Developing stone and bone tools along with invention
to create Fire contributed transforming human behaviour and brain development;
evolved early ancestors wander in grass lands from one place to another, Changed
eating habits from mere vegetation to flesh developed hunting technique. Fire
gave great
cooked food improved social behaviour. First race believed to have moved some
millions years ago from Africa “Homo Erectus”
were not fully evolved to be as our ancestors, yet was initial stage human race
migrated and settled down in Asia and other parts of the world. Homo Erectus had ability of social
living and making tools from stone and bone. Homo erectus managed to survive
and occupy most part of Asia, but 74000 years ago Mount Toba super Volcano
erupted. 2nd kind of human race,
some hundred thousands of years back during ice age Moved
from Africa were Neanderthals, that
followed by later generation of human species “Homo
Sepians” nearly 62000
years back. Age of early
Human migration
is derived from the studies conducted on fossils found in different conditions, results differed from individual to
individual researcher and archaeologist. BBC news coverage
points modern humans made tools were discovered in Arabian Peninsula were
125000 year old. It was not mass departure rather moved
cautiously selecting areas where could feed and get security. Pattern of
Neanderthals migration was different from all other ancient races as most fossils
were discovered in Europe and some parts of America. The
theory of Neanderthals did not have
ability to think is something strange, may be they did not have calibre enough
to imagine as homo sepians did, they developed fire, tools, and wore skins to
protect from ice age cold, and ornaments (discovered
in caves of France) clearly indicate as how they managed to use available
resources. Nearly 5’ 3” were robust and strong well
adapted to ice age. Well adapted to
the environment, brain and the body shaped accordingly. These Robust and strong
folks generally didn’t have to exercise brain much, the possibility could be
had no competition or least. Human Genes evolve to modify to fit to survive, but
takes years or even generations. Hand images were
created by Neanderthals of 2 patterns, hand
block printing and hand
impression mouth blow spray, in the rocks and caves of Argentina,
Borneo,
Spain,
signifies their existence in Europe, Asia and America. The genes react with us to our environment and
understand by receiving signals when we experience and deal with. However,
Genes have the limitation too. Neanderthals were unprepared for fast melting
ice creating heat, changing environment inflicted mass riddance and remaining
had to compete with better equipped.
Homo Sepians took centuries or millenniums to
reach icy Europe and America, as people did not migrate just for exploring or
wandering, rather, competition, natural mishaps, overpopulation and social conflicts
pushed them follow tracks of animals and rivers. These Neanderthals and Homo
sepians intellectually and physically were different; Homo Sepians were more
advanced breed with better tools and intellect, were no match to Neanderthals. The
story says Men were killed and women were
abducted for sexual contact. This does not mean that all the Neanderthals
vanished as a result of belligerence, many of them survived side by side of
Homo Sepians and some were winners in survival war. They together had to reach
agreement to survive side by side. The interbreeding gave birth to mix
race of Neanderthal and Homo sepians.
They succeeded where did
not have competition
resulted evolving social living and culture. The Aborigines are the living example of Neanderthal
or mix; still survive in many parts of Indian Ocean, Europe and America. The
evident example is web link has DNA
test result of Australian Aborigines (Godandscience.org).
Homo sapiens were not in same primitive stage
as their ancestors Homo erectus or Neanderthals; they got enough time to evolve
the living pattern which developed the culture. During this time the social
structure and the group
leaders had existed in Africa that improved communication pattern. Most likely,
new inventions of survival such
as spiritual
practices, arts and crafts, Ancient caves
and stone age
dwelling system (museumkiev.org)
developed technology to hunt,
Blombos cave arts & fashion,
storing drinking water (Ostrich
shell) and build small yacht, were brought together when migrated. (New
evidence for mankind’s earliest migration – Homo sepians made attempts to
move out of Africa around some 120000 years ago but pushed back by an
inhospitable climate and competition). Moved
from Africa to Arabian Peninsula then to North and South India and then to
other parts of the world (as indicated in the link). An article by
David Braun of National Geographic explains first migration was to Arabian
Peninsula then to Ancient India. (Here is the map from Monash University
Australia to analyse the sea level and coast line change overtime).The Red sea in North was
wide enough to prevent crossing, rather, they learnt from noticing their
ancestors migrating or the migratory grazing animals. The natural instinct
persuaded to evade barren and Icy regions, had to step back if at all reached,
as was suicidal. Criterion for migration was drinking water, vegetation and
meat; rivers directed them to sea as well as mountains.
They followed the routes through Djibouti
connecting Bab el-Mandeb was the shortest distance from (Africa
to Southern Arabia) Yemen,
Oman,
UAE
. (An article in PLOS
ONE – Hominin dispersal into the Nefud desert and Middle Palaeolithic
settlement along the Jubbah Palaeolake, examines the adaptability and
atmospheric condition in Arabian Peninsula). If Arabian Peninsula had inhospitable
condition none could have settled rather moved towards moisturised areas. Arabian
Peninsula was rich green had easy accessibility to arrivals. (“Ancient Arabia (article
by Jona Lendering”. “History
of Saudi Arabia (Saudi Embassy net) – The first concrete evidence of human
presence in the Arabian Peninsula dates back 15000 to 20000 years. Brands of
hunter-gathers roamed the land, living off wild animals and plant. As the
European ice cap melted during the last Ice Age, some 15000 years ago, the
climate in peninsula became dry”. “Arabian
desert (Britannica.com) – Humans have inhabited the Arabian Desert since early Pleistocene about
2.6 million years ago. Remains of cultures from the past 3000 years occur in
many parts of peninsula”. Temperature changes
during the past 18000 years since 2005 (Caculty.ucr.edu) - 16000BC Climate began to warm. Habitants
learned surviving settled in desert later became “Bedouin
tribes”, inhabitation extending from Arabian Peninsula, Egypt, Mesopotamia,
Syria to all over Arab).
Even during occupation of Arabian Peninsula,
this race continued moving forward towards Indian continent. Fossils and basic stone
tools were discovered does not display the evolutionary achievements of this race
as Homo eructs too had developed hunting tools millions of years ago. However, many
articles excavated authenticate the advancement of this race, such as spiritual
practices, arts and crafts, stone age dwelling
system, sculpture,
rock painting,
Venus de Tan-Tan, Bone
and Ostrich shell innovations. Archaeologist Jeffrey Rose of the University
of Birmingham with his team gathered more than 800 artifacts for ancient river
beds in Dhofar Mountains of Southern Oman. (Dr Michael
Petraglia of Oxford University in research report explains that more likely
human migrated by land than in boats. Where there are deserts today, there used
to be lakes and rivers and there was abundance of plants and animals). They
occupied most of Arabian Peninsula survived for tens of thousands of years
until inhospitable climate forced them to migrate further. On arrival faced
other races “Homo Erectus” and “Neanderthals” close to
them but with different physic and intellect. Volcanic eruption and
environmental shift subsided population and food source wrecked earlier
migrated races, could not maintain territorial dominance for long. Initially
both clashed but soon unified and shared ideas and intelligence, rather
interbred. Over the time Homo Sepians succeeded growing their population to
dominate others in the races.
The
evidences point to an early human migration through Middle East and into India
(national Geography). The surrounding environment and resources evolved and
transformed social living, culture, language, Tools and construction. From Gurjar
Rashtra extending further North,
West, East and South exchanged evolutionary achievements through interbreeding;
conflicts among groups and incursion for dominance were normal practice. The
Competition for resources, ideology differences, and sexual contact with women
and dominance were the major reasons for conflicts. First habitation in Asian region’s present
name is Gujarat and surroundings or “Gurjar
Rashtra”. The habitants named
“Gujars” (Guran + Jar = Enemy Vanishing tribes migrated during 7-8th
century into India were cow, sheep breeders and fishing). Migrations kept flowing
from Gurjar Rashtra to
further North, East, West and South. Each migrating region gave experience and
confidence to colonize new regions. Settling and exploring lands of rich
resources evolved mankind. As the populations grew need for more resources
became priority pushed them to spread wide over all the river belts, fertile
lands and widened to now name Sri Lanka and Australia,
opening gateway to most of islands. 10s of thousand years could have taken to
spread world over.
Some
50000 years ago sea rose 100 meter high (MAP)
resulting mass devastation of population and their belongings. Drove extensive
exodus to safe places,
affected inhabitants moved systematically to further north, West and east
covering the Entire world, similarly from other parts of the world too migrated
to this world, exchanged culture and experience. These influx and out-flux of
inhabitants
evolved mix culture and brought and gave new ideas. . During 30000-40000 BC
resemblance of cave arts in Africa, France, Spain, India,
signifies similarity of homo sepians behaviour. Over the ages art and skill evolved
to Bow
and Arrow, geometrical,
dancing,
birds,
cow, horse
riding, bull
riding. During this time human began to realize to raise animals for milk
and meat. Tribes were divided into small
groups mainly family (family and relatives who had the same ideology) members
maintaining own identities and deities
(pictures of Dravidian Tribes of Chhattisgarh). Superior groups gained
control over other small groups and “Mupar” or “Mupan” the aged head of
superior groups became ruler and their deity became head of all Gods and
Goddesses. They believed in spirits,
sacrifices, and worshiped main Deity “Kula Devi” (“Amma” “Ma” Goddess of the
group who protects) “Mother Goddess”. The mother, grandmother, grand
to grandmother
or eldest, whoever was senior most became most respectful. Females had internal
home responsibilities so had more attachments with kids got love, comfort and
protection. Happens even in present life as mother is the best friend and involved
more than others in day to day family life, kids remember and tribute for rest
of the life. Mother can go to extreme
extent for protecting her children; this significance enrolled mother in the
group as Goddess. We can observe that wherever and whichever region first
cultural people migrated or had direct or indirect influence, Mother Goddess became
most auspicious of all Gods. View
pictures of Mother Goddesses: Indus
Valley, Mesopotamia,
Egypt,
Persia,
Minoan,
Mycenaeans, Athens, Chinese, Mesoamerica, and
Romans. Similarly, sacred
bull or ox too marked spiritual symbols in all the civilizations. Sacrifice
too was part of spiritual activity throughout the civilizations.
