The history of this technological revolution began in the early 1960's, at the height of the Cold War. The Department of Defense created ARPA, The Advanced Research Project Association. They approached the Rand Corporation to help with their research. Why create a WWW presence?
The Rand Corporation, a military think tank, was asked to devise a way
for U.S. authorities to maintain communication in the aftermath of a nuclear
attack. At this time, computer communication was only point to point, with
each network link dependent upon the link before it. Paul Baran,
one of the masterminds on the project, conceived of a new way of interconnecting
computers and communicating. He envisioned a fishnet, where information
could flow through any path, rather than point to point. If one section
of the fishnet was destroyed, the remaining pieces would reconstitute themselves
and communication would still find its way through the net. Though the
Department of Defense shelved his idea, this provided the seed for the
growth of the Internet.
1969
Four universities use the ideas of ARPA to create the first hosts of
the ARPANET. (A host is simply a computer hooked up to the Internet.) The
objective was the sharing of research among supercomputers. Stanford
University, UCLA, UC Santa Barbara and the University of Utah are now connected.
Email quickly becomes the most important application.
1971
ARPANET grows to 23 hosts.
1972
InterNetworking Working Group (INWG) sets standards for growing the
network. Vinton Cerf is the first chairman and later becomes known
as the "Father of the Internet".
1973
ARPANET becomes international adding connections to University College
in London, England and The Royal Radar Establishment in Norway.
1976
Queen Elizabeth goes on-line with the first royal e-mail message.
1981
ARPANET has 213 hosts.
1982
The term "Internet" is used for the first time.
1984
The number of Internet hosts exceeds 1000.
1987
The number of Internet hosts exceeds 10,000.
1988
The number of Internet hosts exceed 100,000.
1990
The number of Internet hosts exceed 300,000.
1991
The National Science Foundation (NSF), a Federal agency, lifts the
ban for corporations to use the Internet for commercial traffic. This leads
the way for the age of electronic commerce.
Mark MaCahill releases "gopher". This is the first point and click way to navigate through the files of the Internet. Linkage was through file folders.
Tim Berners-Lee produces the first hypertext code which defines and creates the World Wide Web.
The Internet is made up of computer networks connecting to one another. The World Wide Web is abstract space where people can now connect through documents, pictures, sound or video. This is possible only because of the hypertext code.
1992
The number of Internet hosts exceed 1,000,000.
1994
Pizza Hut accepts orders for mushroom, pepperoni and extra cheese,
over the net. Japan's Prime Minister goes on-line at www.kantei.go.jp.
1995
The Vatican launches www.vatican.va.
1996
150 countries are connected to the Internet.
The number of hosts approaches 10 million. Using the average over the last 4 1/2 years, predictions are there will be 187 million hosts by the end of the decade.
Approximately 40 million individuals and businesses are currently connected to the Internet.
1998
It is estimated that there will be 100 million users by the end of
1998.
For more information click on:
A brief history of the Internet
History of the Internet and Web
Library: History of the Internet: by Scott Saunders
Internet Valley's WWW Links' Community: History of the Internet & WWW
Delphi FAQs:
A Brief History of the Internet