• Mexican Americans: 9.6 %

• Cuban Americans: 9.1 %

• Puerto Rican Americans: 10.9 %

• White Americans: 6.2 %

• American Indians: Ranges from 5 to 50 %

• Japanese Americans: Among second-generation Japanese Americans 45 to 74 years of age residing in King County, WA, 20 % of the men and 16 % of the women had diabetes.

• Direct medicial costs: $45 billion {The figure includes only those costs directly attributable to diabetes. This is in contrast to figures cited elsewhere that estimates all health cares costs incured by people with diabetes, including costs not related to diabetes.}

• Indirect costs: $47 billion {Diasbilty, work loss, premature mortality}

• Based on death certificate data, diabetes contributed to the deaths of more than 169,000 persons in 1992. It is well known that death certificate data under-represent diabetes deaths.

• Diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death listed on U.S. death certificates in 1993, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. It is the sixth leading cause of death by disease.

• Total new cases diagnosed each year: 625,000

• NIDDM: About 595,000 new cases per year.

• IDDM: About 30,000 new cases each year.

• In many patients, oral medications and/or insulin injection are also required for appropriate glucose control.

• Treatment of diabetes is an ongoing process that is planned and regularly reassessed by the health care team, the person with diabetes, and family. Patient and family education are important parts of the process.

• IDDM: By definition, people with IDDM require insulin injections.

• NIDDM: About 40 percent use insulin, 49 percent use oral agents, 10 percent use combinaton of insulin and oral medications.

• Cardiovascular disease is present in 75 % of diabetes-related deaths.

• Middle-aged people with diabetes have death rates twice as high and heart disease death rates about teo to four times as high as middle-aged people without diabetes.

• From 12,000 to 24,000 new cases of blindness per year are caused by diabetic retinopathy.

• 19,000 new cases occurred in 1992 in people with diabetes.

• 56,059 people with diabetes were undergoing dialysis or transplantation treatment in 1992

• Severe form of diabetic nerve disease are a major contributing cause of lower extremity amputations.

• The rate of tooth loss is 15 times higher in Pima Indians with NIDDM, compared to those without diabetes,and the incidence of periodontal disease is 2.6 times higher.

• Occurs in two to five percent of pegnancies, with higher rates in African Americans, Hispanics/Latin Americans, and American Indians {rates in American Indians range from one to 14 percent}.

• Three to five percent of pregnancies in women with diabetes resut in death of the newborn; this compares to a rate of 1.5 percent on women who do not have diabetes.

• Present in about 11 percent of adults. • About 40 to 45 percent of adults or older have either NIDDM or IGT.€ € €

Insulin-Dependent (Type I) Diabetes {Juvenile Diabetes

• Repeated or hard-to-heal infections of the skin, gums, vagina, or bladder.
• Blurred vision.
• Tingling or loss of feeling in he hands or feet.
• Dry, itchy skin.