Posted - 08/10/2001
Planning agencies in the Washington area are being offered the opportunity to participate in a training and exchange fellowship program between APA and Senior Chinese Planners. At the request of Jiangsu Province Governor Li Yuan Chao, APA has entered into a training and exchange cooperative agreement with this province adjacent to Shanghai. The agreement calls for APA to provide a variety of training and exchange opportunities for Jiangsu leaders and senior planners.
One type of experience will provide the fellows in depth training in the United States for a period of 6 months. The first months of that time would be spent in intensive English language training to supplement their existing English capability and seminars on planning in America conducted in Washington DC. Following that, the planners will be placed in planning agency offices for a four-month fellowship. They are funded for their living expenses, local transportation, and incidentals. There is no out of pocket expense for the sponsoring agency or firm and the fellows are expected to contribute as regular staff. APA is arranging for appropriate visas as well.
As a local host, you would provide assignments and opportunities for the Chinese fellows to learn the American planning process first-hand. They would be expected to work alongside an assigned partner in completing work projects, getting into the details as part of your own staff. In addition, as any senior staff person would, they should attend public meetings and attend presentations and other events to give them a wide exposure to the day-to-day work of a busy planning agency in this country.
This is an opportunity to provide an exciting and valuable exchange experience
for both our Chinese fellows and your staff as you use this new insight and talent to assist you in one or two local projects. Check the NCAC Website for additional information on this program, or contact APA Policy Director Jeff Soule, FAICP at (202) 872-0611.
The justices will decide whether cities must pay damages for blocking expansion of wireless phone networks.
The Supreme Court recently debated
the nuisance of cellphones, not their irritating habit of ringing at the wrong time, but rather the need for tens of thousands of towers to transmit their signals.
In the last decade, 140,000 cell towers
have sprouted up around the nation, the cell phone industry says, and more are needed to eliminate "dead spots." But in many cities, officials contend the towers are unsightly. And, on occasion, officials have blocked wireless phone companies from erecting more towers.
The high court took up a case from Rancho Palos Verdes, California to decide
whether cities can be sued in federal court and forced to pay damages if they stand in the way of creating a wireless phone network. The outcome of the legal battle could affect communities across the nation. The court’s decision would give either city officials or wireless companies the upper hand in disputes over the building and location of towers.
The National League of Cities and the League of California Cities, as well as lawyers for Los Angeles, San Diego and San Francisco, were among those who urged the justices to block damage suits. They said they feared cities could face millions of dollars in damages if they refused a company’s bid to build a cell tower. Moreover, the potential for a crippling verdict could force city officials to automatically approve requests for new cell phone towers, they said.
However, lawyers for the cell phone industry told the court that Congress’ goal of creating a national cell phone network could not be achieved if local officials could use their zoning power to block new towers. Last year, the cell phone industry won an important victory in the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals. It ruled that under long-standing principles
of civil rights law, persons are free to sue for damages if the government violates their rights. And the Telecommunications
Act of 1996 gave providers of wireless phone service a right to build their networks, the appeals court said.
The lawyer who defended Rancho Palos Verdes said wireless phone companies could challenge the zoning board's decision in court, but they should not be able to sue for damages and legal fees. “Very few municipalities could afford to enforce their own zoning laws” if they were subject later to suits for damages, attorney Jeffrey A. Lamken argued.
A Bush administration lawyer joined the case on the city's side, arguing that Congress did not intend to authorize money suits over these zoning disputes. None of the justices spoke up to take the side of those arguing for open-ended lawsuits.
Courtesy: Los Angeles Times
The Prince George's County Council - sitting as the District Council - and the Prince George's County Planning Board, M-NCPPC, jointly conducted a public hearing on the County's Preliminary General Plan on March 26, 2002, at the County Administration Building in Upper Marlboro. Over 100 citizens and groups signed up to testify and approximately 71 actually did so. An overflow audience attended the hearing in the first floor County Council chambers.
The Preliminary General Plan represents the culmination of a five year effort dating back to a decision by the County Council to convene an advisory citizen's panel - Commission 2000 - to recommend growth and growth management policies and priorities to take the County into the first part of the 21st Century. Commission 2000 recommended, among other things, creation of a series of Biennial Growth Policies, to be reviewed and revised every 21-24 months, to better time, site and plan desired residential, office and commercial development - as well as environmental and natural resource conservation and protection policies - throughout the County.
Commission 2000 also strongly urged the County Council to comprehensively update the County General Plan which will be 20 years old this summer. The County Council directed the Prince George's Planning Department, M-NCPPC, to update the General Plan, but to do so in the comparatively short time period of 30 months. The Preliminary General Plan that was the subject of the March 26th public hearing is the result of that effort.
The proposed new General Plan fleshes out the new "policy geography" that will guide growth - and growth management policy - in the County for the next 20 to 25 years. The County has been divided into three growth policy tiers: Developed (largely the County inside the Capital Beltway); Developing (the County between the Beltway and US301); and Rural (the rural, agricultural and less developed outermost southern and eastern sections of the County.) Growth is to be encouraged and concentrated in the Developed Tier; managed and sited at growth policy centers and in growth corridors inside the Developing Tier; and strictly limited or actively discouraged in the Rural Tier.
Another core policy of both the Biennial Growth Policy and the new General Plan is that of concentrating both public (capital) improvements and new development in a network of growth policy centers and corridors that have been designated throughout the Developed and Developing Tiers in the County. For example, all of the County's fifteen present or future Metrorail stations are among the 24 growth policy centers recommended in the General Plan. Seven growth policy corridors - including Governor Glendening's proposed Purple Line light rail alignment in the International Corridor from New Carrollton to Bethesda - have also been recommended by the General Plan.
The General Plan proposes to actively encourage investment and development at these centers and in these corridors. In the Developed Tier, centers and corridors are intended to provide a critical mass of investment opportunities for revitalization, infill and major redevelopment initiatives in more mature, built-up, largely urban neighborhoods and commercial centers.
In the Developing Tier, higher densities and transit-supporting mixed uses will be encouraged to capitalize on Maryland's multi-billion investment in regional transit and to reduce both adverse impacts on the County's green infrastructure and the need for additional infrastructure - especially new arterial and major collector roads - to serve development. In this Tier, private sector initiated development outside these centers and corridors will be more characteristically suburban, single purpose developments. Developing Tier centers and corridors, therefore, play a crucial role in concentrating and mixing land uses at a comparatively small number of nodes where it can be most cost-effectively served by existing or future infrastructure.
The Plan also recommends a series of follow-up functional master plans, particularly for Green Infrastructure, Public Facilities and the Countywide Transportation system. These plans will be undertaken by the Planning Department in Fiscal Year 2003, which begins this July 1st.
The Planning Department staff are preparing analyses and comments on the testimony taken at the public hearing and on material submitted for the public hearing record, which closed on Friday, April 5th. The County Planning Board will hold work sessions on the testimony this month, to be followed by County Council work sessions in May. If necessary, a second public hearing on any revisions made to the Preliminary General Plan will be held after these work sessions.
It is expected that the new County General Plan will be adopted by the Planning Board and approved by the County Council by mid-summer.
Sue Schwartz, AICP
Region 2 AICP Commissioner
It is very flattering to be asked for a copy of a talk you have given at a conference. Also this is slightly tough for me since my presentation style is more conversational and based only on general notes. After being asked again, I was encouraged to put my comments in writing on this issue and share them with you.
After September 11th, planning's role in building and rebuilding cities has been on the minds of a lot us. There has been a great deal of press including articles in the New York Times and the Washington Post about the future of skyscrapers and significant architecture. There has also been quite a bit of discussion of how the role of the planner has been affected. As I have visited various chapter conferences this Fall, these issues were as prevalent as the discussion of college football rivalries. Although not the topic I was initially invited to speak on, I found myself incorporating it because it was a subtext to so many discussions.
Truly one of the greatest joys I have as an AICP Commissioner is the opportunity to travel around my region and the country. It is a rare gift to be able to meet so many fellow planners and hear about all of the wonderful things that are being accomplished for our communities. I am exposed to so many things I would never have the chance to experience in my job in Greensboro. It is inspirational on so many levels.
But it has also been a source of concern. Over the three years I have been a Commissioner I have also heard many stories from our fellow planners who have not been supported in their communities, faced unbelievable political or budget situations or had their ethics truly tested. It is heartbreaking to hear of colleagues in despair about their jobs and careers. It is disappointing and frustrating to be in the 21st century and still having to defend planning as a legitimate profession in many places in this country.
What September 11th and the subsequent discussion did was remind me what I deeply love about being a planner. At the very core of what we value in this country is the right for citizens to determine what they want for their future. Everyday, planners help that right to be exercised whether it is assisting with a rezoning application or engaging a neighborhood in developing its first neighborhood plan, we are the cogs for the most basic benefits of democracy. I believe it is an honor to be able to play such a role.
We are a proud and noble profession. Not noble in the sense of arrogance but in its truest sense: with the sense of service, dedication and humility that keeps us searching for ways to do things better for our communities.
I have never been fond of war-like language, such as "fighting the good fight", calling controversies battles or referring to planners as warriors. Like the word "hero", after New York, Washington and Pennsylvania, I think those words are best saved for use in their literal meanings. If we are to fight let it be the battles of arrogance, ignorance or the worst, apathy. Most days we are facilitators, educators, and when at our best, the peacemakers.
A friend of mine used to end his messages with "plan for the best". After September 11th I hope that is how planning has changed, that we reaffirm to ourselves and those we serve that in the end that is our goal, to plan for the best. That ethic will continue to make great communities happen. It will take the skills, talents and dedication of planners to get it done.
APA Board of Directors Meeting
The Board approved changes to the APA dues structure that provides for no dues increase
for those salaried below $50,000 annually. This means that 53% of APA members will
experience no dues increase in their dues category. They also approved the Awards
Program Review Task Force recommendations to streamline the awards program; add a
"Use of Technology and Planning" award; clarify the purpose of each award and define
eligibility of the recipients; and continue the existing jury process which was
reviewed and determined to be working effectively. The International Conference
plans were approved in principle.
The Board approved a motion to direct APA staff to clearly indicate that the Growing
Smart Legislative Guidebook is a research product and does not necessarily represent
the policy of the American Planning Association, unless specifically identified as
such in a policy guide or other Board action and referred the review of the Growing
Smart Legislative Guidebook to the Legislation and Policy Committee. The Committee
will involve members of the APA Board and Chapter Presidents Council with particular
interest in this issue.
The AICP Commission requested the APA Board to consider an amendment to the APA bylaws
that would change the election of the AICP president by AICP members only. The APA
Board of Directors approved the motion that the Board create an opportunity to have an
informed discussion with the AICP Commission prior to taking action on the request to
consider a bylaw amendment. The APA Board of Directors approved the motion that the
AICP Commission will provide written identification of the problem, justification and
rationale for the proposed bylaw amendment.
AICP Commission Meeting
The Commission approved the FY '02/03 AICP Budget with a $1,000 special allocation to
the New York Metro Chapter for their Chapter Conference in December; and approved the
AICP Mission Statement "AICP promotes excellence in the practice of planning by assuring
that professional planners have a high level of competence and integrity and by advocating
the interests of the professional planner".
The Commission directed the AICP President to request the APA Board of Directors to visit
the issue of amending the by-laws concerning the election of the AICP President by just
members of AICP; and endorsed the work of the AICP Global Planning Task Force and
directed it to continue its mission and report back to the Commission at the Chicago
meeting with a work plan.
The Commission directed the Exam Committee to work with ITE and the Transportation Division
to develop an outline of a specialization certification for transportation planners and
report to the Commission in Chicago.
Chapter Presidents Council Business Meeting
CPC recommended that the APA Board adopt the FY2002-2003 budget, supporting the Option 1 dues
increase schedule (over $50,000 income bracket). And the CPC endorsed the recommendations of
the Awards Program Subcommittee for approval by the Board: 2 (shorten the awards portion of
the luncheon.), 3 (present the AICP Landmark and Pioneer award winners in the video only, with
live presentations made only if the award winner is alive and can attend the event), and 4
(start the awards program immediately after the main dish has been served).
CPC endorsed the recommendations of the Awards Categories and Criteria Subcommittee for
approval by the Board: 1 (add a "Use of Technology in Planning" award category), 2 (rename
those awards named for people to reflect what the award is designed to honor), 3 (clearify
in the descriptions of the awards that they are not only for individuals, but that they can
be awarded to agencies, departments or organizations as well), 4 (do a better job of
integrating the Awards Program with other APA initiatives), and 6 (evaluate the feasibility
of making the Jury more regionally diverse by appointing one representative of each region
annually and filling out the rest of the Jury with "at-large" members). Item 5 was to be
reviewed more thoroughly by the CPC Chapter Services Committee.
CPC recommended to the APA Board that the APA International Conference Task Force move forward
in principle to hold the Conference in Hawaii and concurred with the motion language of the APA
Legislative and Policy Committee report, agreeing that Growing Smart does not represent an APA
Board policy document. The CPC also recommended that staff develop a peer review process to
include representation from the CPC regarding the preparation of the implementation mechanism
of the policy and that of future Growing Smart issues, which may become part of the policy.
Divisions Council Meetings
The Divisions Council met in sessions in Washington on Friday, which included an
Issues Meeting as well as Round Table discussion. At the issues meeting the Council
discussed a proposal to establish a new division on New Urbanism. After much lively
discussion, it was decided that the question remain open, and be discussed via an
electronic forum. The Divisions Council hopes to have a revised proposal or suitable
alternate solution ready for the April meeting in Chicago. At the Divisions Council
Business Meeting on Saturday, all 17 division chairs signed a proposal to create a
new FAICP track to allow individual divisions to nominate a candidate, like chapters
do. Also, a new Legislative Task Force and Web Committee were established, in addition
to the standing committees of the Council.
Student Representatives Council Meeting
The Student Representatives Council discussed numerous details of the planned student
activities at the upcoming National Conference in Chicago, including these highlights:
Student Conference Sessions - The SRC discussed having the second half of the conference
session devoted to breakout sessions between students and professionals
School Care Packages - APA is will be sending out a "care package" to all planning schools
which will include a letter from the SRC Chair encouraging students to get involved.
AICP Mentors Program - The AICP Fellows have volunteered to be mentors to students at the
conference. The AICP member would arrange to meet a student or group of students at the
conference and introduce them to some of their colleagues and other members of APA.
T-Shirt Contest - Their extremely popular t-shirt designs from last year will be posted on
their www.studentplanning.org website, and student members will vote to see which one they
would like to have available at the conference. The SRC will invite students to participate
via a mass e-mail. The SRC chair, Rion Hollenbeck, plans to work with the Local Host Committee
to sell the t-shirts on-site. The SRC also decided to look into the possibility of selling the
t-shirts online.
Student Poster / Paper Presentation - The guidelines for the paper presentation and poster
display will be posted on the website for interested parties to submit their proposals. The final
date for submissions for both the paper/poster presentation and the T-shirt design is January 1, 2002.
Approximately 100 members of APA's leadership representing 35 states, including 25 legislative liaisons,
participated in Planner's Day on Capitol Hill. APA members conducted approximately 200 separate
congressional meetings during the day in an effort to advance APA's legislative agenda, particularly the
Community Character Act (CCA). In addition to the lobby visits, attendees participated in seminars on
the federal role in smart growth and affordable housing. Rep. Mel Watt , APA's 2001 Legislator of the
Year, joined attendees for an evening reception at the Hart Senate Building; and on Wednesday evening
Congressman Earl Blumenauer met with APA leaders. Cosponsorship of the CCA has already increased as a
direct result of APA meetings. Additionally, several attendees have had the opportunity to discuss
planning, smart growth and CCA back home as a result of contacts made with congressional staff during the event.
(excerpted from Florida Planning)
A new study released in March uses census data to reveal the relative influence of population growth and land use / consumption decision on urban sprawl affecting most of the 100 largest urbanized areas in the country. Its authors, Leon Kolankiewicz, a national environmental planner; and Roy Beck, a Washington, DC public policy analyst, were backed in preparing the study by an advisory team of 38 experts and scholars from universities nationwide. According to Beck, "This new analysis of overlooked and misunderstood Census Bureau statistics suggests that real and sustainable controls on sprawl are not practicable without vigorous national and local efforts to attack half the source of sprawl by moving toward population stabilization."
Unlike most sprawl studies that emphasize qualitative urban planning criteria, this study approaches sprawl from an environmental focus by measuring actual acres of rural land lost as Urbanized Areas spread outward. Beck notes, "On average there are more of us, and each of us is using more urban land, and therein lie the two halves of the problem." While growth in per capita land consumption is a significant factor in the sprawl in most regions of the country, this usually ignored population growth factor is significant in all regions of the country. He states, "Plans and programs to halt the urban sprawl that is devouring thousands of square miles of farmland, natural habitats, and open spaces each decade, must also focus on slowing population growth to be effective."
The handful of Urbanized Areas that had no population growth in the period studied still sprawled; but their overall sprawl was only a third as high as for cities where population did grow. "If population growth had not stopped in those areas, sprawl likely would have been far worse", Beck states, "This is an important message to hear in such cities, lest their governments inadvertently spur increased sprawl by adopting policies that entice the population once again to grow." Over the 20 year period studied, the nation's 100 largest cities sprawled out over an additional 14, 545 square miles - more than 9 million acres of rural land. The study suggests that in order to stop the forward march of sprawl across our landscapes, government agencies, think tanks, universities, and advocacy groups must tackle - or at least support others who tackle - population growth. Copies of this 64 page study, or an Executive Summary, are available at no charge by contacting: Numbers USA . com; (877) 885-7733; or info@sprawlcity.org.
APA recently adopted a new membership category, "New Planner". It provides for a transition in dues between student memberships (which are subsidized) and the full salary-based dues. The intent is to encourage planners just entering the field, whose initial salaries may be low, to maintain their links to APA. Please encourage recent graduates, or students about to graduate, to take advantage of this new category of membership.
Another new member service is the provision of allowing dues payments by installment via bank debit. Look for it in your renewal statement.
At the national level APA's primary legislative focus for the coming year will be on: Federal Smart Growth Planning Assistance, Takings, and Federal Preemption. Our secondary priorities, those that we look to other organizations to take the lead, at the national level will be on: Community Reinvestment, Endangered Species Act, Housing, Location of Federal Facilities, Parks, Recreation & Open Space, andTransportation. At the state level we will focus on Implementation of Growing Smart, meaning helping chapters and state legislatures make use of the product of the Growing Smart research project - model state planning legislation; Licensing / Credentialing, and Takings.
APA also announced that it will sponsor a legislative workshop and Planners Day on the Hill in conjunction with the APA leadership's fall meeting in Washington DC. More information will be forthcoming about this event.
A new Policy Guide on factory built housing was ratified by the Board (available on the APA website). New policy guides coming on Smart Growth and Environmental policies with Harrison Higgins, New Mexico chapter president, chairing the task force developing the Smart Growth guide. Ralph Wilmer, Region 1 Director, is heading up the effort to update APA's policies on Environmental Planning.
Public Relations has been a big focus of APA for the past two years. In New Orleans the Board voted to authorize expenditures to participate in a PBS series called "Bridge to One World," a 26-week documentary-style program to be aired this fall and in 2002. This is an excellent opportunity for APA to increase public awareness and knowledge about planners and planning.
(Excerpted from article by Dowell Myers - professor of urban planning and demography at School of Policy, Planning, and Development at the University of Southern California.)
Many factors have been important in shaping the 20th century American metropolis, and others will shape the city of the next century. Surprisingly, one vital factor was virtually invisible to the panel of urban experts survey about major influences on cities. Immigration is a driving force behind many of the most important changes in cities. Although it may not be as visible as the interstate highway system, this social force has had profound economic and physical impacts. Immigration is well recognized for its importance in building cities prior to 1920, but many experts and policy makers fail to perceive its continuing influence through the 1950s, it's ebbing impact during the 1960s and 1970s; or its resurgence in the 1980s and 1990's. The effect of immigration is to bring new residents to large cities, concentrating them in older gateway neighborhoods where they take root and invest their energies. The housing and retail markets at the heart of many of our large cities are sustained by these new arrivals. And the ready supply of willing workers encourages new job creation. Looking to the future, we can expect the impacts of immigration to continue and spread, both as new residents continue to arrive and as previous arrivals settle in.
Research sponsored by Fannie Mae Foundation shows that immigrants will account for almost one?quarter of all new households nationwide, and this share will be much higher in port?of?entry cities. Much of this growth will come from immigrants who already reside in the United States but will be moving upward in the market. However, the panel of experts failed to detect the critical importance of this demographic trend. Instead, most panelists foresaw continuation and intensification of the old urban crisis, ignoring the reversal that immigration has already launched in many (not all) cities. It might not be so surprising that these urban experts have under- estimated the importance of immigration. Urban theory is guided by old concerns of race and class that were prominent in the 1960s, and that remain with us today. What is neglected and not yet comprehended are the new forces of immigration and demographic dynamism that will propel our cities in the new century.