have an easy time supporting a growing family during the 30's. She went to work for the CPR as a caretaker and while there met Bill Mattson who worked in the dining car. After applying the law for absented spouses she and Bill were married in 1948. Now in her 80's Daisy and Bill live in retirement in vancouver.

In those years Sigfrid was living up the coast north of Vancouver. When he was asked about leaving the family he explained that if he could fend for himself, he thought Daisy and the family would be better supported by some form of assistance. Sigfrid passed away in Vancouver in Sept. 1958.

The children left home to get jobs and start families. Dorothy married Albert Vuigner and moved to New York where Albert was employed in the head office of an aircraft manufacturer. They are retired in Los Angeles where their only son, Tony lives.

Vernon married Viola Taylor, they raised 2 children, Wayne and laurel. Vernon worked for many years in the pulp and paper industry and for a time worked at the Hinton mill. Now seperated from his family , he lives in New Westminster.

Earl married Marjorie Jacobs of Vancouver, both are pharmacists, so have a long association with the pharmacutical trade. After working for a drug store chain in Vancouver they moved to Los Angeles to work for another chain. Earl has recently retired and lives in Los Angeles.

Cecil Hanson who never married, passed away in 1954; and Ross hanson who lives in his own house in Vancouver has never married.

HANSON, Simon - Simon Hanson, his wife Anna Dorthea and 4 children, together with my father's parents Ole Martin and Dorthea came to Camrose from Norway in Aug.1908. The first winter we stayed at my father's brothers homestead on the SE 1/4 36-49-19W4. The following spring, Dad and Uncle Hans farmed together. They bought the NE26-49-18 and rented the E 1/2 22-49-18 from Mr. Fisher. On termination of the lease, hans moved to Revelstoke, B.C where he was employed at timber harvest, pulling trees into landings by steam donkeys. Father and the family moved temporarily to the Hjalmer Eastman farm and during this time he negotiated another contract lease with lars Peterson from Kingman. Here my brother Mark and I attended Farmington school. The teacher at the time was Miss Clark from Edmonton. Before this I had attended Solberg school and standard schools in the Dodds district. At the Solberg school the teacher was Mrs. Irene Gordon. Helen, her daughter, took me part way home on dog sleigh when the road was drifted. When I was at Standard the teacher was a young lady from England. Her name was Mabel Lister, the late Mrs. Alfred Thorsley. At a Christmas concert she gave me a Bible which I still have.

During 1911 and 12, the Peace River country became newsworthy in the community and many people became interested in homesteads. For only $10.00 you could get 160 acres. Also available was African scrip which was 320 acres offered at $1000.00. Scrip was land allotted to the Canadian soldiers who fought in the Boer War in Africa.

On July3, 1913, Simon hanson family, his parents and 2 brothers together with several other families and single persons, loaded their effects, horses and cattle, and shipped out from Kingman to Edson via CN rail. Here was the beginning of the Edson - Grande Prarie trail. A caravan consisting of 2 teams of oxen, 8 teams of horses, wagons, buggies and prarie schooners and 40 head of cattle was formed. The evening of July 15 found the party out on the trail at the 10 mile stopping place,where there was a large flat feeding ground for the stock. As the party progressed over miles of corderoy road, swamps and treacherous sticky mud, the loose horses and cattle, as well as grandma's and kids tended to get ahead of the wagons. Stopping places at noon and for the night were sought where the stock could graze and rest. On Aug. 13 after 5 weeks on the trail, the caravan reached it's destination, about 285 miles from Edson to Valhalla. For Simon Hanson, his parents and family this was the end of the road.

I, Darre Olaf, Marhus, Sara and Gertrude were the 4 children born in Norway. Arthur, Albert and Alma were all born in the Kingman area. Marie, Martin and Hazel were born at Valhalla. There were 10 children in all who married and raised families. My parents, grandparents, Uncle Iver, Uncle Hans as well as brothers Mark and Albert have passed away.

Imarried Guro Vatne from Minnesota, after the family moved to Valhalla. We have a girl and a boy. In 1951 we moved to the town of Grande Prarie.

I have been back to Kingman many times since we lived there. In 1922 during the time Ed Thompson and associates operated the Kleskun Ranch at Sexsmith, Alberta, Harold Johnnson and I worked at Thompson's home farm in Kingman. Harold and his parents were earlier residents and owned the lumberyard at the time.. In 1924 I came back to Kingman again. This time I operated Mr. Thompson's steam engine for a couple months. We pulled tree stumps and cleared land that was to be broken. There was a crew of 6 or 7 men. I'm sure some of the Kingman boys will remember.

HARDIN, Frank & Fanny - by Martha (Hardin) Kushner - When the Rodnunsky family moved to Edmonton, my father, Frank Hardin, took charge of the "Kingman Farmers Supply Store". At one time he had a blacksmith shop in Kingman and did iron work.

We were 3 children in our family, Martha, Harry and Hazel. It's been 40 years since I left Kingman and unfortunatly I remember very few of the people, but the Simonson and Asp families stand out clearly. The Simonson's molded us and gave us an excellent foundation in the three R's. They were very instrumental in motivating us to higher goals and were truly, born teachers.

The Asp's were warm and friendly neighbors. I remember wonderful smells coming from that busy kitchen and a continual open house. Bernice and I were bosomy pals and swore endless devotion, as girls of that age do.

I have one little story of past days, as a child. I was a great dreamer and had magnificent fantasies. I was fascinated by all the pretty, brightly colored bottle tops in my Dad's store. I would save them all and when i thought I was absolutley alone and no one was watching, I buried my treasures; all the tops from the bottles, Coke, Cream Soda, Orange Crush, and so on. They went into a hole under our fence, for I felt that one day they'd be worth a fortune.

My father died 32 years ago. My mother has since remarried and her name is Mrs. Isaac Hestrin.

I married David Kushner and we live in Edmonton. We have 4 daughters, Susan, Shirley, Leah and Frances.

My brother, Harry Hardin, his wife, Pat, their daughter and 3 sons live in Toronto. Harry practices medicine in the field of psychoanalysis.

Hazel is married to Leslie Cosman and they have 5 sons. They live in Calgary, before her marriage she was a nurse.

HARRISON, Hilma Viola (Sikstrom) - I, Hilma Viola Harrison, born Nov. 1918 have the honor of being the first child born on the old A.P. Skalin homestead. I started school at Dinant in 1926 and attended school till 1933. I then went out doing housework in Kelsey and Edberg districts. In 1942 I started sewing for the Great West Garment Factory, Edmonton, Alberta.

A friend introduced me to Robert Raymond Harrison and we were married Oct.10, 1942. We first lived on 104 st. where Raymond Adrian and Glen Edwin were born.

In 1949 we bought an acerage on 142st. and built a house, where Lynn Elizabeth andJohn Richard Roy were born. In 1956 we sold our acerage and moved to 149st. our first home with sewer, water and electricity, and where we still live.

Robert is a carpenter and worked on many large buildings in Edmonton as well as in the north at Tuktoyaktuk on the Beaufort Sea.

Raymond got his degree in Agriculture at the University and is self employed as a cattle hoof trimmer. Glen lives in Prince Edward Island. He was first in the Navy, then search and rescue helecopter and in 1976 was promoted to flight engineer and now flies on the Argus planes. Glen is married and has 2 children. Lynne got her degree in Early Childhood Training at Grant McEwen College. She has worked at Day Care Centers and is presently cook at Fulton Place Day Care. She is interested in theater and did volunteer work at Walterdale Playhouse, and is very active in her church. John Richard "Rick" joined the Navy in 1975 as a Hull Technician. He got his basic training in Eastern Canada before being transferred to Esquimalt, B.C.. He works on the ship, Provider and has been to New Zealand, Australia, Hawaii and the Fiji Islands. He was married to Dora Lee Jones in Jan. 1978 and they make their home in Victoria , B.C.

HARTSCHEN, Winifred - I, a war bride from London, England, arrived in Kingman Dec. 1919 by train, to a cold, snow covered country. My husband who was already on the farm was supposed to meet me. He had the misfortune to slip off the road into a deep ditch so it took a while to get the horses back up again.

There was no station agent in those days. There i was, a lone figure in a strange land not knowing what to do. Had there been a train back to Edmonton i would have taken it. In the meantime Mr. Tom Rogness, the postmaster came to pick up the mail that the train left. He wanted me to go to the post office with him but I refused and patiently waited for my husband to show up. When he did, I was to learn I had to ride in a cutter behind 2 black horses. I was scared, I never got over the fear of horses whether it was in the cutter, wagon or buggy.

Our little 2 room house had been recently built but never finished off. It was very cold in the morning, everything was frosty or frozen.

Being a hard winter (1919-20) cattle feed was scarce and it took our last $100.00 for a load of hay purchased from a neighbor, Mr. Sydboe.

Mrs. Sydboe was very kind to us. If my husband should have occasion to stop there she would send me 2 or 3 eggs and that was a treat greatly appreciated.

Times were hard and money scarce. I remember having to patch the chimney of our coal oil lamp with brown paper as we didn't have the price of a new one till we recieved our cream cheque. January was a mild month but then more snow and in those days the roads were practically trails. The snow just piled up and didn't start to disapear till May. Our son Roy was born June 19 of that year.

The Sydboe's had moved away, Mr. & Mrs. Bill Wideman moved into their little log house with 12 children. They were wonderful neighbors. I have never met a more loving or kinder person than Sarah. She was mother, sister and friend rolled into one, for me. Many pleasant hours were spent with them. In the winter evenings we would visit and they would make a huge tub of ice cream. After our fill Mrs. Wideman would say,"Now you must have a cup of tea to warm up before you go home".

I was wondering during our recent teacher's strike what today's teachers would do if they were in the position of those in 1930. My husband was secretary for Farmington school. The wage then was $60.00 a month, later raised to $70.00. They boarded out with different neighbors. We had many teachers, mostly those just out of Normal School. Some didn't stay the whole term, being so young, the older pupils were unmanageable. Mr. Duncan took the position and being an ex-military man soon had things under control. Next a younger person came, Mr. O.P Thomas in 1925. He married Mildred Carter of Tofield in 1926. They had their honeymoon in the house vacated by Widemans. From then on we reffered to it as "Honeymoon Cottage". In the meantime a small teacherage was built and Paul and Mildred moved in.

Farmington like other country schools had it's Christmas concerts. There was an old pump organ that I was asked to play. Not being used to such an instrument I would forget to pump with my feet which resulted in no sound. Percy Sutton (Joe's son) would do the pumping. We had very happy times in spite of hard times. The children always recieved their treats.

In those early days there was good train service. We could take a train in the morning, shop in Edmonton and return in the afternoon. We shipped our cream that way and cans were returned in the evening. We looked forward to our cream cheque, though not large, we were able to buy groceries, we always had plenty to eat.

My husband organized a beef ring. Every Friday a farmer would bring a steer to our place. It would be butchered and hung outside the barn. Each farmer belonging to the ring would get his share. It was a lot of work but worth it, as we were never without meat. What we couldn't eat, we canned.

It seems as though there has always been a Kingman Hall where we spent many pleasant, entertaining hours. We had basket socials, amateur programs and once in a while a political meeting. An athletic group was formed by Simon Simonson, I believe. The young girls had a softball team, the men a baseball team, Johnny Erickson was catcher and my husband, pitcher.

When WWII started we formed a Red Cross group which knitted and sewed. Everyone was put to work. Those who couldn't knit wound the wool, which was issued to us by the pound and came in large skeins. Khaki for the military and navy blue for the sailors. We packed food parcels for our enlisted boys and generally put in a knit garment. One time we had parcels ready to go when we heard Alfred Simonson was overseas so another parcel had to be packed. There was no knitting ready so Mrs. Jack Erickson knitted one sock and I the other so Alfred got a pair of socks in his parcel. Our group made many layettes, each included a small quilt, knitted jacket, bonnet and booties.

Walter, my husband died from a fire that destroyed our home. It was Sunday Nov. 25, 1934. It was so cold and we had to wait in the barn until neighbors were able to call for an ambulance from Tofield. He died Dec. 1, in the Royal Alex Hospital, Edmonton. Our neighbors and friends were wonderful, they took us in, fed, clothed us and built us a new home.

On Jan. 18, 1942, Jack Keech of Barrhead became the manager of the lumberyard in Kingman. He married my daughter, Betty on Christmas eve of 1943. Their son, Jackie was born June 3, 1945.

My son Roy married Jack's sister Eileen. Roy is now working for Interprovincial Pipeline. They have 2 children living in Edmonton. Dianne is married to Maurice Shoropod who works for an insurance firm. They have a daughter, Jennifer. Danny is not married, he works in the sales department of Westinghouse Electric.

At present, I live in Sherwood Park, Alberta.

HAUGEN, Pastor Henry - Pastor and Mrs. Haugen and family came to the Kingman area in the fall of 1951. Pastor Haugen was called to serve the newly formed Kingman Parish of the Lutheran Churches of Bardo, Tofield, Salem, Kingman and Trondhjem, Round Hill.

Before coming to serve the Kingman Parish, Henry served as Pastor in the Claresholm Parish, in Claresholm, Alberta, this being his first parish. He served there for 5 years and was married during this time to the former Merliene Howg of Enchant, Alberta.

When the family arrived, the parsonage which had been purchased was being renovated, so the family spent the first years on the farm near Bardo church. The family then consisted of Carol, 3& 1/2 years, Joel, 2 &1/2 years, and twin daughters, Sharon and Shirley, 1&1/2 years old.

We moved into the parsonage in Kingman in the fall of 1952. Our closest neighbors were Roy and Gunda Molvik, and Mabel Simonson and her mother, Mrs. Simonson.

Kingman at that time was a thriving little village with a lumberyard and hardware store, 2 general stores, a restaraunt, 2 garages, 3 elevators, a railroad station with an agent and even a barber. We remember a sign on entering the village which read "The Biggest Little Town in Alberta". As we became part of the town we believed it to be true. People took pride in keeping their yard and property looking nice. We enjoyed our large yard and garden; the children spent many happy hours playing there. Henry was kept busy trying to keep up with the neighbors, keeping lawn and garden in order. In the winter the children would look forward to Friday evening skating parties. While we lived in Kingman 2 daughters were born into our family, Marilyn in Jan. 1953 and Eunice in Nov. 1958.

We resided in Kingman until Feb. 1960 at which time Henry accepted the call to become the Chaplain at Bethany Home and Hospital in Camrose. The family then took up residence in Camrose. Henry served in this capacity until 1966 when he became administrator of the Institution. He was also active in community projects. One more child was born after moving to Camrose. Lois was born in Nov. 1964.

In June, 1979 Henry retired from his position at Bethany after 19 years of service. At the present time he is serving s Interm Pastor at Messiah Lutheran church in Camrose for one year; he is also managing the Wild Rose Villa, a senior citizens housing complex.

Our family at this time ; Carol became a teacher, married to Dr. Roy Kawanami ( a dentist), lives in Leduc and does some substitute teaching.

Joel, also a teacher, teaches at C.A.F. Base at Cold Lake, married Georgette Mercier. They have 2 sons, Mark 3 years and Darren, 1 year.

Shirley lives in Edmonton. She is an operating technician at Royal Alex Hospital.

Sharon lives in Edmonton and works at an optical laboratory.

Marilyn also became a teacher and taught for 1 year at Spruce Grove, 2 years at Fort McMurray and then decided to go to seminary. She is in her second year of studies at Lutheran Seminary at Saskatoon.

Eunice is enrolled at the University of Alberta in her fourth year of Elementary education. She became engaged to Neil Querengesser, the wedding is set for May 3, 1980.

Lois is home and taking grade 10 at C.C.H.S. We still reside in the same home in Camrose.

HAUGEN, Olav Paulson - Olav Paulson Haugen of valle, Setesdal, Norway, came to Dinant in 1921 under the sponsership of his uncle, Sam Olson. He was a strong, healthy man and very interested in boxing. Olav first worked in the mine and later as a section laborer. In 1936, Olav bought NE 22-48-20-4 from Nels Lyseng.

In Sept. 1939 Ingeborg O. Aamli arrived from Valle, Setesdal, Norway and they were married on Sept. 19. They have one adopted son Norman presently living in Lambeth (suburb of London) Ontario who is an accountant at the Credit Union. He has 3 children.

Olav had to quit his work on the section in 1948 due to ill health, but continued farming until his death in Oct. 1963.

Ingeborg had a sale in Nov. and returned to Norway for one year. She is now retired and living in Camrose.

HAUGESTOL, ED - by Josephine Haugestol - Ed Haugestol and Josephine Hofland of Camrose were married in 1918. Ed's mothers maiden name was Bertha Bakken. She was a sister of Ole Bakken who homesteaded the land where Camrose is now located. Ed was the engineer at the Dinant mine for several years. In 1926 we left Dinant for the States.

My husband passed away in March 1979 at the age of 85 years. We would have celebrated our 60th anniversary in April, 1979.

I am living in Sacramento, California and soon will be 79 years old.

HAUKEDAL, Jean Maria - I was born in Tofield on Aug. 17, 1935. I lived in Kingman with my parents, Roy and Gunda Molvik. They owned 20 acres of land at the north end of town. We always had a few head of cattle, some pigs, chickens and one or two sheep that Mr. Soma gave me as runts to raise. Cats were my specialty and it used to upset me a lot if mother wouldn't let me keep all the kittens our old "granny cat" had. Sometimes the old cat would hide them in Ovel Ovelson's woodshed. Later she would bring them home when they were fat and beautiful, then mother could never do away with them. Guess it was a good thing Mom milked cows so there was plenty of milk to feed them. Neighbors appreciated my mother's milking cows and suppling them with milk. I often think what a job it must have been to wash and sterilize bottles without running water.

Kingman wouldn't be Kingman to me without mentioning my special girlfriends, Mary Ann Strommer and Sonia Rogstad. What a grand time we had, we got the name of "the three musketeer's". We were nearly always together right through grade 12 at College. Mary Ann and I used to sing duets a lot for church and Luther Leagues.

Another great memory I have is when Iver Olson was courting my sister, Nora. He would often come by to see if she was home on the weekend, when she was supervisor at Miquelon school. Well if she wasn't, Iver would ask me if I wanted to go for a ride in his Model T coupe. As we never owned a car at home, I was thrilled beyond words to go for a ride in "the hills" as we called it. Nora always would say, "What did you bring her along for ?". I'm sure I wa a nuisance, but I surely did enjoy it.

We were always proud of our small town and the people. I know we would stick up for it at track meets or sports events. The Kingman sign used to read "Biggest Little Town in Alberta". We loved it and although it has really changed, our hearts are always there. I have amny treasured memories of my folks, family and friends.

I married Philip Haukedal. We moved to La Glace from New Norway nearly 23 years ago. We are now farming just south of La Glace. I work part time as a pre school instructor in Valhalla Center and really enjoy it. This is my 5th year with them.

We have 3 children, Cheryl, Cathy and Bradly. Cheryl was born Nov. 16, 1955. She is married to Jack Janzen and they live in Calgary. Jack is an electrician. They have one daughter, Heather, born Aug. 8th, 1977.

Cathy was born Oct. 29, 1957. She lives in Edmonton and is a nurse at the University Hospital. She plans to marry in Dec. 1979.

Bradly was born June, 17th, 1964. He is at home and attends high school at Sexsmith.

HAUPTMANN, Viola & Walter - I am the second daughter of Charles and Gunda Lindberg. On Sat. July 8, 1950 in Edmonton, Walter and I were married. We have on e daughter, Maralayne, and two sons, James Lynn and Stanford Brent.

I am secretary for employee relations, Personal Branch, Social Services and Community Health, in Edmonton. I have been with the government of Alberta since 1971. Walter is crew chief, Radio and Radar Technician for Northwest Industries Ltd. Industrial Airport in Edmonton.

Lorelle, born Aug. 1951 married David Gilbert on April 19,1971. They have 2 sons, David and Christopher. The Gilbert's live in Peace River, Alberta where Lorelle works as a Nurses Aid in Sutherland Nursing Home. David Gilbert works for A.B.C. Furniture and Janitorial Service.

James Hauptmann, born Oct. 1953 married Georgina Massia on Dec. 27, 1976. They have one son, Justin. James with the University of Alberta Arts Program is working towards law. Georgina is a supervisor, Accts. Dept. A.L.C.B in Edmonton.

S. Brent Hauptmann, Arts, University of Alberta, was born mar.1955. His trades are meat cutter, construction roofer and janitorial service.

My life on the farm began in Kingman on the 12th of Jan. 1924, delivered by Mrs. Petra Simonson, midwife. The huge double bed I was born in (brother Wallace and sister Eileen too) is still in my possession. Sentimental reasons have refused to let this bed go. At the present time is it at our son Jame's house as he has a fondness for antiques, as I do.

When I arrived in our family my parents were very happy as they wanted another girl and were ready to adopt, then less than 3 years later my sister Eileen arrived, the last of the brood.

First I was named Phyllis Marion but Dad decided on Viola Marion because Viola Erickson McKinnon was boarding with us at the time and he liked the name. So I became her namesake.

I began my schooling at Coal Hill school, 1/4 mile frome home, my first teacher was Olive Heffren. I can remember the first time the inspector of schools came to visit, I was so frightened (barely 6 yrs. old) that it was a doctor coming to check on us. When the Grade 1 class was asked to step up for a test of our learning the inspector asked some questions. My question was, "How many cats are there if I have one little kitten and another little kitten?" My answer; One big cat ! Don't think the other children let me forget that one. Arithetic from then on was one of my weak subjects.

Going to Coal Hill was a lot of fun. We had some very severe winters but most of us would be outside at recess to play games, build forts and in nice weather to play ball, snare gophers, hunt for frogs, toads and garter snakes to bring back to school for study. I guess I was quite a tomboy, having so many brothers. If we wanted to take in a free show at The Bailey Theatre in Camrose, we had to have so many gopher tails. Sometimes it was crows legs and magpie eggs we would collect then head for the theatre with our precious items to see a movie. I often wondered what the manager did with all the gruesome objects, he must have had quite a pile !

After Olive Heffren left, Gladys Christenson was the teacher. After Coal Hill I attended KIngman Junior High, 2 miles from our farm. Jim Gardiner was teacher, ahen I entered Kingman High school Simon D. Simonson and Evelyn White were the principals. Since grade XI was the last grade taught there, I had to leave home and attend McTavish College in Edmonton to take a secretarial course. My ambition from childhood was playing piano, singing and being a secretary.

I took piano lessons from Inga Johnson (Mrs. Gordon Vague) in Kingman and later, lessons and Theory I and II at Alberta College in Edmonton, taught by Miss Carmen Airth and Irene Little. Nearly every Friday my sister and I took the passenger train to Edmonton for music lessons, returning the same day.

While at school in Kingman I was seldom absent since we were used to walking the distance in any weather, transportation was limited so we had very little choice. I remember on e severe winter I boarded at the Kingman Cafe when Hazel and Hugo Hovelson ran it.

Life on the farm was really exciting, very busy and educational. We always had time to visit neighbors, be in all kinds of sports, attend picnics, rallies, political meetings, sports days, singing in the choir and musical groups, attending church, prayer meetings, debates, "Bees", Ladies Aid, birthday parties, teas, weddings, charivaris, anniversarys, movies and any other activities that we had. Our community was very busy and most people participated in everything.

I still keep active in many things but sports had to be curbed because of 2 total hip replacements, one in 1975 and another in Apr. 1977. I still dance and walk a great deal but no longer curl, bowl or swim.

I keep busy as President of Norwood United Church Choir, Secretary of Unit Five Ladies, Norwood Church and secretary of the Worship Committee and member of the church board. I am fond of assisting in organizing parties or weddings. I am also a member of The Genealogical Society, Edmonton Branch.

After all chores were done on the farm we often drove to Miquelon Lake to swim or picnic or skated on the sloughs or the rink at Kingman or did daredevil things with the gang at Hallowe'en. We had the life scared out of us when my brother Melvin took the car out on the ice at Miquelon and spun us around a few times. Lucky the ice didn't break or we'd have been in an awful mess. We could here the ice crack and when I think of it now I'm glad it didn't go through the ice. We used to go on weiner roasts, younger people were always included and ghost stories were the order of the night. How often after Hallowe'en night people would laugh at the pranks - of cows on a barn or a wagon perched on the roof of a building or an out house pushed up against a back door. The biggest job would be to tidy up everything after. I often wondered how they got the cow on the roof, but if you asked, nobody knew anything.

I still have 2 silver cups I won when I was captain of the carpet ball team. I know Gunda Molvik was on my team, but can't remember the others right now.

I have a scrap book my mother and I kept and it has some unique items.We had many singing groups in Kingman, one was the Octette that included Harold Vague, Doris Rogness, Evelyn Johnson, Stanley Rogness, Albin Anderson and myself. I the scrap books i have many items I'm sure most have forgotten. Reading the articles is very interesting. Gunda Molvik keeps everything up to date, she resides at the Hythe Senior Citizens home in Hythe , Alberta. She has one of the most interesting collections I have seen and records everything faithfully.

I could go on and on but my life at Kingman wasn't as long as for some who are still residing there. All I can say is for the time I lived there I enjoyed it very much and wish my children and grandchildren had had the opportunity of living in a small community. It was the most educational part of my life although I've had extra education and more experiences.

As a footnote; Remember when the Lindberg baby was kidnapped by a Hauptmann ? Thirty two years later, a Lindberg caught a Hauptmann.

Mrs. Viola M. Hauptmann (Lindberg)

HAY, Albert - Albert Hay came from New Brunswick with his parents in 1918 to the Tofield area. Mabel Gee went to Tofield to work for the Swift family and there met Albert. On Sept.6, 1922 they were married. They lived east of Tofield for several years where their three sons, Russell, Walter and Cecil were born.

Albert and his brother Bill had a milk route and also a draying business together in Tofield for several years until Albert and Mabel decided to go farming, so they had an auction sale. They lived for a while in the Wetaskiwin district, from there they moved to the Dinant area and in 1934 they moved to the Miquelon district. Their 2 daughters, Eva and Evelyn were born during this period when they were moving.

Times were hard so Albert cut mine props to haul to Round Hill to get money for groceries and clothes. Albert also cut ice blocks from ice on the lake and hauled to different homes to fill their ice houses. Some ice houses were made with 2 walls and insulated with sawdust and some were made by making a hole in the ground and covering it with straw. This is where people kept their milk, cream and butter. The ice was used to make homemade ice cream in the summer.

Albert with the help of his sons, cut logs and sawed lumber to build their house and barn. They had cattle, horses, sheep and goats, also chicken and geese. Sometimes it would get exciting with the billy goat. One day while they were shingling the barn, Walter and a friend were teasing Mabel so she set the dog after the billy goat and he went up on the barn roof. As he went up one side, they went down the other.

Both Mabel and Albert were interested in a large vegetable garden and were very good at gardening. Mabel, like her sisters Grace and Gladys loved to have lots of house plants.

Russell joined the army when he was 19 years old. He went overseas and when he returned he had tuberculosis and diabetes. He passed away in 1958 after 11 years in hospital. He is buried in Tofield cemetery. Walter met and married Joyce Bowick. They lived in Kingman and then moved to Enderby, B.C. where he operates a fruit stand. They have 3 children, Deana, Ricky and Robin. Cecil married Barbara Barons. They lived in several places before settling in Surrey, B.C. They have 7 children, Janice, Debbie, Keith, Darcy, Gerald, Wendy and Sherry. Eva married Edward Starcheski, their history is in the book. Evelyn married Art McIvor and lives in Port Moody, B.C. They have 6 children, Wade of Port Coquitlam, B.C. is a Comptroller, Linda lives in North Vancouver and is a receptionist, Curt lives in Fort Nelson and is a Mill worker, Colleen who lives in Port Moody and is a hairdresser, Kim and Michael still live at home.

Mabel and Albert retired and moved to Enderby in 1970. Albert passed away on Dec. 30, 1079 and is buried beside his son Russell in Tfield, Alberta. Mabel still lives in Enderby.

HEATON, Lila Mae (Soma) - I am Lila Mae (Soma) Heaton. I moved to Kingman with 2 of my brothers, Ilo and Gordon and my parents, Adolph and Ida Soma from Jackson, Minnesota in Sept. 1928, I was nearly 2 &1/2 years old.

My parents bought a farm 4 miles NW of Kingman and there we struggled through depression and all. Our house and barn were log covered with shingles, it was a humble but happy home.

I attended Farmington school, which too was humble, for 8 years of my school life, and was taught by Percy Simonson, Eddie Lindbergh, Clifford Simonson and Mary Lovegren. The grades ranged from one to eight and those fine teachers managed to give us a good education, sometimes with over 40 pupils enrolled.

The following years were spent at Kingman high school where enrollment wasn't as high. Because of the snow and the distance, I lived in town during the winter. One year I shared a room at the Rognesses with Thelma Bjorgum, Beulah Millang and Marjorie Sutton.

I attended Salem Lutheran Church and there I was confirmed. I sang in the choir and was active in Luther League. I remember the arguments my dear friend Adeline Simonson and I had over differences in religion. Church played a very large part in my life as my parents were dedicated Christians.

Later I went to Mrs. Knipfils Private commercial school in Camrose and worked for Dr. H.H.W. Beyerstein who later became a member of parliament.

The war was on and better wages beckoned me to Ajax, Ontario where I worked in a war plant on the Cap and Det line. Later I moved to Tyler, Minnesota where I managed the dry goods dept. in a Kand K store. Then on to Washington state where I worked in a Real Estate Insurance office.

On July 15, 1946 I married Lloyd Dale Heaton who served in the U.S marine Corps for 4 years and came from Cumberland, Wisconsin. Lloyd is employed as a construction superintendant for the Kall Co. which build large buildings. Recently they purchased the San Clemente estate of former President Nixon, to develop.

My son Fraser is also a construction superintendant and is refurbishing an old building in downtown San Diego to help retain the city's history. He attended B.Y.U. Southwestern College and United States International University. He has 2 children, Tamara Sue, 15 years old and Shannon Star who is 1 & 1/2 years old. Being a doting grandmother I think they are both lovely, and they are.

I am a Real Estate Broker with Red Carpet Realtors and have my Graduate Realtors Institute degree. My husband and I have just purchased our 7th home in Chula Vista and anyone with tenants will appreciate the fact that we have occasional headaches.

It has been a long and sometimes hard journey, especially losing our one son at birth, but my memories of Kingman, my roots, are good.

HEIBERG, Andy - Odd K. and Ragna G. Heiberg left Ringerike, Norway in 1926 with their 2 small sons, Andreas, 2 years old and Eystein, 2 months old. They travelled with Christen and Florie Heiberg and family for about 2 weeks across the Atlantic.

It is told that Andy had a harness put on him but one day freed himself from it and tossed it in the ocean. He must have thought it would be the end of that thing.

They landed in Montreal and travelled by train across Canada. Of course at that time the destination for Norwegians was Camrose, Alberta. They were welcomed by others who had arrived before them. The search for farmland was #1 priority, they found a farmstead about 12 miles north of Camrose. The 2 families lived together for a time and later Odd and Ragna moved to the bardo district and settled on the Ole Bartness farm. In 1928 a daughter was born and named Marie Magalene making their family complete.

Norwegian was used in the home and when Andy started school at Grand Forks he sat beside a grade 8 girl who acted as interpreter, Gladys Ness, now Mrs. Lester Severson.

Both Eystein and Marie attended the Grand Forks school, 2 miles from their place. The modes of travel were walking, horse and cutter or in winter, cross country skiis. Andy recieved his high school education at Kingman and Tofield by way of walking or riding a bike, for grade 12 he attended Camrose Lutheran College.

Eystein attended the Anderson school at Bardo for part of his high school and later enrolled at the Vermilion school of Agriculture. Marie attended Kingman high school and recieved secretarial training at Camrose College.

A visit to the neighbors in the wagon or sleigh was a thrilling event. There was an occasional box social at the school and of course the annual Christmas concert.

A story is told that one day andy had told Olaf Anderson about 2 pigs they had on the farm, Per og Pal. So the next time Olaf met Andy he inquired how they were. Andy answered "Dette var Pal og Pallie for eine var en dame gris" meaning one was a girl pig.

The main form of entertainment was carpet ball in Kingman , 5 miles away. Andy and Eystein made a weekly trip, walking in after chores. There was also competition offered in the hockey games which caused much excitement.

There were many hardships experienced as their father passed away after a 6 month illness in 1941 leaving Andy at 15, Eystein, 13, and Marie,12 years.

Mother Ragna was diligent in gathering the children together and reading Bible stories, praying and planning the work.How she could take the inconveniance, no electricity and a couple coal oil lamps. There was no washing machine, just a tub and washboard and really hard water. Quite a change from her lovely home in Norway. However she was always enthusiastic about everything and as we look back, we can truly say she was wonderful.

Andy and Eystein took turns doing custom summerfallowing with an old Farmall A. tractor. They milked about 10 cows, had a few pigs and mother raised about 300 chickens. Money was scarce and only necesseties were purchased. During the war years some food items were rationed but mother was an excellent cook so we always had enough to eat.

In 1946 mother was afflicted with crippling arthritis and went to the Banff Hospital for warm sulpher baths for 4 months. These helped her greatly and she was able to walk much better.

In 1951 Andy married Bernice Magneson of Ryley, Alberta and 4 children were born. Lyle, Grace, Elsa and Gordon.

Eystein lived with and cared for his mother, Ragna. She was able to care for the house and cook. It was also possible for her to return to Norway several times. Eystein was very kind and considerate to his mother.

In 1956 Marie married Merle (Bud) Dawson, they have 2 boys, Gary and Brian and are living in Peace River. Bud has been a partner in Riverdrive Motors for 23 years and recently became involved in the real estate business. Gary is enrolled at N.A.I.T. in Edmonton in drafting design technology and Brian is attending high school in Peace River.

Andy and Eystein farmed together until Eystein's passing on Apr. 14th, 1974 at 46 years old. He was ill with cancer for about 2 years. After his passing Ragna, known as "Bestemor" came to live with Andy's family and was with them for 5 years. Andy carried on with the farm and hired help until the oldest son, Lyle was married to Rebecca Erickson of Camrose, June 17, 1977. He then continued with his father in the farming operation.

Grace, the oldest daughter was married to Robert Schacher July 8th, 1978, they live 1 mile north of Tofeild on a farm.

Elsa enrolled at the University school of Nursing in Edmonton in Jan. 1979.

Gordon is at present attending the Lutheran Collegiate Bible school at Outlook, Sask.

In the first part of Feb. 1979, Andy and Bernice left for Hawaii, having won the trip. Andy passed awy suddenly there on Feb. 21st. it was a great shock to his wife and family. He loved the lord Jesus Christ and expressed this on the day of his passing. Blessed be his memory.

On Mar.21st, 1979, Lyle and Becky had a son, Severin Andreas, the first great-grandchild for Ragna Heiberg, now 86 years old. She was at the Bethany hospital in Camrose for 1 & 1/2 years, she passed away in Apr. 1980.

We are grateful to the first settlers who were willing to risk their lives for future generations. If not for them we would not have the comforts of today. We are thankful to God for his many blessings and for his protecting care and guidance through the years.

HEIBERG, Christen K. - written by Lucy Heiberg Rylandshohn - We came to the Pretty Hill district in the fall of 1926 as greenhorn farmers, emigrating from city life in Bergen, Norway. At the same time came the Odd. K. Heiberg family and we lived together on the farm the first year, until my uncle moved to his farm in Bardo.

There were many hardships and adjustments for the adults during the depression years, coming from an environment entirely different, but for us children it was adventure and fun. Skis were often our mode of transport to visit neighbors and go to school.

The first winter with the co-operation of my teacher, my mother taught me English and gr. 1 at home. However after threatning letters form the Dept. of Education, my father drove me to school in a blinding snowstorm, May 1, 1927. We had the old white team and the front runners of the bob sleigh. When we arrived at Pretty Hill school only 2 big boys were there, Bernard and Wilfred Johnson, and the teacher, Mr. Harold Melsness. That was my first day of school. Two weeks later I restarted, walking through fields and pastures with Agnes Olson Parry, picking spring flowers as we walked.

It was a great school, terrific Christmas programs with the audience packed like sardines and my father worrying about the fire hazard, skiing and sledding on the hill, summer games and ball in the school yard, ink freezing in the ink well fetching drinking water from Slind's, etc.

My mother Florence heiberg held gym classes at the school at one time. The men in the community made a balancing beam. To my memory the class disbanded fairly soon, the evening mosquito's won that battle. I was atounded, on making a return trip in 1978 to find the 2 supports for the balance beam lying in the grass near the bits of foundation of the school.

There are many memories, the first threshing,(it was a big rig that year) with all it's teams of horses, the huge meals, starting in the wee hours of the morning, the fun of taking coffee and sandwiches out in the fields, if the weather would co-operate.

Then there was the old McLaughlin, the only car my father ever had. It developed a squeak one day on Kingman's main st. upon investigation a nest of pink mice were removed from under the seat. The car didn't last long but gave way to the more dependable horse power.

My father's pigs were his pride and joy. At one time they were mixed up with other pigs at the Kingman shipping pens before they had been marked. The problem was quickly solved, my father called "gris, gris, gris", and his pigs came a running. They were the only pigs that understood Norwegian.

Our years on the farm were influenced by friends and neighbors. I think particularly of the advice and friendship of the Albert Kringen's and the horse and animal knowledge of O.B. Olson.

As we 3 finished at Pretty Hill school we widened our horizons by going to Kingman high and then C.L.C in Camrose. When the war years came, Sophie and Severin joined the Air Force and later went to the University of Alberta. Sophie obtained her B.Sc. and is presently working in the lab. at Vancouver General Hosp., hoping to retire in a few years. Severin went on to University of B.C. where he got his Ph.D in Honors Physics. He worked in this line for a number of years before starting his own school of gymnastics in Vancouver, he is also planning his retirement.

I took nursing at the University of Alberta and after 15 years of retirement, returned to nursing 6 years ago.

My parents sold the farm in 1950 and moved to Haney, B.C., here my father died in 1953. My mother, now 85 years old. lives in my house and keeps busy in the house and garden. As my mother says "There are many good memories of those days on the farm".

HEIE, Steiner - Steiner Mickelson was born in Flaa Halingdal, Norway in 1872, the eldest of 8 children. In 1885 his family aquired the Heie farm in Norway and assumed the surname of Heie which was the custom in Norway at the time.

In 1889, Steiner Mickelson Heie emigrated with 3 of his older brothers and sisters to North Dakota. He worked on several large farms and attended night school. In 1891 he recieved a letter from Norway saying his father had died, he sold the farm and returned to Norway to settle the estate. He worked there for 7 years and after his mother died he sold the farm and returned to North Dakota in 1898 with the 3 youngest children. There he took 2 homesteads, one near Decorah, Iowa and one near Minot , North Dakota which he said had very sandy soil.

He soon learned about the new country north of the U.S border and the free land available. In June 1902 he came to Wetaskiwin, N.W.T., which was the end of the railway at that time. There he met Ed Thompson, a land guide. The next day, a party of 4, with Mr. Thompson as guide, drove from Wetaskiwin heading northeast for Birch Lake (in the Viking area). The first night they stayed with a Mr. Anderson, who had a homestead on the NW 1/4, 32-48-19. That was 1 & 1/2 miles south of Kingman. Mrs. Anderson was in poor health and Anderson wanted to sell his farm and move to the states.

S.M. Heie bought the homestead and machinery, which consisted of a mower, rake, wagon, and a team of horses. He stayed there that summer and in the fall returned to North Dakota and married Randi Olson, Nov. 9, 1902. In Jan. 1903 they returned to the 1 room cabin on the homestead. S.M. often told how it rained through the whole trip from Wetaskiwin to the farm.

Randi Olson was also born in Flaa, Norway in 1881, one of 8 children. He father was killed when kicked by a horse and her mother was left to raise the family, the youngest being 2 year old twins. When S.M. returned to the U.S. from Norway in 1898 she accompanied the Heie family.

Until 1908, the closest store for food staples and supplies was at Wetaskiwin, a 2 day trip on horses. The post office was at Pretty Hill. The north battleford trail and the telegraph line that followed it, passed just south of the farm. What a thrill it was when the railway was built through the district in 1909. The farmers were paid $6.00 an acre for the right of way through their land.

As prarie fires had burned the large trees in the area, local settlers went to Miquelon Lake area to get timbers for buildings on their farms. The trees had been protected by fire by the lakes. Ole Bjorgum, Mr. Flink and S.M. Heie often went together to get logs. S.M. told of returning home at night and being followed by 3 wolves apparently wanting to attack the horses. He kept them away with his axe for the 8 or 9 mile journey home.

Early settlers came from many countries and this sometimes caused political problems. On one trip to Wetaskiwin, S.M.'s only team of horses broke through the ice of Long lake, which used to be south of the farm between Heie's and Charlie Adamson's. S.M. went to Starcheskis and Mackowskys for help. They knew he needed help but were unable to figure out what the problem was , so they brought pails with them, thinking there was a fire. Carlie Adamson was able to get one of the horses out but the other died of exposure.

Pioneer women were the unsung heroes of the new land. Most waking hours were spent caring for the large families, preparing meals, sewing, mending, doing outside chores, milking cows all done in the most inconveniant and uncomfortable surroundings. One frustrating but funny incedent happened to Randi Heie while in the 2 room log cabin. She had prepared and set out the meal for the threshing crew, a huge cat was in the cellar and pushed the trap door open. The table loaded with food collapsed into the cellar, breaking many dishes and ruining the meal.

In 1912 a large 2 story frame house was built to replace the log cabin. The huge spruce and pine trees on the Heie farm today were obtained from the nursery in Indian Head, Sask. and planted about 1916.

Five children were born, Agnes (Mrs. Ridge Gilpin of Viking), Olaf, of Kingman, Stanley, who died of diptheria in 1920 at age 8, Melvin who died of rheumatic fever at 15 years, and Borghild, (Mrs. Gordon Abel of Calmar). Of all the hardships faced, the most dreaded was of illness when no medical aid was available.

The closest school then was Coal Hill which was 1 & 1/2 miles east of the farm. Children usually walked in warm weather and skied in winter on homemade skis. At school in winter all the ink wells would be frozen and first class of the morning was held around the pot bellied stove. The rest of the family attended school from Sept. to June but Olaf, being the oldest son went from after harvest until field work in the spring. He didn't mind as he liked being outside and working with horses. As was the case for most children, Agnes and Olaf spoke little English when they started school so time was spent learning a new language. What a challange for the teacher, faced with children who spoke Norwegian, Swedish, Polish or Ukranian.

Agnes, Olaf and Borgie attended the Olds school of Agriculture and graduated in 1925, 26 and 36 respectively. Olaf remembers paying $24.00 a month room and board, his landlord econimized by shooting bush rabbits for supper. It seemed they ate rabbit stew all winter.

Randi Heie passed away in 1933. S.M. had always been more a businessman than farmer, so in 1937 moved to Cold Lake to start a summer resort and Olaf took over the farm. S.M was an avid reader and studied a great deal, especially about the financial world. He kept a daily diary and as early as 1907 kept clippings which outlined the laws of the country. In retirement years much time was spent studying the stock market and trading stocks and bonds. He held shares in a large variety of companies, from Canada and U.S. mines, industries and banks, to the Tejon ranch in Argentina. He remained active and alert till his death in 1964 at 92.

Agnes remained at home after attending Olds college until her marriage in 1935 to Ridge Gilpin who is also an Olds graduate. They farmed the Gilpin homestead , started in 1902, 11 miles north of Viking. The farm is now rented out and they have retired to town. They have 2 sons, Courtney and Robert. After 3 years of engineering, Courtney travelled in Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South america, working in many of these countries. He now makes his home in Brisbane, Australia. Robert has a Ph.D. in Engineering and is on staff at the U.of A. He is also involved in solar energy research.

Borghild married Don Lohndorf and had 2 boys. Dennis works as an electrician and Gordon works for Revelstoke lumber. She was a widow for 6 years, then married Gordon Able of Calmar. They now rent a farm and gordon works for Farm Industries in Calmar.

When Olaf began farming in the '30's, there were 4 quarters of land. main crops at the time were oats and wheat. In 1938, Olaf bought a threshing outfit, a 28" machine that could handle 6 bundle teams. A crew of 9 or 10, many of them neighbors, worked to harvest 800 to 1000 acres each fall. The worst part was getting the machine started in the morning when it was covered in frost. There was no antifreeze then and machines were drained in the evening and hot water poured in to the radiator in the morning. Usually there was at least 1 runaway horse each fall. The worst one happened when the shelter they were making for cattle by blowing straw up onto a grove of trees collapsed with a terrific bang. Every team scattered, turning over hayracks and wagon boxes. There was no more threshing done that afternoon. Although it was a time of hard work and long hours, many happy memories were formed then too. Some of the best stories were practical jokes the men played on one another, many which cannot be printed.

In 1939 Olaf married Mary Winquist of the Tofield district. She had emigrated with her parents Elis and Brita Winquist from Hudiksvall, Sweden in 1926. They lived in Benito, Manitoba for 2 years before moving to the Woodlawn district. They have 3 children, Donald, of Kingman, Jeanette (Mrs. Gary Campbell of Edmonton) and Norma (Mrs. George Chalmers of Vancouver).

When Don began school in Kingman in 1946, it wa a 2 story structure on the south side of the road, across from the lutheran Church. Most children walked, rode horse or used a team and buggy to get there. Usually the Heie and Wempe children walked down the railway track, about 1 & 1/2 miles. When a train passed the children ran to the fence, they thought they could be drawn under the wheels. In about 1947 a school bus owned by Mr. Wright ran a short route. It was a small van with no windows, a door at the back and wooden benches down each side. The Heie's didn't begin to ride the bus until a year or two later.

Sports was an important part of the childrens school years. Don participated in many track and field competitions and played baseball and hockey. Most activities took place on Friday afternoons during the school year when the locals would take turns hosting or visiting various ball teams. Skating parties held on Friday nights were one of the most important social activities. Music was provided by theatre projection equipment operated by mr. Wick.

Don graduated from Vermillian school of Agriculture in 1960 and returned to the farm to form a partnership with Olaf. In 1965 the farm was incorporated under the name Heie's farms Ltd. Since that time 5 quarters were added to the original farm and all suitable land is under cultivation. In the 1970's the livestock part of the operation consisted of registered and commercial grains. The main crops now raised are barley, rapeseed, wheat and oats.

Jeanette attended the Misericordia school of Nursing and graduated as an R.N. in 1965. In 1966 she married Gary Campbell of Edmonton. They spent 8 years in Chicago, Ill. and Seattle Washington where Gary was employed in an accounting firm as a computer consultant. They are presently living in Edmonton and Gary is manager of his father's furniture business. They have 3 children, Sherryl, Deanna (twins) and jason.

Norma attended the U. of A. and graduated with a B.Sc. in Nursing in 1969. The same year she married Dr. George Chalmers and spent 2 years instructing nursing in Edmonton and Vancouver. They spent 1 year at a United Mission Hosp. on the Queen Charlotte Islands befor moving to Vancouver. They have 3 children, Cameron, Tracy and Kyle.

After returning to the farm, Don became actively involved in community organizations. He served as leader for the Kingman Cubs and Scouts for about 8 years and for several years on the County Recreation Board. He became interested in flying and got his private pilots licence in 1962. He bought his first airplane and built an airstrip on the farm in 1965. In 1968 he made a trip in the Beech Musketeer to the Bahama Islands and has since made several trips to the states and Mexico.

In 1971, Don married Jean Berry of Central Butte, Sask., who had moved to Camrose in 1968 to work as District Home Economist. They have 2 sons, Nolan and Robert who are now the 4th generation of Heie's to live on the farm.

In 1977 the Olaf Heie family was presented with a family farm award at Klondike Days in Edmonton.

HELGREN, Jonas - by Martha Helgren - Jonas Helgren was born Sept. 9, 1874 and Sigrid (Karlson) Helgren was born Aug.6, 1871 in Jampland, Sweden.

Jonas and Sigrid, Emil, Ole and martha, the 3 oldest children came to Canada from Sweden in 1907. They journied by ship, then proceeded west by immigrant train to Kingman. We were met by my grandparents, the late Mr. & Mrs. Charlie Olson and Dad's uncle Charlie Johnson, with whom he had lived for a time, until my folks filed homestead and built a house. Da and mother settled on land located SW 16-49-20-W4, 1 mile west of Kingman.

Every inch of the land was covered with bush and they started to clear and break up the land. They made their living by milking cows, raising chickens, growing grain and having a garden.Wildlife in the country was abundant. The settlers philosophy then was to leave the doors to their homes unlocked, as a traveller might need shelter and food.

In Apr., 1944, Harold, myself and our parents left the farm home in the Kingman district and moved to Camrose.

There were 4 children in the family, 3 sons and 1 daughter. Emil, born in Sweden, Aug.8, 1896, resided at Bethany Sunset Home, Camrose until his death Mar. 29,1980. Ole, born in Sweden on Jan.9, 1904 is retired and lives in an apartment in Camrose. Martha, born in Sweden on mar.31, 1906 is living in Camrose. Harold, born in Kingman on Aug.4, 1911 resided in Camrose until he passed awy Mar.22, 1978. He is buried in the Camrose cemetery.

Dad, Jonas, died oct. 25, 1948 at age 75. Mother, Sigrid died Mar. 13, 1968 at age 96. Both parents are buried in the Camrose cemetery.

I have 1 daughter, Helen Hovland, the only grandchild of Jonas and Sigrid Helgren.

HENDRICKSON, Jorgine - by Thea Young - My oldest sister, Jorgine Hendrickson was teaching Farmington school in 1918 when the Spanish influenza broke out. Schools were closed and teachers helped nurse the sick, where needed. Miss Hendrickson was nursing at the Rev. Heiner home when she contracted the flu and was taken to Camrose isolation hospital where she died, Nov. 24, 1918. She was buried at Armena, Alberta.

My husband and I used to farm in the Armena, Hay Lakes area, where I taught school and my husband was county councillor for Camrose county. We retired at Summerland, B.C.

HENDRICKSON, Lawrence - The Lawrence Hendrickson family moved to the Kingman district in 1960 to the former Axel Peterson place. Our land was located on SW 26-48-20-4 and we lived there until the spring of 1971 before moving to Kelowna. Lawrence was general manager for Crawford Motors most of the years we were there and farmed with his sons help. He was active in the community and president of Kingman Home and school during 1962 and '63. He was also active in church with Sunday school and was president of the congregation when Bethlehem church burned down. His wife Olga was active in Women's Missionary Federation, was president for 2 years and sang in the choir.

Ronald Hendrickson took his high school in Round Hill, attended college for 1 year then went to Edmonton and graduated with honors in Commerce. He worked for several oil companies before moving to Calgary. He formed a partnership and started Pace Machinery Co., now one of the largest in Calgary. He is married to the former Joan Moseson, they have 2 girls and live in Calgary.

Shirley took her schooling in Kingman and Round Hill before attending Canadian Lutheran Bible school for 2 years. She attended the U. of A. for 2 years then married Bev. Torgerson. They live on an acerage near Leduc and have 3 children.

Jerry attended school in Kingman and Round Hill before attending Camrose Lutheran College and University in Edmonton. He graduated with a Batchelor of Science degree in 1972. He took a year of Bible school in Prince Albert, Sask. then enrolled at Lutheran Theological Seminary and recieved his masters of Divinity degree in 1978. He married June Stoll of Youngstown and is now Pastor in Tuelon, Manitoba where he has 3 congregations in his charge. They have no children.

Eleanor was born in 1964 while we were on the farm in Kingman. She was in gr. 1 when we moved to Kelowna. She attended school there until 1979 when she left for Outlook. Sask. where she attends Lutheran College Bible Institute.

HENRY, Carrie Christina (Pearson)- I was born on May 3, 1913 in Halsingland, Hassola, Sweden and immigrated with my folks to Canada in 1914.

I spent my school days in Dinant, when I started school I could not speak English. When the teacher asked my name, I said "apple". How I remember ! The class roared with laughter, I asked my brother Eric in Swedish, "what did the teacher say?", he was angry at me for asking. I finished my schooling at the Kalowy school and went back to Dinant to work for Mrs. O. Skogman. From there I went to work at the Gust Lindstrand home. When my parents moved to Round Hill I went too and did housework.

On Dec. 24, 1929, I married Louis Henry of Round Hill at the Baptist church parsonage in Camrose. We travelled there by train.

I remember once, a few days before Christmas, we went shopping and bought some lutefisk for Christmas dinner. We put it under my seat, the train was hot and the fish thawed and started to smell. I was so afraid someone would notice it, when Louis went to the smoker car, I had to sit there by myself. We both had a good laugh when we got home. We lived most of our married life in Round Hill where we raised 5 children.

We moved to Camrose in 1950 where we were both employed at Rosehaven. Through transfer, we moved to Bowden where Louis was chief engineer at the Correctional Institution until his passing in Apr. 1962. He is burried in the Round Hill cemetery. I am now retired and live in my mobile home on my son in laws farm south of Red Deer.

Our family : Arnold Eric was born Mar. 23, 1931 and passed away in 1934. Gladys Lillian Ann was born June 11, 1932 at Dodds. She married Nick Kuzyk and they live in Leduc with their 3 children, Gerald, Judith and Wanda. Margaret Orthy was born Nov.13, 1933 at Round Hill. She married Tony Steinerand lives in Camrose. They had 9 children, Randy, Cathy, David, Karen, Susan, Lori, Debbie, Allan and Jayne. Clara Elizabeth Avis was born July 23, 1935 and married Albert Rogoshi. He passed away Oct. 28, 1977. There were no children. Lorraine Hazel was born in Nov. 1940. She married Warden Robinson and lives on a farm at Red Deer. They have 4 children, Jani, Daniel, Ricky and Garry.

HILLMAN, Walter - Mr and Mrs Walter Hillman and 4 children, Melva, Harry, Albert and Joyce arrived in Dinant from Ardrossan and Uncas in May, 1936. Mr. Hillman replaced Mr. Davis as section forman on the C.N.R. line running between Tofield and Camrose. Here, Melva and Albert completed their schooling in the one room schoolhouse with Mr. Percy Simonson as teacher. Harry and Joyce, coming to Dinant as little tots, grew up and attended school here and in Camrose. Our father worked on the railroad until his retirement in Feb. 1958, when he and his wife Agnhild purchased a home in Edmonton and lived there till his sudden passing in June, 1967, while on vacation in England. Mrs. Hillman still resides in Edmonton.

Melva and Torger Rosland were married in 1940 and farmed in the district until 1964 when the farm was sold and they moved to Camrose. Melva worked for many years at the SAAN store and J. Lawrence's in Camrose, retiring in 1976. Their children, Arlene, Allen and Ardith were born and raised in the community. Arlene is married to Carl Staal and have 4 children, Kevin, employed in Camrose, Wayne, Steven and Colleen at home in Camrose.

Allen and his wife Lorraine and daughter Shelley reside in Camrose. Allen is employed by the city in the Public Works Dept.

Ardith is married to Philip Weiss, they live in Tofield. Philip commutes to Edmonton where he works as a welder for an oil field service company. They have 3 children, Sharleen, Shanyn and Shawn, living at home.

Melva, now Mrs. Ray Jornlin, lives in retirement with her husband in Camrose.

Brother Albert joined the armed services in 1941 and spent the next 4 years overseas with the army. Shortly after his discharge he married Mary Skalin of the Kingman district. They moved from Edmonton to Calgary, lived there for a few years, then moved to New Westminster, B.C. Albert is employed as a brakeman for C.N.R. in Vancouver and Mary has a position at a bank in New Westminster. They have 5 children, Redge, living in Vancouver, Doug, in Calgary, Beverly, her husband Julian and 2 children live at 100 Mile House, B.C. and Bruce, the youngest lives in Vancouver.

Brother Harry, after completing his education, worked for Duggan's Foodland in Camrose. In 1950 he joined the R.C.A.F. and spent the following years in training centers across Canada. In 1954 he and Verneal Falkenberg of the district were married and moved from base to base in Canada and Europe, in his position as Communications Officer. He retired in 1979 and they live on the original Hillman homestead east of Sherwood Park. Harry is now employed as foreman for a local construction contractor. They have 3 children, Bruce, attending the U. of A. and Eleanor and Linda, at home.

Sister Joyce, on completion of her schooling in Camrose and Red Deer, entered the Royal Alexandra Hospital School of Nursing. She graduated and recieved her R.N. in June of '56 and married David Oake that year. They moved to Edmonton and lived there till 1976 then moved to an acerage in the Ardrossan district. David is employed in the Public Works Dept. of the city of Edmonton. Joyce is still in nursing at the University Hospital in Edmonton. Their 2 children, Judy, a respiratory Tech. at the Charles Camsell Hosp. lives in Edmonton and David Jr. lives at home and is employed by a local construction company.