Oliver's Site

13. Rome ( - A. D. 275)














Table of Contents | 1. Earth | 2. The Origin of Life and Evolution of Man | 3. Civilisation | 4. Fertile Crescent | 5. Egypt | 6. Indus Valley | 7. Yellow River (Haung He/Huang Ho) | 8. Hittites, Canaanites, Phoenicians, Assyrians | 9. New World (B. C./Pre-Columban) | 10. Greeks and Persians | 11. Rome ( - B. C. - A. D. 96) | 12. The Messiah/Christus, Jesus, James, Simon/Peter, Saul/Paul | 13. Rome ( - A. D. 275) | 14. Rome and Byzantium (Nova Roma) | 15. Islam | 16. Charlemagne | 17. Vikings | 18. Turks, Crusaders, Mongols, Moors, Explorers and Conquistadors | 19. Reformation, Enlightenment (1300s -1700s) | 20. Mid-1700s - early 1900s | 21. The Great War | 22. Inter-War Years | 23. The War in Europe and Africa | 24. Second World War | 25. War in the Pacific | 26. Defeating the Axis in Europe and Africa | 27. End of Japanese Imperialism | 28. Ending the War | 29. Conquest of Space | 30. Averting Nuclear War | 31. End of Empire | 32. Man on the Moon | 33. Arms Race and Limitation | 34. Lifting the Iron Curtain | 35. The 21st Century | 36. Outer Space | 37. | 42.





Continued from previous page, 12. Saul of Tarsus

 
 
 
 

The Roman Empire at its height

A. D. 96  -  A. D. 192

 

The Nerva – Antonine Dynasty

Seven emperors

 

The "adoptive emperors"

or "five good emperors": 

Nerva

Trajan

Hadrian

Antoninus Pius

Marcus Aurelius

 

Nerva AD 96 - AD 98 (adopted Trajan)

Trajan 98 - 117 (adopted Hadrian)

Hadrian 117 - 138 (adopted Antoninus Pius)

 

The Antonine Dynasty 138 - 192

Antoninus Pius 138 - 161 (adopted Marcus Aurelius)

Marcus Aurelius 161 - 180 and Lucius Verus 161 - 169 

Commodus 180 - 192 (son of Marcus Aurelius)

 

 

                      --------------

 

 

Nerva

R. AD 96 - AD 98


Nerva 

 

Nerva

From the series Roman Emperors

Murdoch

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qH5Nb4kh40I

 

Emperor Nerva

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXNyEynzP-E

 

Nerva

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKBFGCVq4EE

 

Pax Augusta

 

Nerva & Trajan

Lecture # 20 of the course Emperors of Rome by Garrett Fagan (The Great Courses)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNDoslUzN_Q 

 

              -----------

 

Trajan

 

R. AD 98 - AD 117

 

 

Trajan: marble portrait bust

Marcus Ulpius Traianus, born in Spain,

AD 53; adopted by the emperor Nerva;

emperor from AD 98 - AD 117; first emperor

born outside Italy; adopted Hadrian 

 

 

 

Trajan in Rome and in the East

 

Lecture # 21 of the course Emperors of Rome by Garrett Fagan

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2TP-bnXUo8I 

 


 

 

Trajan's Column, Rome

 

 

Conquest of Dacia 

 

Episode # 6 of the documentary series Rome: Rise and Fall of an Empire

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wtiwv4AmNRI&feature=related

 

 


 

             PAX ROMANA  A. D. 117 

    Rome at is greatest territorial extent

 

 

 

 

Rome at its greatest height under Trajan

 

Episode # 2 of the documentary series Rome Revealed

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9MD9Xje2TJI&feature=fvwrel

 

 

 

The Mother of All Forums

 

Civic Architecture in Rome under Trajan

 

Lecture # 14 by Diana Kleiner from the course Roman Architecture at Yale U. in the Spring of 2009

 

1. Trajan expands the empire and initiates public architecture in Rome
2. The Baths of Trajan
3. The Forum of Trajan
4. The Basilica Ulpia
5. The Column of Trajan
6. The Markets of Trajan and the succession of Hadrian

 

You Tube:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Nr5zyiiqAc&feature=relmfu

Yale U.:

http://oyc.yale.edu/history-art/hsar-252/lecture-14

 

Transcript:

 

http://oyc.yale.edu/transcript/395/hsar-252

 

 


 

 

--------------------

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

Hadrian

 

 

R.  AD 117  -   AD 138

 

 

Hadrian

 

 

Hadrian's Wall, British Isles

 

 

Hadrian's Pantheon and Tivoli Retreat

Lecture by Diana Kleiner 

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4-7bjljoMs

 

 

 

Hadrian's Wall

 

Documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uUNk3qQTJ1Q

 

 

Hadrian's Wall

 

Discussion on BBC's In Our Time with Melvyn Bragg, July 12, 2012

 

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/player/b01kkr42

 

 

Ostia

Port of Rome

 

                Ostia

 

 

Ostia Antca, port built by Hadrian, and Portus, built

earlier by Cladius

 

 

There is a long video about Ostia with Leonard Nimoy. Where is it? 

 

 

 

Excerpts from a BBC documentary with Dan Snow

 

Roman graffiti in Egypt

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzIKrzdNEMs&feature=relmfu

 

Hadrian's North African Walls

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfV2kfMas9M&feature=relmfu

 

Hadrian and Antinous

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wmj1aumUdmE&feature=relmfu

 

Hadrian in Judea

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mj3rrRWDls&feature=relmfu

 

Hadrian in Jerusalem

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inQt4u2EauI&feature=relmfu

 

Hadrian's Mausoleum

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Fu5FCm6xuo&feature=relmfu

 

 

 

 

 

--------------------------

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Plutarch

 

AD 46 - AD 119-127

 

           Plutarch

 

 

Life of Plutarch

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyq0og75kHw

 

 

Plutarch

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMWxhXsFQNs&feature=related

 

 

 

 

------------------


 

 

 

 

The Antonines

 

138  -  192

 

Four emperors:

 

Antoninus Pius

Marcus Aurelius

Lucius Verus

Commodus

 

 

 

Antoninus Pius

 

r. 138 - 161

 

 Antoninus Pius

 

 

 

Emperors of Rome:

Antoninus Pius

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otQMpQNKWlA&feature=related

 

 

 

The Limes (of Germany)

 

 

The Limes in Germany

 

Documentary about the wall from the Rhine to the Danube

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OAEI1WRns8&feature=relmfu

 

 

Der Limes 

 

Two-part documentary

 

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=opqzPJSYFSs&NR=1

 

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2z82TxMylyE&feature=relmfu

 

 

 

The Antonine Wall in Scotland 

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4yvY4mdHBc&feature=related

 

 


 

 

 

The walls and limes built by the Roman Empire  

Author: Daniel Adams

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-------------------



Suetonius


c. 69 – c. 122 + 

 

 

 Image result for suetonius

 


 Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus

 

 

 

 De Vita Caesarum (The Twelve Caesars)

The Lives of the Twelve Caesars

A. D. 119

Julius Caesar  -  Augustus  -  Tiberius  -  Caligula  -  Claudius  -  Nero  -  Galba  -  Otho  -   Vitellius  -  Vespasian  -  Titus  -  Domitian

Full Audiobook

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8mI9x0U588Q 

 

 
---------------

 

 

 

 

 

Ptolemy

 

ca. AD 90 – ca. AD 168

 

Claudius Ptolemaeus of Alexandria,

mathematician, astronomer, geographer,

astrologer and poet; author of the

Almagest and the Geographia (1898

engraving).

 

 

 

Ptolemy

 

Upload by a blogger

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bi6OGD9xyc0

 

 

8th grade science class

 

Ptolemy

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=on3LCB4C52w

 

 

Ptolemy's universe model

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=utH-GHH1FT8

 

 

Ptolemy's model of the universe

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpSy0Lkm3zM

 

 

Ptolemy's theorem

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ejnc49yNXfQ

 


 

                                -----------------

 

 

 

Ptolemy's Geographica

 

 

Map of the world prepared ca. 1480 from details in

Ptolemy's Geographia (ca. A. D. 150).

 

 

 

All the World's Knowledge

 

Geography and Literature in Late Antiquity

 

Lecture by Scott Johnson about maps 

 

Library of Congress

 

June 9, 2011

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5kbLPwJA1Io

 

 

 

 

 

----------------

 

 

 

 

 

Marcus Aurelius 

 

r. AD 161 - AD 180

 

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus

Augustus, emperor from 161 to 180



 

Replica of bronze equestrian statue of

Marcus Aurelius in Rome, long thought

by later Romans to have been the  

emperor Constantine.

 

 

 

Marcus Aurelius

 

Episode # 7 of the documentary series Rome: Rise and Fall of an Empire 


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdvWomrp0-Y

 

 

 

Lecture by Rufus Fears

(Removed from You Tube)

 

The Fall of the Roman Empire

 

Portayal by Alec Guiness in 1960 movie 

 

Excerpt

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-pXYCV8xkc

 

Entire film

 

With Christopher Plummer as Commodus:

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jv6YwLpy6G4

 

 

 

Portrayal by Richard Harris in Gladiator (2000)

 

Excerpt:

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFHjOWLS72Q

 

 

 

Ancient Emperors - The Good, the Bad and the Crazy 

 

Lecture # 30 by Gregory Aldrete from the course History of the Ancient World (Removed from You Tube)

 

On the Roman emperors from Augustus to Septimius Severus

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lETvFU2CbY&feature=relmfu

 

 

 

Commodus

 

r. 180 - 192

 

Portrait of Commodus  


Commodus

 

 

 

 

 

-------------------

 

 

 

 

Year of the Five Emperors  -  193

 

 

 

-------------------

 

 

 

 

The Severan Dynasty 


193 - 238

 

 

Septemius Severus 193 - 211

 

Caracalla (son of Severus) 211 - 217

 

Geta (son of Severus) 211

 

Macrinus 217 - 218

 

Elagabalus (adopted Alexander Severus) 218 - 222

 

Alexander Severus 222 - 235 

 

 

 

                  ------ 

 

 

Severus

 

r. 193 to 211


 

Lucius Septimius Severus Augustus (145 – 211)

(r. 193 to 211)

 

 

 

 

 

---------------

 

 

 

 

Caracalla

 

R. 198  -  217


 

Born Lucius Septimius Bassianus; Caracalla was a nickname; died Caesar Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus Pius Augustus (188 - 217), Roman emperor (198 to 217); extended Roman citizenship to all free men in the empire and the rights of Roman women to all women in the empire

 

  

The Mystery of the Headless Romans

 

Episode from the documentary series Timewatch

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4rhLlzmUTkc

 

 

 

---------------

 

 

 

Cassius Dio

 

ca. 150 – 235

 

photo

 

Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus of Nicaea

Historia Romana

 

 

 

 

                  -------------

 

 

 

 

The Time of Chaos

 

Crisis of the Third Century

 

235 - 284

 

 

 

Barbarians, Christians, Plague

 

Episode # 8 of the documentary series Rome: Rise and Fall of an Empire

 

Civil unrest, the Goths, Christianity and plague shake the empire in the late 3rd century   -   

 

Emperors Philip, a Christian, and Decius, a pagan  

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSaayCKM_ZI

 

 

 

Collapse of the Severan dynasty

 

Barbarian coalitions

 

Civil unrest

 

Maximinus Thrax

 

Philip the Arab

 

Decius


     Persecution of Christians

 

Gallus

 

Valerian and Galienus

 

     East and West  

 

     Shapur I of Persia

 

Galienus

 

The Empire of the Gallic Provinces

 

     Posthumus

 

Palmyra

 

     Odenathus and Zenobia

 

Claudius II

 

Aurelian

 

 

 

 

----------------------

 

 

 

 

Aurelian

 

R. 270 - 275

 

 

 

Lucius Domitius Aurelianus Augustus (214/5 - 275), Restorer of the World; defeated the Juthungi, Sarmatians, Carpi, Vandals, Alamanni, Visigoths, Palmyrenes and Persians. He conquered the Gallic Empire. He reunited the Roman Empire and ended the Crisis of the Third Century. He built the Aurelian Wall around Rome. Made sun worship prominent. 

 

 

Aurelian, the Soldiers’ Emperor 

 

Episode # 9 of the documentary series Rome: Rise and Fall of an Empire

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TxD-vOZGbuA

 

Roman Emperor Aurelian

A. D. 270 - 275

Biography and Ancient Coins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u85hrHwPF8w


Aurelian and the Alemanni

Comments based on Gibbon's account

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bulg3LMGHg

 

Restoration of Order   

Lecture by Garrett Fagan from the course  Emperors of Rome from the Great Courses

Includes discussion of Aurelian and Diocletian

(Removed from You Tube)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PDNa5Y1CJw&feature=relmfu 


 

Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra by Wildweasel339

Modern painting of Queen Zenobia of Palmyra


Map/Still:Palmyra, Syria.

Palmyra is an oasis on an important caravan trade route in the Syrian Desert, half-way between the Mediterranean Sea and the Eurphrates River. It became a Roman colony in the first century A. D.



Related image

Sculpture of Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra by Harriet Hosmer (1857)


Queen Zenobia Addressing Her Soldiers by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo

Queen Zenobia addressing her soldiers painted by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo  (1725–1730)



Coin with Zenobia


Plamyrene Empire (260 - 272); Gallic Empire (260 - 274)


Queen Zenobia's Last Look Upon Palmyra, painted by Herbert Gustave Schmalz (1856 - 1935)

 

Queen Zenobia

Discussion on the weekly BBC radio program In Our Time hosted by Melvyn Bragg (May 30, 2013)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01snjpp

Also on You Tube:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bOE0AaY13Xc

 

Zenobia

Comments based on Gibbon's account

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQKb4VV4lIA

 

Zenobia, Reina de Palmira

Eva Tobalina

SALA LUIS DE AJURIA - VITORIA GASTEIZ

05/11/2014

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlU6Q7S6HdA

 

Zenobia

A musical play by Mansour Rahbani (2007)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Egp9C-mI05k

 

Aureliano in Palmira

Opera by Gioachino Rossini (1813)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grtngJLzxw8

 

Palmyra

UNESCO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3btW2VCRK7E

 

Palmyra

Vacation Travel Video Guide

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuzKRkpXmV

 

Triumph of Aurelian

Comments based on Gibbon's account

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTyRy8OdTOA 


 

Gallic Empire

     Posthumus

 


Aurelian Wall


              Aurelian Wall



 

Rome and the Aurelian Wall (compared with earlier Servian wall)

 

 


Rome Redux:


The Tetrarchic Renaissance

 

Lecture # 22 by Diana Kleiner from the course Roman Architecture (HSAR 252), Yale University, Spring 2009

 

1. Crisis in the Third Century and the Aurelian Walls
2. The Rise of the Tetrarchy
3. The Decennial or Five-Column Monument in the Roman Forum
4. The Senate House or
Curia Julia
5. The Baths of Diocletian
6. The Palace of Diocletian at Split
7. Tetrarchic Palaces Around the Empire
 

You Tube:

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3FFDOUytPs

 

Yale U:

 

http://oyc.yale.edu/history-art/hsar-252/lecture-22#transcript

 

Transcript: 

 

http://oyc.yale.edu/transcript/404/hsar-252

 

 

 

Le Mura Aureliane:

 

Storia nel Caotico Traffico di Roma

 

ARCHITETTURA (2014)

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FIY7fzzAsso

 

 

 

Aurelian Wall

 

Ancient Rome Live

 

American Institute for Roman Culture

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cc_gqKWBNI

 

 

 

 

 

-----------------

 

 

Plotinus

c. 204/5 – 270

Image result for Plotinus

Plotinus (ca. 204/5 – 270), philosopher from Egypt

 

Plotinus

A reading of Bertrand Russell's A History of Western Philosophy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzPOL1CsWcI

or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moQOgWjVt0s

 

Neoplatonism

Discussion of Plotinus and Neoplatonism on the weekly Thursday BBC radio programme In Our Time hosted by  Melvyn Bragg

19 April 2012

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01g62w1

 

 


------------

 

 

Rome

Episode from the documentary series Engineering an Empire

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1kv5UgGHrbc

Or in two parts:

Part 1.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae0IgOgBJEI

Part 2.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oq4ErWWUNtk

 

 

-----------------

 


All roads lead to Rome.

Via Appia / The Appian Way

 

Roman Roads

Paths to Empire

Episode from the 1997 documentary series In Search of History

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-dKhm-hK74

or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLQRYFEEwyY

or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mbYVAS1LElQ

 

Appian Way, Rome

Upload by WorldSiteGuides

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LkIMjtfAj1s

 

The Roman War Machine

Documentary

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvGqux1_wPE

 

 

----------------------

 

 

Rome

Episode 2 of 2 of the BBC documentary series Building the Ancient City: Athens and Rome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfwBBB8YOvk

or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6BnHkciV_Y

 

 

------------------------

 

 

Birth of Rome

The First Metropolitan City

Documentary about construction in Rome from its beginning to its end from the series When Rome Ruled

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMRydOiDdP8

 

 

------------------

 

 

Imperial Stone - The Art of Rome

 

Episode # 2 from the documentary series Art of the Western World with Michael Wood (1989)

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKNM8QhPQ0g

 

 

----------

 

 

Incredible Monuments of Rome

Episode about Roman history and monuments from the Ancient Mysteries documentary series with Leonard Nimoy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-OEkWrm5Do

 

 

 

 

 

---------------

 

 


Digging History

American Institute for Roman Culture

Episode 4. The Ancient Metropolis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYFNMHMpXVU

Episode 5. The Layers of Rome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blMNDQsXFXY

Episode 6. Destroying Rome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7xUoNZbsWQ

Episdoe 7. The Architecture and Engineering of Rome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlP0VKRrhYI

 

 

 

 

------------

 

 

Seven Wonders of Ancient Rome

Documentary about seven Roman monuments

The Pantheon, Aqueducts, Via Appia, Baths of Caracalla, Trajan's Markets, Circus Maximus and Colosseum

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCRASTfuSlc

or

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaOVn3VtA0I

 

 

 

-------------

 

 

Roman City

PBS documentary with David Macaulay

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K7Yds8bWz4

 

 

--------------

 

 

Meet the Romans

2012 BBC documentary with Mary Beard

For details see:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01gknyq/episodes/guide

Three episodes

1. All Roads Lead to Rome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rggk_H3jEgw

2. Street Life

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JFw8M4PBUI

3. Behind Closed Doors

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1UvG0LDeYBA

 

Mary Beard's Ultimate Rome

Empire Without Limit

2016 BBC documentary

For details see:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0797yqk 

Four episodes

1. On the myths and legends of the origins of Rome

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKy6UzGNeTc

2. On the world of the Romans

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QkugXWGmefw

3. On identity and citizenship in the Roman Empire

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztMrPvYANSc

4. On the fall of the Roman Empire

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WN9wgJ6STVs

 

 

---------------------

 

 

Rome and the Christians

Two lectures by Eugen Weber of UCLA from the 1986 course The Western Tradition

11. Early Christianity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8PgNSCETLo&feature=related 

12. The Rise of the Church

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhQcueQi57A

 

Later Roman Empire

Crisis and Christianity

Lecture by Gregory Andrete, # 40 of History of the Ancient World 

(Removed from You Tube)

 

Rome: A History of the Eternal City

2012 BBC documentary series Simon Sebag Montefiore

Three episodes

1. City of the Sacred

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7CmaEuvwjU

2. Divine Gamble

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbl9rrknbko

3. The Rebirth of God's City

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOoEtaVrzps

 

 

-------------------


Image result for a timeline of church history (chart) - the third century AD (200 - 300)"


Church History

From AD 33 to the Present

(2:11:24)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFIXMM1KWyc


 
 
The History of Christian Thought and Practice 1
 
Lectures by Jim Papandrea
 
Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary, Evanston, Illinois (2012) 
 
Lecture 1. The Apostolic Age
 
 
 
Lecture 2. The Sub-Apostolic Age
 
 
 
Lecture 3. The Second Century  -  Trinitarian/Christological Debates
 
 
 
Lecture 4. The Apologists
 


Lecture 5. The New Testament and Patristic Exegesis
 
 
 
Lecture 6. The First Theologians: Irenaeus and Tertullian
 
 
 
Lecture 7. The Third Century Trinitarian/Christological Debates
 
 
 
Lecture 8. Hippolytus and Novatian 
 
 
 
Lecture 9. The Episcopacy and Montanism
 
 
 
Lecture 10. Persecution and the Controversies over the Lapsed and Baptism
 
 
 
This is page 13. Links to lectures 11 - 14 on the next page, 14. Rome and Byzantium 
 



Image result for a timeline of church history"

Image result for a timeline of church history"





 



 
--
 
















Continue to next page, 14. Rome and Byzantium (Nova Roma)
















 
 
 
 
 
 
Kindly direct comments and questions about this website or its contents to the webmaster. Please use the message sending facility on the home page (table of contents).